CET4翻译例题答案.doc

CET4翻译例题答案

资料仅供参考
京江学院 级第四学期适应性考试卷
长篇阅读参考答案：
Passage 1
46-55: JIBEH, ADCKF
Passage 2
46-55: CHEBK, EIAFD
Passage 3
46-55: DHFAC, IGJBE
On How to Face Failure
As can be clearly seen from the picture, a boy is weeping for his failure at school, with hands covering is face, while his friend is cheering him on and saying : An occasional failure cannot determine your whole life!”
The drawing is really thought-provoking. Failure is common in our daily life.(过渡句) Can an occasional failure determine a person’s whole life? Some people think it is true for the reason that an occasional failure nay change a person’s fate and his attitude towards life. While other people disagree with it, because failure happens to everyone and an occasional failure is just an unavoidable experience to success.
As far as I am concerned, we should have the proper attitude towards failure. It is your attitude that determines how big your failure is. The best way to face failure is to analyze the reason of failure calmly. Only by doing this can you be taught a lesson and avoid making the same mistake again.
On the Importance of Environmental Protection
As is vividly described in the drawing above, all the trees on the mountains are cut down, only with stumps(树桩) left. A man is standing on the mountain with a birdcage in his hand and saying: “If only I could keep a real bird. ”
This drawing mirrors(反映) a common phenomenon: there are still many problems in environmental protection and one of the most serious problems is that vegetation had been greatly reduced with the rapid growth of modern cities. Therefore, environmental protection should be a top priority. First, with more and more trees cut down, many kinds of birds or animals will lose their homes and eventually become extinct. At that time, we will no longer be able to see so many lovely creatures which make our life interesting. Second, desertification, global warming and other environmental problems are more or less the results of deforestation.
As can be seen from the above, environment is closely related to people’s lives. Therefore, each one of us should have the awareness of environmental protection, and should make efforts to preserve vegetation.

大学英语四级专项练习（一）段落翻译参考译文
1. The legend of the Chinese New Year began in a small village thousands of years ago. Each winter a monster named Nian would enter the village and attack the villagers. The villagers were scared. They didn’t know what to do. Afterwards a wise old man came up with an idea. The next time Nian appeared the people used fireworks and drums to make a lot of noises. Sure enough, these noises scared the monster away and it fled into the hills. The villagers celebrated the day when they freed themselves from the monster. Each year they would light the fireworks and celebrate their victory. This day became the start of the Chinese New year.
中国新年的传说源于数千年前的一个小村庄。每年冬天，一个叫“年”的怪兽都会进村子攻击村民。村民们十分害怕，不知该怎么办。后来，一位年长的智者想出了—-个办法。当“年”再一次出现时，人们就用鞭炮( firework)和鼓制造大量噪音。这些噪音果然把“年”给吓跑了，“年”躲进了山里。村民们在这天庆祝她们摆脱了怪兽。每年她们都会点燃鞭炮庆祝她们的胜利。这一天使成了中国新年的开始。

2. The lunar calendar has been used for thousands of years. Today the traditional Chinese festivals are still lunar calendar festivals. The lunar calendar originated in the Chinese ancient dynasties. The current calendar was created during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in 104 BC. This calendar, which was called the Taichu Calendar, is the same lunar calendar as the one used nowadays. Each year in the lunar calendar is named after an animal. For example, was the year of the dragon. There are 12 animals. Every 12 years the cycle repeats itself.
农历(lunar calendar)已使用了数千年。今天，我们依然用农历来表示中国的传统节。农历由巾国古代的朝代衍生而来。现今使用的农历形成于公元前1 ，汉朝汉武帝( Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty)统治时期。该农历被称为“太初历”，与今天使用的农历是一样的。农历中的每…年都以一种动物来命名，如 是“龙年”。共有12种动物，每 循环一次。

