十九、强调句.doc

十九、强调句
 在英文中，句子的主语、宾语、状语都可以写进一定的句式里以表示对它的强调。它们是:
1. It is / was + 被强调的部分 + that ( who, which ) + 句子的其他部分,
2. What … is / was …这种句式就称为强调句。强调句主要有两种形式：

1. It is/was + 被强调的部分 + that(who,which) + 句子的其他部分
下面我们以两个句子为例来演示强调句的构成。如：

1）Western health-care system are spending huge sums of money on the surgical treatment
主语 宾语 of the disease.状语
西方国家医疗保健机构在心脏病的手术治疗上开支巨大。
强调主语
It is Western health-care system that (which) are spending huge sums of money on the surgical treatment of the disease. 正是西方国家医疗保健机构，在心脏病的手术治疗上开支巨大。
强调宾语
It is huge sums of money that ( which ) Western health-care system are spending on the surgical treatment of the disease. 西方国家医疗保健机构在心脏病的手术治疗上，开支确实是巨大的。
强调状语
It is on the surgical treatment of the disease that Western health-care system are spending huge sums of money.西方国家医疗保健机构，就是在心脏病的手术治疗上付出了巨大的开支。

2）Ann Peters’ husband rushed her to a nearby hospital last night.
主语 宾语 状语
昨晚，安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去附近医院。
强调主语
It was Ann Peters' husband that (who) rushed her to a nearby hospital last night.昨晚，正是安妮.彼德的丈夫，立即送她去了附近医院。
强调宾语
It was her (she) that (who) Ann Peters' husband rushed to a nearby hospital last night.昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送的是她，去附近医院。
强调状语
It was to a nearby hospital that Ann Peters' husband rushed her last night.昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去的就是一家附近的医院。
强调状语
It was last night that Ann Peters' husband rushed her to a nearby hospital.就是在昨晚，安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去附近医院。
要点提示：
1）当原句叙述的是现在或者将来发生的事情用"It is … that…"的句式（如例句1）；当原句叙述的是过去发生的事情则用"It was … that… " 的句式（如例句2）。
2在这种强调句式中，一般用that引出句子的其他部分。如果被强调的部分是表示人的意义的名词时，可以用who代替that引出句子的其他部分；如果被强调的部分是表示事物意义的名词时，可以用which代替that引出句子的其他部分。但是，无论被强调的部分是表示地点、还是表示时间意义的名词，都不可以用where 或者when 。例如：
It is that man who (that) is teaching our English.（就是那个人教我们英语。）
It was my telephone number which (that) Miss White happened to know.

It is in front of the religious leader that the bride and groom stand together to be married.
3）如果被强调的部分是人称代词，应该用该人称代词的主格形式；在口语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式。
It was she (her) who told the police.就是她报告警察的。
It was you who we were talking about.我们刚刚谈论的就是你。
3）没有强调句子谓语的强调句，但有其通常的强调手段：do / does / did + 动词原形 。例如：

I do believe that he is an honest man. 我的确相信他是老实人。
She does like literature. 她确实喜欢文学。
They did go to see you yesterday, but failed to meet you. 他
4）What … is / was …
"What … is / was …"是名词从句结构，也是强调句的另一种构成形式。它常用来强调主语、宾语。如果所叙述的是现在或者将来发生的事情用"What is … that…"的句式；如果所叙述的是过去发生的事情用"What was … that…"的句式。例如：
What he wishes most is to become a pilot.（强调宾语）
What interested me most in that movie was the beautiful scenery of Alps. （强调主语）
What I like is her speaking manner. （强调宾语） 我喜欢的是她说话的风度。
What encouraged us was the example he set for us. （强调主语）给予我们鼓励的是他为我们树立的榜样。