专八人文知识03-12真题.doc

专八人文知识
2012年专业八级
31. The Maori people are natives of
　　 A. Australia. B. Canada. C. Ireland. D. New Zealand.
32. The British monarch is the Head of
　　 A. Parliament. B. State. C. Government. D. Cabinet.
33. Americans celebrate Independence Day on
　　 A. July 4th. B. October 11th. C. May 31st. D. September 6th.
34. Canada is bounded on the north by
　　 A. the Pacific Ocean. B. the Atlantic Ocean.
　　 C. the Arctic Ocean. D. the Great Lakes.
35. Who is the author of The Waste Lana?
　　 A. George Bernard Shaw. B. W.B. Yeats.
　　 C. Dylan Thomas. D. T.S. Eliot.
36. Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury?
　　 A. William Faulkner. B. Ernest Hemingway.
　　 C. Scott Fitzgerald. D. John Steinbeck.
37. "The lettuce was lonely without tomatoes and cucumbers for company" is an example of
　　 A. exaggeration. B. understatement.
　　 C. personification. D. synecdoche.
38. In English ifa word begins with a [l] or a [r], then the next sound must be a vowel. This is a (n)
　　 A. assimilation rule. B. sequential rule. C.deletion rule. D. grammar rule.
39. Which of the following is an example of clipping?
　　 A.APEC. B.Motel. C.Xerox. D.Disco.
40. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to a particular type of" situation is called
　　 A. register. B. dialect. C. slang. D. variety

The indigenous people of New Zealand are the Maori.
　　31. D. New Zealand
　　32. B. state
　　33. A. July 4th
　　34. C. the Arctic Ocean
　　35. D. T.S.Eliot
　　36. A. William Faulkner
　　37. C. personification
　　38. B. sequential rule
　　39. D. Disco
　　40. A. register

2011专八人文知识真题参考答案
31. The northernmost part of Great Britain is _______.
A. Northern Ireland
B. Wales
C. England
D. Scotland
TIP：选D。英国最北端是苏格兰。
32. It is generally agreed that _______ were the first Europeans to reach Australia's shores.
A. the French
B. the Germans
C. the British
D. the Dutch
TIP：选D。1606年，荷兰航海家Willem Janszoon在约克角西岸登陆澳洲。1770年，英国人库克船长登上澳洲大陆并宣布它为英国领土。
33. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf?
A. Canada. B. New Zealand.
C. Great Britain.
D. The United States of America.
TIP：选A。加拿大被誉为“枫叶之国”。
34. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Revolution?
A. Thomas Jefferson.
B. Thomas Paine.
C. John Adams.
D. Benjamin Franklin.
TIP：选B。《常识》是托马斯•潘恩在美国革命之前撰写的。
35. Virginia Woolf was an important female ________ in the 20th-century England.
A. poet
B. biographer
C. playwright
D. novelist
TIP：选D。弗吉尼亚•伍尔芙是英国著名小说家，第二次世界大战期间，她是伦敦文学界的核心人物。
36. ______ refers to a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero in a nation's history.
A. Ballad B. Romance C. Epic D. Elegy
TIP：选C。epic是“史诗、叙事诗”的意思。
37. Which of the following best explores American myth in the 20th century?
A. The Great Gatsby. B. The Sun Also Rises. C. The Sound and the Fury.
D. Beyond the Horizon.
TIP：选A。《天边外》是尤金•奥尼尔的著名戏剧作品，《太阳照常升起》是海明威的代表作，《喧哗与骚动》则是福克纳的代表作。《了不起的盖茨比》的作者是菲茨杰拉德的作品，反映了美国20世纪20年代到30年代的社会现实，对美国神话进行了另类诠释和解读。
38. _______ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind.
A. Semantics
B. Pragmatics
C. Cognitive linguistics
D. Sociolinguistics
TIP：选C。认知语言学认为，语言的创建、学习及运用，基本上都必须能够通过人类的认知而加以解释，因为认知能力是人类知识的根本。
39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of ________.
A. absence of obstruction
B. presence of obstruction
C. manner of articulation
D. place of articulation
TIP：选A。辅音主要是从肺部呼出的气流在通过口腔或鼻腔时遇到阻碍而发出的音，元音的发音与之最大的区别就是不受阻碍，不产生摩擦。
40. The definition "the act of using or promoting the use of several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers" refers to _________.
A. Pidgin
B. Creole
C. Multilingualism
D. Bilingualism
TIP：选C。Multilingualism的意思是“多语现象、多语制”。