3. The Great Wall was built to defend against the northern invaders from Mongolia. Smaller and shorter walls had been built over the years, while Qin Shi Huang decided to build a single giant wall to protect his northern borders. The construction of the Great Wall started in the Qin Dynasty and the following dynasties continued to work on it. Later., the Ming Dynasty rebuilt the wall. Most parts of the so-called Great Wall today was built in the Ming Dynasty. The wall was built by peasants, slaves,criminals, and other people that the emperor decided to punish.
建造长城是为了防御来自蒙古(Mongolia)的北方入侵者。多年来，人们已经建造了一些较矮小的城墙，可是秦始皇( Qin Shi Huang)决定建造一座巨大的城墙来保卫她北边的疆土。长城始建于秦朝，后续的朝代进行继续建造。后来，明朝重建了长城。我们今天所说的长城绝大部分都是明朝建造的。长城由农民、奴隶、犯人以及皇帝决定惩罚的人建造。

4. Zheng He was a great Chinese explorer and fleet commander. His seven main expeditions explored the world for the Chinese emperors and established the trade links between China and new areas. The Emperor Yongle wanted to show off the glory and power of the Chinese Empire to the world. He also wanted to establish the business relations with other countries. So, he appointed Zheng He as the Chief Envoy and asked him to set up a fleet to explore the world. Zheng He commanded a large fleet, whose first voyage was estimated to have over 200 ships and nearly 28,000 men.
郑和是一位伟大的中国探险家和舰队指挥官。她主要进行了七次探险活动，为中国皇帝探索世界，并在新的区域建立与中国的贸易联系。永乐帝(Emperor Yongle)想向世界其它[国家展示中华帝国(the Chinese Empire)的荣耀与权力，同时还想与世界其它国家建立贸易联系。于是她任命郑和为首席特使(Chief Envoy)，命她成立一个舰队去探索世界。郑和指挥了一个大型舰队，第一次航海时估计有超过200艘船，将近28000人。

5. The arts flourished during the Tang Dynasty. Poetry became an integral part of the Chinese culture. Learning poetry was a must for those who wanted to pass the imperial examination. Some of the great poets in Chinese history lived in this time, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, and Wang Wei. While the Tang Dynasty is worldwide famous for its poetry, other art forms also became very popular during this period. Many forms of literature took shape, including short stories and history novels. Painting was also very popular and many famous painters arose in this era.
唐朝（the Tang Dynasty）时期，艺术盛行，诗歌成为中国文化；诗歌成为中国文化不可分割的一部分。学习诗歌对于那些想经过科举考试(the imperial examination)的人来说是一门必修课。中国历史上，．一些著名的诗人就生活在这个时期，像李白、杜甫和王维。虽然唐朝诗歌闻名于世，其它的艺术在该时期也非常流行。许多文学形式包括短篇故事和历史小说都在该时期成型。同样，绘画也很流行，这个时期诞生了一些著名的画家。

6. Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, is crowned as Poet Sage by later generations. Du Fu was a patriot. Under the constant influence of Confucianism, he hated and tended to criticize the corrupt imperial court and the dark side of the social life. In the meantime, he had great compassion for the general public, and was willing to make self-sacrifice to rescue people from their tribulation. Du Fu had a profound friendship with Li Bai, another great poet in the Tang Dynasty. Though their poetic styles were different, they admired each other for their respective talent and personality. Therefore, they are jointly named Li Du by later generations.
杜甫，唐代著名诗人，被后人称为“诗圣(Poet Sage)”。杜甫是一位爱国者。在儒家思想(Confucianism)持续的熏陶下，她憎恨并偏重于批判朝廷的腐败和社会生活的阴暗面。同时，她十分同情老百姓，愿意作出自我牺牲将人们从苦难中拯救出来。杜甫和另一位唐代伟大的诗人李白有着深厚的友谊。尽管她们的诗歌风格不同，但她们十分欣赏对方的天赋和性格。因此，她们被后人合称为“李杜”。

7. The Yellow River is the cradle of the Chinese nation. She has fostered generations of Chinese but she has also brought troubles with her floods. The diligent Chinese people have been struggling to control the water of the river for generations. Da Yu was a famous expert on water regulation in China more than 4,000 Years ago. Da Yu inherited the experience from his father, who once controlled the floods, and after plenty of investigations and researches, he found the cause of the floods. Da Yu worked very hard. He had been working on controlling he floods for 13 years constantly. During this period he did not go back bis home, even stopping by without going into his house for 3 times.
黄河(the Yellow River)是中华民族的摇篮。她孕育了一代又一代的中国人，但她的洪水也给人们带来了灾难。勤劳的中国人民世代都在努力治理黄河水。大禹是4000多年前中国著名的治水家。大禹继承了她父亲曾经治水的经验，经过量的调查和研究，发现了引发洪水的原因。大禹工作很努力。她致力于治水 。在这段时间里，她没有回过家，甚至三过家门而不入。

