x-yy-b2-4.1.doc

襄阳一中 高一年级 导学提纲 英语必修二 编写：何冬琴 审核：李君 使用时间 姓名： 考号：
Book 2 Unit 4 Period 1 Vocabulary
学习目标
1. 熟读并且识记单元单词和词组。
2. 理解并会运用单元重点词汇。
方法指导
1. 利用早读时间有计划的完成单词的识记任务，积累考试所需词汇。
2. 结合导学案研读单词并通过自测试题掌握考试考查较多的一词多义、词义辨析和词组搭配。
知识链接
1. die out 灭亡；（风俗，习惯等）逐渐消失
①As a result these endangered animals may even die out.（教材P25）结果，这些濒临灭绝的动物甚至可能绝迹。
②Many old customs are gradually dying out. 许多旧习俗都在日渐消失中。
③I am dying for a hot drink. 我真想喝点热东西。
④It’s getting dark and the wind died away. 天渐渐黑了，风也小了。
⑤The excitement died down. 兴奋的情绪平静了下来。
【归纳拓展】
die out 绝种，灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失
die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死
die of 因…而死(一般指死于内因，如疾病、饥饿、情感等原因)
die from 因…而死（一般指死于外因，如外伤、车祸、污染等）
be dying for 很想要，渴望
be dying to do 很想做，渴望做
【即学即练】
With_________________, some measures are being taken by the government to protect the endangered species. (die)
随着越来越多的动物灭绝，政府正在采取措施来保护濒临物种。
2. in danger 在危险中；垂危
①Why are they in danger of disappearing?(教材P25) 它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中?
②The doctor is trying his best to save the old man in danger. 这位医生正在全力抢救生命垂危的老人。
③The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight, but the doctor helped him out of danger.
那小男孩曾经处于失明的危险中，但是医生帮助他脱离了危险。
④That tall young man is a danger to our society. 那个高个子年轻人是我们社会的危害分子。
【归纳拓展】
in danger在危险中 in danger of… 面对…危险 out of danger脱离危险
(be) a danger to sb./sth. 危险的人/因素 be dangerous for 对……有危险
【即学即练】
(1)The workers are busy with the repairs of the temple, ________________ of collapsing. (danger)
工人们忙于庙宇的修理，这座庙宇处于倒塌的危险之中。
(2) As their home area is getting smaller and smaller, pandas _________________ from lack of suitable food. (die)
由于熊猫的栖息地越来越小，它们面临着死于缺少合适食物的危险。
3. respond vi. 回答；回应；做出反应
①Daisy responded immediately.(教材P26) 戴茜立刻做出回答。
②She still hasn’t responded to my letter. 她至今没给我回过信。
③His illness didn’t respond to treatment by drugs. 他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。
④He responded to my suggestion with a laugh. 他对我的建议报以一笑。
response n.［C］应答，回答；［U］感应，反应
⑤She made no response. 她没有回答。
【归纳拓展】
（1）respond to sth. 对…做出反应/回答 respond to sb. with sth. 用…回应某人
（2）make a response to 回应、响应 in response to 对…做出反应
【即学即练】
（1）I sent two e-mails to my aunty, _______________ to either of them up to now.（respond）
我已经给姑妈发了两封电子邮件，但是,到现在为止，她一封都没有回答。
（2）I sent her a short message yesterday, wondering which university she would choose, to _____________ with a phone call.（respond）我昨天给她发了个短信，想知道她要选择哪所大学，对此她电话回复了我。
4. relief n. （痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物
①In relief Daisy burst into laughter. 黛西如释重负，突然笑了起来。
②The pills gave him some relief for the moment. 药片暂时减轻了他的痛苦。
③Much to my relief, the difficulties were all overcame. 令我非常欣慰的是， 困难全被克服了。
④Drugs helped to relieve the pain. 药物帮助缓解疼痛。
⑤Let me relieve you of your bags. 让我帮你拿几个袋子吧。
【归纳拓展】
（1）in relief 如释重负；松了口气 to one’s relief 使某人欣慰的是
（2）relieve v. (从危险、痛苦等中)救出，使脱离，解脱 relieve sb. of … 解除某人的负担、困难等
【即学即练】
（1）I _____________________when the exam was over. (relief) 考试结束后我松了口气。
（2）______________________ to find they were safe. (relief) 发现他们很安全是件很欣慰的事。
5. burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来（=burst out laughing突然笑起来；大声笑了出来）
①In relief Daisy burst into laughter.(教材P26) 戴茜如释重负地突然大笑起来。
②All the classmates burst into laughter/burst out laughing when Peter acted out the play.
当彼得表演戏剧时，全班同学都大笑了起来。
③On hearing the news, he burst into tears/burst out crying. 听到这个消息，他突然大哭起来。
④He burst into/out of the room. 他突然闯进/冲出房间。
【归纳拓展】
burst into+ n.突然发作；爆发；闯入；冲进 burst out+ doing突然爆发
【即学即练】
（1）As soon as I caught sight of the funny look of the monkey, I really couldn’t help ______________ .(burst)
一看到那只猴子的滑稽表情，我就真的忍不住爆笑。
（2）Hearing the exciting result， they burst into _________ ，tears coming down.
A. laughter B. anger C. flames D. fame
6. mercy n. 仁慈;宽恕;怜悯
①Farmers hunted us without mercy.（教材P26） 农民们总是惨无人道地捕杀我们。
②He showed little mercy to the prisoners. =He had little mercy on the prisoners. 他对犯人毫不宽容。
③He went down on his knees and begged for mercy. 他跪下来，乞求宽恕。
④They were lost at sea, at the mercy of weather. 他们在海上迷失了方向，任由天气的摆布。
【归纳拓展】
show mercy to sb.=have mercy on sb. 怜悯/同情/可怜某人
ask/beg for mercy请求宽恕
at the mercy of...任由……的摆布
without mercy毫不同情
【即学即练】
（1）It is evident that the judge __________________________ the drunk driver. (mercy)
很明显，法官对这个酒后驾车者毫不宽容。
（2）When the little boy realized the serious consequences of his naughty behavior, he sincerely ______________ . (mercy) 当小男孩意识到他顽皮行为的严重后果时，他真诚地请求宽恕。
7. protect...from...保护……不受……（危害）
①“I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes,” it replied.（教材P26) 他回答说：“我这样做是为了防止蚊虫叮咬。”
②He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun 他戴一副墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光刺激。
③It is their duty to protect their friends against the enemy. 保护朋友不受敌人的伤害是他们的责任。
④Young plants should be well protected from the cold. 幼苗必须被很好地保护以免受冻。
kept us from arriving on time
⑤The heavy rain stopped us (from) arriving on time 大雨使我们不能按时到达。
prevented us (from).arriving on time
【归纳拓展】
(1)protect...against... 保护……不受……（危害） prevent...(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事
stop...(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事 keep...from doing sth. 阻止……做某事
(2)under the protection of… 在…的保护下
(3)protective adj. 保护的，防护的
【即学即练】
（1）She covered herself ________________________ with a thick blanket.（protect）
她用毯子把自己裹起来以保护自己不被叮咬。
（2）A greenhouse is a glass building in which you grow plants _____________________from bad weather.（need）
温室是一个玻璃屋，在里面种植需要保护不受恶劣天气侵害的植物。
8. contain vt. 包含，包括；容纳；遏制，抑制
①It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(教材P26) 它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。
②Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy. 橘子汁里含有对人身体有益的成分。
③The hall can contain/hold/seat/admit 3,000 people. 这个大厅可以容纳3 000人。
④She could hardly contain herself for joy. 她高兴得几乎不能自制。
⑤At the sight of this cruelty, they could hardly contain their anger.
看到这种残忍景象，他们简直无法抑制他们的愤怒情绪。
【归纳拓展】辨析contain与include
(1) contain vt. 表示“包含，含有；能容纳”，侧重指内容或成分，其主语和宾语不属于同类。
eg: Try to avoid food which contains a lot of fat. 尽量避免吃一些脂肪含量高的食物。
(2) include 侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类，是整体与部分的关系。
eg: The trip includes a visit to Beijing. 旅行包括到北京参观。
【即学即练】

