初中英语知识点归纳总结---重点词组、句型.doc

初中英语知识点归纳总结-重点词组、句型重点句型1So + be助动词情牵动词主语前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be助动词情态动词+主语”这种倒装结构。例如：He likes playing basketball, and so do I.他喜欢打篮球，我也喜欢。Kate cant speak Chinese, and I neither/ nor can Jim凯特不会说汉语。吉姆也不会。注意：“So+主语+be助动词情态动词”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”例如：一Basketball is very popular game in America篮球在美国是一项很受欢迎的运动。一So it is的确如此。2Turn rightleft at the firstsecondcrossing.这一指路的句型意为“在第一二个十字路口向右左拐。”相当于Take the first secondturning on the rightleft.例如：一Can you tell me the way to the nearest post office？你能告诉我去最近的邮局的路吗？一Walk along this road，and turn left at the third crossing.沿着这条路走，在第三个路口向左拐。3It takes sbsome time to do sth此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语。例如：It took me half an hour to finish the hard work完成这项艰巨的工作花了我半个小时。 4thinkfind + it + adj. + to do sth.此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的宾语。例如：I found it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语很重要。 5Whats wrong with？此句型相当于Whats the matter/ trouble with？后跟某物作宾语时，意为“某物出什么毛病了？”后跟某人作宾语时，意为“某人怎么了？”例如：Whats wrong with your bike？你的自行车出什么毛病了？一Its broken它坏了。Whats wrong with you？你怎么了？一I have a pain in my head我头痛。6tooto在sothat复合句中，that后的句子是否定句时，常与简单句tooto（太而不能）进行句型转换。例如：He is so young to go to school（改为简单句）He is too young to go to school在sothat复合句中，that后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单句enough to进行句型转换。例如：This maths problem was so easy that we could work it out. （改为简单句）This maths problem was easy enough for us to work out.7Sorry to hear that.全句应为Im sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过（遗憾）。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。例如：My mother is ill, so I have to look after her at home.我母亲病了，因此我必须在家照看她。Sorry to hear that. 听到此事我很难过。重点句型、词组大盘点1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。用法 used to + 动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。搭配 used to do的否定式可以是usednt to do或didnt use to do.比较 used to do sth. 过去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。举例1) I used to read in bed.我过去总是躺在床上看书。2)Did he use to work into the night? 或 Used he to work into the night?他以前总是工作到深夜吗？3)I am used to getting up early.我习惯早起。4)Knives are used to cut things.刀是用来削东西的。2.return it sooner or later.迟早要将它归还。用法l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。2)return此处用作及物动词，意为“归还”，相当于give back.拓展return还可用作不及物动词，意为“返回”，相当于go back或come back。举例l)He will find his shortcoming sooner or later.他迟早会发现他的缺点的。2)When will you return to your hometown? 什么时候回老家？3)I have returned the book to the library. 我已经把书还给图书了。 3.No matter what the weather is like无论天气用法no matter what 相当于whatever，其意为“无论什么”，引导状语从句。拓展类似no matter what的表达方式还有：no matter when无论什么时候no matter where无论什么地方no matter who无论谁no matter how 无论怎么样举例l)No matter what he does,nbsp; he always tries to do it well.无论做什么事，他总是力求做好。2)No matter what happens, I will take your side.无论发生什么事，我都将支持你。3)No matter who gives a talk, we shall listen carefully.无论谁做报告，我们都应当认真听。4)No matter how he goes to work, he is never late.无论怎么样去上班，他从不迟到。4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green. 一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。用法practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习（做）某事”。拓展practice名词，“实践”、“实施”、“练习”；put a plan into practice实行某计划。举例l)The boy practised making a new sound. 那男孩练习发出新的声音。2)She practised the piano two hours every day.她每天练习两个小时的钢琴。3)We have laid the plan and now we must put it into practice. 我们已经制订出计划，现在必须实施。 5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。用法1)encourage用作动词，意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。2)take part in“参加”，常表示参加活动。3)protect 是动词，表示“防御”、“保护”。搭配1)encourage sb. in sth. 在某事上鼓励或支持某人encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人干某事2)protect sh. from sth. 使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害比较1)My parents encourage me in my studies.我父母亲经常鼓励我学习。2)The school encouraged the students to practise using the computers. 校方鼓励学生练习使用计算机。3)Will you take part in the English contest? 你准备参加英语竞赛活动吗？4)The vegetables were well protected from the cold.这些蔬莱被保护得好而没受冻。6. to warn people about sharks in the water. 警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。用法 warn用作动词，意思是“警告”、“警戒”。搭配1)warn sb.+ that从句2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事4)warn sb. against(doing) sth. 告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事举例1)I warned him that snakes were dangerous. 我警告他，蛇很危险。2)We are trying to warn children the dangers of smoking.我们正试图警告孩子们吸烟的危害。3)Dr Synes warned me to give up my drinking.Synes 大夫劝我戒酒。4)The notice warned people against swimming in the pool.公告告诫人们不要在池塘里游泳