备战中考总复习专题：《英语》总复习专题(三).docx

备战中考英语总复习专题(三)简单句专项讲练简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。简单 句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四种。一、陈述句用来陈述一件事或发达一种看法，有肯定和否定两种形式。句末用句 号，读时用降调。1 .陈述句肯定式：主语+谓语+其他。I go to school every day. Last week we started our trip.2 .陈述句否定式：句中含be/助V./情态V.在其后加note.g.She isnt a nurse. They arent having a party.句中含有实义动词，在其前加dont (doesnt, didnt)e.g.I didnt find English difficult at first. Sorry, I dont know much about him.He doesnt like American movies very much.除了 not夕卜，其他否定词也可以构成否定句：用no, little, nobody, nothing, neither.nor, none of, never, seldom, hardly(ever)等否定意义的词，也可构成陈述句的否定式：但需注意用这些词不能再用notee.g.There is nothing serious with his leg. He knows little about what will happen.二、疑问句用来提问的句子叫疑问句，句末用问号。疑问句主要有四种：一般 疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。1. 一般疑问句：一般疑问句是以be动词(am/is/are),助动词(do/does/did),情态动 词(can/may/must/will/shall.)开头。朗读时，一般用升调。 一般疑问句的构成Be/Do/Does/Did/情态V.+主语+.? 一般疑问句的回答 一般要求用Yes或No来回答；有时，也可用其他表示 肯定或否定的词或相应的结构来回答，如：certainly, sure, of course, all right, I think so, never, sorry, not at all, Im afraid not 等。e.g.Do you want to study English?Yes, I do. (Certainly.或 Of course.)一No, I dont. (Certainly not.或 Not at all.) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句是以疑问代词(who, whom, what, which, whose)疑问 副词(when, where, how, why)开头。朗读时，一般用降调。特殊疑问句的构成 一般情况下，特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 若疑问代词是问句的主语或“which/whose+名词”为问句的主语，这个问 句就用正常的陈述句语序。例如：Who is your teacher? Whose shirt is this? Which team won the championship? 若疑问词提问介词的宾语，这个特殊疑问句就可以有两种情况：e.g.To whom did you give the letter? Whom (Who) did you give the letter to?3 .选择疑问句选择疑问句是要求从所提出的两个或多个项目中选择一个答案。朗读时，or前面 用升调，or后面用降调。选择问句有两种类型：类似一般疑问句的类型：e.g.Is it right or wrong? Do you want to go by bus or by train?Do you want the wall painted yellow, white or green?类似特殊疑问句的类型：e.g.Which coffee would you like, black or white?注：选择的项目可以用不同的方式提出，即所表达的意思一样而表达的方式可以不同。例如：e.g.Is it right or wrong? Is it right or not? Is it or isnt it right?三、祈毒句 ： J祈使句的用法祈使句通常被用于表命令、请求、禁止、邀请等语气。e.g.Speak a little more slowly, please!（表请求）Get out!（表命令）Dont play football on the road!（表禁止）Be careful! Its dangerous.（表警告） Have another moon cake, please.（表邀请）表条件，常用于“祈使句+and / or +陈述句”句型中。e.g.Take more exercise and youll feel healthy. Hurry up! Or youll be late.1. 祈使句的表达形式肯定式：“do型”和“be型”它们的主语通常是第二人称（you）,习惯上常 省去。e.g.Do it like this.Be quiet, boys and girls. Let Lin Tao clean the room. 注：有时为加强语气，可以在动词前加上Do,表示”务必，一定”。 否定式： Dont + do Lefs not do.e.g.Dont let Lin Tao clean.Lets not begin our class.注：Lefs构成的祈使句并不是Let us的省略形式，它们属于两种不同形式的祈使 句。变反意疑问句时 Lets., shall we? Let us., will you? “No型”这类祈使句结构为“No + V.ing”，它通常用于公共场所禁止、警告 的提示语，表示“禁止做某事”。e.g.No parking!不准停车！No smoking, please!请勿吸烟！有时在口语中，为了表达简洁，直接用名词或代词引起一个祈使句。e.g. （Wait） One moment, please!请稍等！（Hold） Hand up!举起手!（Take） This way, please.这边请。突破训练一、单项选择：1. 一You lent me some money a few months ago.()D.Do you()D.How long()? I dont remember lending you any money.A.Did IB.Did youC.Do I一is it from here to Yancheng Railway Station?About two kilometers.A.How oftenB.How farC.How soon Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine?A.Yes, a dictionaryB.No, a magazineC.A dictionaryD.Yes, both一do you like Chinese food?()Very much.A.WhatB.WhyC.HowD.For whatTom,afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a small boy, saidMum.()D.dont beD.How muchD.WhatD.WhatA.not beB.not to beC.be notis your telephone number?()865-2738.A.HowB.WhatC.How manydid you like the trip to Hainan?()It was wonderful.A.WhenB.HowC. Whereis this machine for? ()A.HowB.WhyC.WhichIfs a secret between us.Dont tell anybody.()A.I doB.I dontC.I w川D.I wontBe, and you will do well in the English exam.()A.carefulB.politeC.sureD.friendly二.用适当的特殊疑f可词填空：1. 一schoolbag is this?I guess its Lilys.2. 一is her daughter?一The girl on the right wearing the blue jeans.3. is your father?He is very well.4. 一are his brothers?One is a doctor, the other is a teacher.5. will the supper be ready? Im very hungry.一In a minute.6. did you buy for your mom for mothers day?Some flowers.7. did you see a cat run from the back of the door?一As soon as I entered the room.8. would you like better, tea or coffee?I like tea.