高二虚拟语气（二）（学生版）.doc

虚拟语气（二）
Revision:
(1) ---If he _____, he _____ that food.
---Luckily, he was sent to hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
(2) If we ______ adequate preparations the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.
A. haven’t made B. wouldn’t make
C. didn’t make D. hadn’t made
(3) --- Did you hear Tom was criticized for his spelling mistakes in his English compositions?
--- Yes, but a more careful person _____ so many mistakes.
A. wouldn’t make B. needn’t have made C. shouldn’t make D. wouldn’t have made
(4) --- I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year.
--- But check out the cost first. I wouldn’t be surprise if you _____ your mind.
A. changed B. will change C. have changed D. would have changed

一、混合虚拟条件句
当主句动作发生的时间与if引导的条件从句动作发生的时间不一致时，我们可以用混合虚拟条件句。
此时，需要按时间(如now, yesterday等)来确定虚拟形式。
If you had listened to the talk about the UN yesterday, you would know the answer to the question now.
If I were you, I would spend my holiday in France.
练一练：
(1) If we ____________________ (start) early yesterday afternoon, we ____________________ (be) in the hotel now.
(2) _____________ you _____________ (follow) my advice, you _____________ (not be) in trouble now.
(3) If I _______ the plane this morning, I'm sure I _______ over the Atlantic now.
A. had caught; would be flying B. caught; was flying
C. had caught; would have flown D. catches; will be flying
(4) If you _______ the bus, we _______ the wonderful film in the cinema now.
A. don't miss; are enjoying B. didn't miss; are enjoying
C. had not missed; would be enjoying D. had not missed; were enjoying
(5) The great changes ________ if there _______ the economic reform in our country.
A. would never have taken place; hadn't been B. would never take place; wouldn't have been
C. had never taken place; were not D. had never taken place; wouldn't have been

二、含蓄条件句
1、我们可以用otherwise、or或以with、without、but for开头的短语代替if从句表示隐含的虚拟语气
I’m too busy now, otherwise / or (= if I weren’t so busy) I would help you do the work.
Without (= If there were no) UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people working on the projects would not be
encouraged.
练一练：
(1) ______ (要是有更多的钱), I could help more people in need.
(2) ______________________________________ (要不是有来自联合国的帮助), those women wouldn’t have been able to set up their shop
(3) He would have scored a goal, but he __________ (hesitate) for a moment before kicking the ball.
(4) Without electronic computers, much of today's advanced technology _______ achieved.
　 A. will not be　　　　 B. would not be C. would not have been D. cannot have been
(5) But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.
A. would have passed B. would pass C. wouldn’t pass D. wouldn’t have passed
注意：使用含蓄式虚拟语气时需:
1、根据语境找准时间的参照点
2、or/ otherwise后用虚拟语气，而but后用__________。
3、but for…=without…=if it were not for …/ if it had not been for…=had it not been for

三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中
1、用于坚持，命令，要求，建议等一类动词后面的宾语从句中（从句动词用________________构成__________ 可以省略）
一坚持 __________________
二命令 ________________________
四要求 ________________________
五建议 ________________________
注意：
★suggest表示“______________”；insist表示“____________________”时，其后宾语从句用______________。
(1) Her pale face suggested that she ______ (be) ill and we suggested that she __________ (send) to
hospital at once.
(2) He insisted that he ______ (do) nothing wrong and that he __________ (set) free at once.
(3) Teachers recommend parents _______ (不允许) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
(4) Who ________ the survey about the environmental pollution in this area?
A. you suggest he have finish B. you suggest he has to finish
C. do you suggest he have finish D. do you suggest he has finish
(5) The management urged that the cost of production _______.
A. to be further reduced B. was further reduced C. be further reduced D. should further reduced

2、用于wish 后面的宾语从句中
谓语动词的形式
表示的时间

表示现在未能实现的愿望

表示过去未能实现的愿望

表示未来不大可能实现的愿望
(1) ____________________________________________(我要是能讲几种外语就好了。)
(2) I wish __________________________. （你明天和我们一起去。）
(3) ---What would you wish to do if you were a college students again?
--- That’s hard to say, but I wish I ____________. (我学过了哲学。)

3、用于would rather 后面的宾语从句中
谓语动词的形式
表示的时间

表示现在未能实现的愿望

表示过去不大可能实现的愿望

表示未来不大可能实现的愿望
® I would rather you didn’t do anything about it for the time being.
(1) I would rather ______________________________ (他没有听说那个消息) .
(2) He would rather his wife ___________________________(下次将墙刷成蓝色).
(3) Most insurance agents would rather you _____ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.
A. do B. don’t do C. wouldn’t do D. didn’t do
(4)--- Did you tell her the bad news?
---Yes, but I’d rather _____.
A. not B. not have C. didn’t D. hadn’t
(5) --- I want to join them in the coming exploration.
--- I’d rather you ____ .
A. will not B. didn’t C. would not D. hadn’t