2010年英语专八人文知识真题答案
31. Which of the following is INCORRECT?
A. the British Constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215
B. the British Constitution includes Parliamentary acts
C. the British Constitution includes decisions made by courts of law
答案D：The British Constitution includes one single written constitution
32. The first city ever founded in Canada is
A. Quebec B. Vancouver C. Toronto D. Montreal
答案A：Quebec
33. When did the Australian Federation officially come into being?
A. B. 1788C. 1900D. 1901
答案D：1901
34. The Emancipation Proclamation to end the plantation slavery in the south of US was issued by
A. Abraham Lincoln B. Thomas Paine C. George Washington D. Thomas Jefferson　
答案A：Abraham Lincoln
35．Who was best known for the technique of dramatic monologue in his poems?
A. Will Blake B. W.B.Yeats C. Robert Browning D. William Wordsworth 　
答案C：Robert Browning
36. The Financier was written by
A. Mark Twain B. Henry James C.
答案D：Theodore Dreiser
37. In literature a story in verse or prose with a double meaning is defined as
A. allegory B. sonnet C. blank verse D. rhyme　　
答案A：Allegory
38.____ refers to the learning and development of a language
A. language acquisition B. language comprehension C. language production D. language introduction
答案A：language acquisition
39. The word “motel” comes from “motor – hotel”. This is an example of “…” in morphology.
A. backformation B. conversion C. blending D. acronym　
答案C：blending
40．Language is tool of communication, the symbol “highway closed” serves
A. B.C. a performative function D. a persuasive function
答案B： informative function

2009年真题

31. The Head of State of New Zealand is .
[A] the governor-general [B] the Prime Minister
[C] the high commissioner [D] the monarch of the United Kingdom.
32. The capital of Scotland is .
[A] Glasgow [B] Edinburgh [C] Manchester [D] London
33. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?
[A] Thomas Jefferson. [B] George Washington. [C] Thomas Paine. [D] John Adams.
34. Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia?
[A] Perth. [B] Adelaide. [C] Sydney. [D] Melbourne.
35. Ode to the West Wind was written by .
[A] William Blake [B] William Wordsworth
[C] Samuel Taylor Coleridge [D] Percy B. Shelley
36. Who among the following is a poet of free verse?
[A] Ralph Waldo Emerson. [B] Walt Whitman.
[C] Herman Melville. [D] Theodore Dreiser.
37. The novel Sons and Lovers was written by .
[A] Thomas Hardy [B] John Galsworthy [C] D.H. Lawrence [D] James Joyce
38. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production is .
[A] corpus linguistics [B] sociolinguistics
[C] theoretical linguistics [D] psycholinguistics
39. A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languages for purposes of trading is called .
[A] dialect [B] idiolect [C] pidgin [D] register
40. When a speaker expresses his intention of speaking, such as asking someone to open the window, he is performing .
[A] an illocutionary act [B] a perlocutionary act [C] a locutionary act [D] none of the above

2008年真题
31. The largest city in Canada is .
A. Vancouver B. Montreal C. Toronto D. Ottawa
32. According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested in .
A. the Federal Government B. the Supreme Court
C. the Cabinet D. the Conress
33. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States?
A. Baseball. B. Tennis. C. Basketball. D. American football.
34. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is .
A. the President B. the Governor-General
C. the British monarch D. the Prime Minister
35. The Caterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by .
A. Willian Langland B. Geoffrey C. William Shakespeare D. Alfred Tennyson
36. Who wrote The American?
A. Herman Melville. B Nathaniel Hawthorne. C. Henry James. D. Theodore Dreiser.
37. All of the following are well-know female writers in 20th-century Britain EXCEPT .
A. George Eliot B. Iris Jean Murdoch C. Doris Lessing D. Muriel Spark
38. Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?
A. Arbitrariness. B. Displacement. C. Duality. D.Diachronicity.
39. What type of sentence is "Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry"?
A. A simple sentence. B. A coordinate sentence. C. A complex sentence. D. None of the above.
40. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called .
A. hyponymy B. synonymy C. Polysemy D.homonymy

2007年真题
31. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively
EXCEPT .
[A] the Anglos [B] the Celts [C] the Jutes [D] the Saxons
32. The Head of State of Canada is represented by .
[A] the Monarch [B] the President [C] the Prime Minister [D] the Governor-general
33. The Declaration of Independence was written by .
[A] Thomas Jefferson [B] George Washington
[C] Alexander Hamilton [D] James Madison
34. The original inhabitants of Australia were .
[A] the Red Indians [B] the Eskimos [C] the Aborigines [D] the Maoris
35. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Brontë?
[A] Oliver Twist. [B] Middlemarch. [C] Jane Eyre. [D] Wuthering Heights.
36. William Butler Yeats was a(n) poet and playwright.
[A] American [B] Canadian [C] Irish [D] Australian
37. Death of a Salesman was written by .
[A] Arthur Miller [B] Ernest Hemingway
[C] Ralph Ellis on [D] James Baldwin
38. refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation.
[A] Phonology [B] Morphology [C] Semantics [D] Sociolinguistics
39. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT .
[A] lexical [B] syntactic [C] phonological [D] psycholinguistic
40. The word "tail" once referred to "the tail of a horse", but now it is used to mean "the tail of any animal." This is an example of .
[A] widening of meaning [B] narrowing of meaning
[C] meaning shift [D] loss of meaning