8. In ancient times, writing works and inscriptions were generally written on tablets of bamboo or on pieces of silk. But silk being costly and bamboo heavy, they were both not convenient to use. Then Cai Lun initiated the method of making paper with the bark of trees. Traditionally, he is regarded as the inventor of paper and the technique of papermaking. Although early forms of paper had already existed in China since the 2nd century BC, he fostered the first significant improvement and standardization of papermaking by adding essential new materials into paper’s composition. Cai found the composition of paper and invented the technique of papermaking. Cai was reputed for this invention in the world, and even in his own lifetime he was already given recognition for it.
在古代，著作和铭文( inscription)一般写在竹片或丝绸上。但丝绸昂贵，竹太重，使用起来都不方便。后来蔡伦开创了用树皮造纸的方法。传统上人们认为她是纸张和造纸术的创造者。尽管公元前2世纪中国就已经有了早期的纸，但蔡伦促成了纸张的首次重大改进，并经过添加至关重要的新材料使造纸过程标准化。蔡伦发现了造纸材料的组合方式，创造了造纸术，这项创造使蔡伦闻名于世，甚趸使她在有生之年就已经得到了认可。

9. With the defeat of the other six warring kingdoms, Qin Shi Huang unified the northern China. The king of Qin became the First Emperor of Qin in China. As emperor, Qin Shi Huang reorganized the bureaucracy, abolishing the existing nobility and replacing nobles with officials appointed by him. He also built a network of roads, with the capital of Xianyang at the hub. In addition, the emperor simplified the written Chinese script, standardized weights and measures, and minted new copper coins. In his reign for 35 years, he managed to create magnificent and enormous construction projects. He also brought incredible cultural and intellectual growth, as well as a lot of disasters to China.
秦始皇灭六国( Six-warring kingdoms)之后，统—了中国北方。秦国国王成为中国的秦始皇帝。作为皇帝，秦始皇重组了官僚机构( bureaucracy)，废除了既有的贵族，并以她任命的官员取代。她还建立以都城咸阳为中心的道路网。另外，秦始皇还简化汉字的写法，统一度量衡(weights and measures)，铸造了新的铜币。在35年的统治中，她建造了宏伟庞大的建筑工程，也带来了难以置信的文化和知识的增长，同时也给中国带来了许多灾难。

10. The Silk Road is one of the greatest and most important trade routes. It is the overland route that connects China and Europe, the East and the West. The Silk Road began in the 2nd century BC when Han Emperor gave Zhang Qian the diplomatic missions of visiting the Western regions. The Silk Road was largely scattered and very few merchants ever crossed the whole route. Most of the areas along the road were rugged or with hostile forces, which made the route quite dangerous. Therefore, the supply of silk and other goods was often limited.
丝绸之路（the Silk Road）是世界上最伟大、最重要的贸易通路之一。它是连接中国和欧洲、东方和西方的陆路通道。丝绸之路始于公元前2世纪，汉高祖Han Emperor)派遣张骞出使西域的时期。丝绸之路极其分散，很少有商人走过整个道路。大部分地区地形崎岖或有敌对势力存在，使得丝绸之路非常危险，因此丝绸和其它商品的供应经常受到限制。

11. The temple fair is a social activity in the Chinese folk. It is usually held in a temple or in the open place near the temple during festivals or some specified days. Some temple fairs are only held during the Spring Festival. Although temple fairs in different places are held in different time, their basic contents are similar. During the time of temple fairs, farmers and traders come from all directions, taking with their own agricultural products for transactions. Folk artists set up the stages for performing singing, dancing, story telling, etc. Ordinary people happily come to watch performances and buy snacks or other interesting goods.
庙会(the temple fair)是中国民间的一种社会活动，一般在节日或某些特定的日子，在寺庙里或寺庙附近的空旷之处举办。有的则只在春节期间举办。尽管在不同的地力，举办的庙会时间不同，但其基本内容相似。在庙会期间，来自四面八方的农民和商人都带着自己的农产品来进行交易。民间艺术家搭起舞台，表演唱歌、跳舞、讲故事等。老百姓高高兴兴地来观看表演，买小吃或其它有趣的物品，-