四、虚拟语气在主语/表语/同位语从句中
1、在句型 “It is important (______, ______, ______, ______) that .... ”
“It is desired/recommended/proposed/suggested/required…that”主语从句中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：（should）+ do
“It is strange/surprising/ astonishing/ a pity/a shame that ” 主语从句中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should + do
2、 主句的主语常是表示说话人愿望(______ / ______)、建议(_______ / ______/_______) 要求(________/ _______)、命令(________/ _________)等名词，表语从句的谓语动词用：(should) + do
3、表示说话人愿望、建议、要求、命令等名词后的_____________中用：(should) +do
(1) It is necessary that our drinking water ________ (make ) cleaner.
(2) My suggestion is that we__________________ it over before accepting it.(反复考虑)
(3) Some demands were made at the meeting, including one that the government ______ the rising
housing prices.
A. control B. would control C. controlled D. may control

五、虚拟语气在as if /as though从句中
从句动作要表达的含义
状语从句的谓语动词
与主句动作同时发生

在主句动作之前发生

在主句动作之后发生

(1) He talks _____________________________(他谈起来好像全知道此事。)
(2) I feel as if ______ (我们好像认识多年).
(3) He learns dancing so diligently _____________________(好像要成为一名舞蹈家).
(4) The thief closed his eyes _____ he _____ dying.
A. even if; was B. though; would be  C. when; had been  D. as if; were
(5) John talked as if he _____ all the work himself but in fact Harry and Lily did most of it.
A. did B. had done C. has done D. do
注意:
as if 引导的从句若有明显迹象要发生某事时，可用 _____________。如：
Look at the dark clouds in the sky. It looks as if it ________________________________ （看上去好像要下雨了）.

六、虚拟语气在特殊句型中
1、It’s (high/ about) time+从句（从句中谓语动词用动词___________或_____________）
(1) Is it time that you _____________________（开始学习）？
(2) --- Did you listen to the report last Friday?
--- Yes, it was about the shortage of migrant workers. That was the first time I____________ (听说)the subject.
2、even if、as if；if only （若是......那该多好啊）
表示现在的情况, 应用(_____________); 如：If only I knew his name!
I would never go there even if I were given the chance to.
如果是过去的情况, 应用(__________)；如：If only we had followed your advice!
如果是将来的情况，应该用_____________________________. 如：If only I could see him again!
比较：★only if ★if only
(1) If only the committee ______ (approve) the new environmental regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
(2) Only if the teacher has given permission ___________________________(学生才能离开教室).

七、其它结构表示虚拟语气（对过去）
® had meant (__/_______/________/________/________) to do sth.
= meant/hoped/intended/planned ___________________
® was/were going to do…; was / were to _________…

(1) — Why didn’t you give a hand to the boy?
— I _______, but he struggled to his feet before I tried to．
A．would like to have B．would like to C．were to D．was going to have
(2) I _____ you off yesterday, but I didn’t have time.
A. hope to have seen B. hope to see C. had hoped to see D. hoped to see.

【考考你】
1. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.
A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed
2. Some scientists say it is important that the amount of air pollution in big cities ______.
A. reduce B. be reduced C. reduced D. will be reduced
3. Frankly, I’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.
A. do B. don’t do C. didn’t do D. will not do
4. --- Did you see the film yesterday?
---Yes, but ______.
A. I'd not rather do it B. I'd rather not have done it
C. I'd better not do it D. I'd rather not doing it
5. The officer commanded that all the soldiers ______ early.
A. must come B. came C. come D. had to come
6. The little boy requested that he ______ to attend the party the next Saturday.
A. could permit B. could be permitted C. must permit D. be permitted
7. It's time that you ______ home and I'd rather you ______ again tomorrow.
A. went; would come B. went; came C. go; are coming D. are going; will come
8. I am not getting on well with my studies. ______ I hadn't wasted so much time playing online games!
A. As if B. Even if C. If only D. Only if
9. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he ______ it differently.
A. could express B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
10. The business is risky. But ______ we would be rich.
A. should we succeed B. we should succeed C. might we succeed D. would we succeed
11. ---I didn't see Rose at the party.
---If it had not been for the fact that she ______ sing and dance, I ______ her.
A. couldn’t; had invited B. couldn’t; would have invited
C. can’t; would invite D. can’t; will have invited
12. He didn't get everything ready; otherwise he ______ the job interview the other day.
A. would have passed B. had passed C. would pass D. passed
13. The doctor’s advice is that the patient ______ about his real physical condition.
A. be not told B. not be told C. will not be told D. must not be told
14. ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
--- But I wish I ______ that now.
A. couldn't do B. haven't done C. hadn't done D. didn't do
15. Mary's pale face suggested that she ______ ill and I suggested that she _ a doctor.
A. was; see B. be; would see C. be; see D. was; saw
16. ______, we could not have finished the work on time.
A. If they do not help us B. Was it not for their help
C. Should they offer to help us D. But for their help
17. Sally can’t have written to me, or ______ the letter by now.
A. I’ll get B. I’ll have got C. I’d have got D. I’d get
18. I should very much like to have gone to the party but I ______.
A. am not invited B. was not invited C. shall not be invited D. am not being invited
19. If only he ______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he ______ so much now.
A. lies, wouldn’t be suffering B. lay, won’t be suffering
C. had lain, wouldn’t suffer D. should lie, won’t suffer
20. John's mother still insists ______ to the dangerous place alone.
A. that he not go B. not to go C. that he would not go D. not going

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