2006年真题
31. The President during the American Civil War was .
[A] Andrew Jackson [B] Abraham Lincoln [C] Thomas Jefferson [D] George Washington
32. The capital of New Zealand is .
[A] Christchurch [B] Auckland [C] Wellington [D] Hamilton
33. Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British settlers?
[A] The Aborigines. [B] The Maori. [C] The Indians. [D] The Eskimos.
34. The Prime Minister in Britain is head of .
[A] the Shadow Cabinet [B] the Parliament [C] the Opposition [D] the Cabinet
35. Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?
[A] T. S. Eliot. [B] D.H. Lawrence. [C] Theodore Dreiser. [D] James Joyce.
36. The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written by .
[A] Scott Fitzgerald [B] William Faulkner [C] Eugene O'Neill [D] Ernest Hemingway
37. is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.
[A] Free verse [B] Sonnet [C] Ode [D] Epigram
38. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion of .
[A] reference [B] meaning [C] antonymy [D] context
39. The words "kid, child, offspring" are examples of .
[A] dialectal synonyms [B] stylistic synonyms
[C] emotive synonyms [D] collocational synonyms
40. The distinction between parole and langue was made by .
[A] Halliday [B] Chomsky [C] Bloomfield [D] Saussure

2005年真题

31. is the capital of Canada.
[A] Vancouver [B] Ottawa [C] Montreal [D] York
32. U.S. presidents normally serve a (n) term.
[A] two-year [B] four-year [C] six-year [D] eight-year
33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?
[A] Huston. [B] Boston. [C]Baltimore. [D] Philadelphia.
34. is the state church in England.
[A] The Roman Catholic Church [B] The Baptist Church
[C] The Protestant Church [D] The Church of England
35. The novel Emma is written by .
[A] Mary Shelley [B] Charlotte Brontë [C] Elizabeth C. Gaskell [D] Jane Austen
36. Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?
[A] William Wordsworth. [B] George Elliot.
[C] George C. Byron. [D] Percy B. Shelley.
37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for .
[A] his poems [B] his plays [C] his short stories [D] his novels
38. Syntax is the study of .
[A] language functions [B] sentence structures [C] textual organization [D] word formation
39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?
[A] Arbitrariness. [B] Productivity.
[C] Cultural transmission. [D] Finiteness.
40. The speech act theory was first put forward by .
[A] John Searle [B] John Austin [C] Noam Chomsky [D] M.A.K. Halliday

2004年真题
31. The following are products imported by Australia from China EXCEPT .
[A] food [B] textiles [C] steel products [D] electronics
32. Scots regard as the most important festival in a year.
[A] Near Year's Day [B] Christmas Day [C] New Year's Eve [D] Easter
33. The republican movement has been gathering momentum in Australia since became Prime Minister in 1992.
[A] John Howard [B] Bob Hawke [C] Malcolm Fraser [D] Paul Keating
34. was known for his famous speech "I have a dream".
[A] John F. Kennedy [B] Martin Luther King, Jr
[C] Abraham Lincoln [D] Thomas Jefferson
35. Of all the 18th century novelists, ______ was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a "comic epic in prose", and the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.
[A] Daniel Defoe [B] Samuel Johnson
[C] Oliver Goldsmith [D] Henry Feilding
36. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his .
[A] international theme [B] waste-land imagery
[C] local color [D] symbolism
37. Hemingway's writing style, together with his theme and the hero, is greatly and permanently influenced by his experiences .
[A] in his childhood [B] in the war [C] in America [D] in Africa
38. English consonants can be classified into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc. in terms of .
[A] manner of articulation [B] openness of mouth
[C] place of articulation [D] voicing
39. Which of the following words can correct two clauses in a coordinate sentence?
[A] Through. [B] When. [C] But. [D] If.
40. is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content.
[A] Word [B] Morpheme [C] Allomorph [D] Root

2003年真题
31. is not a nationally observed holiday of America.
[A] Christmas [B] Easter Sunday [C] Thanksgiving Day [D] Independence Day
32. The university of Dublin was not founded until .
[A] the 19th century [B] the 18th century [C] the 17th century [D] the 16th century
33. The introduced old-age pensions in New Zealand in 1898.
[A] Labor Party [B] Democratic Party [C] Liberal Party [D] Conservative Party
34. Irish culture experienced a golden age from to .
[A] the eighth century, the eleventh century [B] the seventh century, the ninth century
[C] the si