12. On the Tomb-sweeping Festival, people go to sweep the graves or burial grounds of their ancestors. Traditionally, they took a rooster with them to the graves. However, as the time goes by, the event has been less formal now. There are many different customs on the Tomb-sweeping Festival, among which the main ones are tomb sweeping and spring outing. It is a day not only for people to commemorate the dead, but also to enjoy leisure and entertainment time. Spring outings not simply increase enjoyment of life, but encourage people to have a healthy body and mind. The festival is really a combination of sadness and happiness.
清明节(the Tomb-sweeping Festival)时，人们会去自家祖先的坟墓或葬地扫墓。传统上，人们去时会带一整只公鸡。但随着时间的推移，扫墓现在已经不再那么正式，清明节有多种不同的习俗，其中最主要的是扫墓和春游（spring outing）。这一天不但是人们纪念亡人的节日，也是休闲娱乐的日子。春游不只增添生活乐趣，还能够鼓励人们拥有健康的身体和思想。这个节日真可谓是悲伤和幸福的组合体。

13. On the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, people celebrate the Double Ninth Festival. Nine is a yang number ( a traditional Chinese spiritual concept) in The Book of Changes, so Double Ninth is called Chongyang. Climbing the mountains is one of the most popular traditions on that day. In September the sky is high and the air is fresh. And climbing the mountains is helpful to keep physical fitness. The tradition of eating double-ninth cakes is associated with climbing the mountains. As a kind of festival foods, the double-ninth cake was first used to celebrate the autumn harvest. Later, it developed into the custom of climbing the mountains and eating double ninth cakes, which means that our life will become better and better. Because double ninth sounds like longevity (jiuiiu in Chinese), the Double Ninth Festival nowadays has been given a new meaning — Seniors’ Day.
每年农历九月初九，人们会庆祝重阳节( the Double Ninth Festival)。《易经》（The Book of Changes）认为数字“九”是阳数，故“重九”也叫“重阳”。登高是最受欢迎的重阳节传统之一。九月天空高远，空气新鲜，在这样的日子登高有助于保持身体健康。吃重阳糕( double-ninth cake)跟登高等有关。作为节日食品，重阳糕最初用来庆祝秋收，后来发展成登高、吃重阳糕的习俗，寓意是我们的生活将越来越好。由于“九九”谐音“久久”，重阳节如今已被赋予新的涵义——老人节。

14. Gongfu tea is not one kind of tea or the name of tea, but a skill of making tea. People call it Gongfu tea for the reason of its exquisite process. The operational procedures require certain techniques, knowledge and skill of brewing and tasting tea. Gongfu tea originated in the Song Dynasty and prevailed mostly in Chaozhou, Guangdong Province (Now: Chaoshan Area). It later became popular around the nation. Gongfu tea is famous for its high concentration. Oolong tea is mainly used in making the Gongfu tea because it can meet the requirements of color, flavor and taste of the Gongfu tea.
功夫茶(Gongfu tea)不是一种茶叶或茶的名字，而是一种冲泡的手艺。人们叫它功夫茶，是因为这种泡茶方式十分讲究：它的操作过程需要一定的技术，以及泡茶和品茶的知识和技能。功夫茶起源于宋朝，在广东的潮州府（今潮汕地区）一带最为盛行，后来在全国各地流行，功夫茶以浓度( concentration )高而著称。制作功夫茶主要使用的茶叶是乌龙茶( Oolong tea)，因为它能满足功夫茶色、香、味的要求。

15. Auspicious patterns play an important role in almost all the festivals or wedding ceremonies. During the Spring Festival, weddings or other holidays, people like sticking some auspicious patterns in their rooms, which is a way to express the expectation of happy life. The auspicious patterns in China have a long history of nearly three thousand years and are still an important part of Chinese people’s life. Auspicious patterns have a variety of types and a wide range of contents, and they mainly express expectation to bless, emolument, longevity and happiness. The most popular patterns are double happiness ( two Chinese characters meaning happiness). People generally use it when they hold a wedding.
吉祥图案( aus