（1）Out of curiosity of a child, I wondered ____________________ .（contain）
出于小孩子的好奇心，我想知道盒子里可能装的是什么。
（2）Police saw a car _________________ drew up outside the house in Hudson Street.（contain）
警察看到一辆载有三个人的车在哈德森大街的房子外面停下了。
9.【选学部分】 decrease, loss, hunt, species,
自测试题
die out, at a loss, in peace, in danger, so that, do harm to, burst into laughter, protect…from…,
pay attention to, in relief

1.For a moment, Tom was ____________________as to how to reply it.
2.Staying up ____________________ your health.
3.Those rare animals should _________________being hunted by the government.
4.I had warned him of the possible danger, but he didn’t ______________it.
5.Elephants would _____________________if men are allowed to shoot as many as they wished.
6.Children’s lives are ______________________every time they cross the road.
7.The two communities live together ___________
8.Seeing the funny performance, all of us ___________________ .
9.Why don’t you start out early ___________________you can arrive earlier?
10.No one was hurt, and we all smiled __________________.
问题记录
______________________________________________________________________________________
当堂训练
I.多项选择
1. The cruel king showed no _________and killed all the prisoners .
A. relief B. ending C. pain D. mercy
2. The farmers suffered a heavy _because of the terrible storm .
A. zone B. harm C. loss D. insect
3. Those who suffer from headache will find they get _______from this medicine.
A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter
4. It is high time for us to take measures to protect these old traditions and customs before they ____.
A. die out B. die away C. die off D. die down
5. The father took off his coat as an umbrella to __________ his daughter from the rain.
A. save B. hide C. stop D. protect
6. On the floor lay four or five boxes _______toys and books .
A. decreasing B. employing C. containing D. affecting
7. On getting the bad news, the man burst into _______ and tore up everything within reach.
A. laughing B. anger C. cheers D. laughter
8. It is important for us to _________ a word or a phrase according to the situations in language studies.
A. employ B. fancy C. type D. arrange
9. To our_________ , Jane’s illness proved not to be as serious as expected before.
A. judgment B. relief C. opinion D. hope
10.To our delight, they were_______ to respond to our questions.
A. hopeless B. mobile C. secure D. swift
II.完成句子
1.Almost all the animals have their special ways to________________________ their enemies. (protect)
几乎所有的动物都有他们独特的方式来保护自己免遭敌人的危害。
2.Do you know ______________________suddenly about 65 million years ago? (die)
你知道为什么65 000 000年前恐龙突然灭绝了吗？
3.I suddenly realized that he ______________________being attacked by the animal in the cage.(danger)
我突然意识到他处于被笼子里动物袭击的危险中。
4.The club member__________________ two hundred. (decrease)
该俱乐部的会员减至200人。
5.____________________________, the children all arrived home safe and sound. (relief)
使我们大为欣慰的是孩子们都安然无恙地回来了。
6.Little John felt the bag, curious to know______________________. (contain)
小约翰摸了摸包，好奇地想知道里面装了些什么。
日清反思

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