2014高考英语一轮-语法专题8-倒装句01-译林牛津版.doc

2014高考英语译林牛津一轮语法专题（8）（倒装句01）
语法专题八　倒装句
高考预练
1、John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told
答案：D.
考点：考查虚拟语气。
句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。
解析：前一句是陈述语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had +过去分词。
2、—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
—OK, you want.
A．whichever B．however
C．whatever D．whoever
答案：C
解析：本题考查引导词。句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。
3、Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up
weakening of the human body.
A．a; / B．/; the
C．a; the D．/; /
答案：B
解析：本题考查冠词。句意：许多生活方式对人类的健康有害，他们加速了人类身体的衰退。本题考查冠词，对……有害用短语“do harm to”表示，中间无需冠词；之后的weakening是由动词的ing形式表示抽象的名词，表达一种概念、状况时需要加上the。
4、The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A．whom B．which
C．them D．those
答案：A
解析：本题考查定语从句引导词。由many之后的逗号和选项特征，此处是主从句关系，排除C、D项。由于先行词是“1,000 people”，表示人，故用whom。句意为：这里居住着将近1000人，他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。

5、The majority of people in the town strongly the plan to build a playground for children.
A．consider B．support
C．confirm D．submit
答案：B
解析：本题考查动词辨析。分析四个选项的意思：consider考虑，思考，认为等；support支持，拥护，维持；confirm证实，确认；submit使屈服，使经受。根据语境：镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。
6、If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall.
A．eat B．would eat
C．have eaten D．will be eating
答案D
解析：本题考查条件句的时态。根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择will be eating表将来。

7、I have been convinced that the print media are usually more and more reliable than television.
A．accurate B．ridiculous
C．urgent D．shallow
答案：A
解析：本题考查形容词辨析。分析四个选项的意思：accurate 精确的；ridiculous可笑的，滑稽的；urgent紧急的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。根据句意：我确信印刷媒体常常会比电视更准确、更可靠。

8、I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just .
A．by nature B．in return
C．in case D．by chance
答案：C
解析：本题考查介词短语。分析四个选项的意思：by nature 天生地；in return作为回报，作为交换；in case 万一，以防；by chance偶然地。根据句意：我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事，但是以防万一，我再问你一次。

9、The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health.
A．being carried out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
答案：C
解析：本题考查if条件句中的省略情况。本句的句子的主语是the experiment；谓语动词是shows；that引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主干事：proper amounts of exercise can improve our health，if_____ regularly是插入的条件从句，从句的主语是proper amounts of exercise，此时应用it代替前面提到的主语，条件句的主语与主句的主语一致，并且含有is，故省略了it is，完整形式是：if it is carried out。句意为：这项实验表明，适当的运动，如果有规律的进行，能够有助于我们的身体健康。
10、It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A．that B．what
C．how D．whether
答案：B
解析：本题考查主语从句的引导词。根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物，但是，它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是“副作用”，还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what，形容词“什么样的”，起修饰作用。

谓语动词放在主语之前的语法现象称为倒装。倒装可分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种。完全倒装是指整个谓语置于主语之前，而部分倒装是指将助动词、情态动词或be动词等置于主语之前。
考点一　完全倒装
1．表示方位的副词（如：there，here，up， down，out，in，away等）位于句首，句子谓语是go，come，run等不及物动词，可将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。但主语是人称代词时，不倒装。
There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made.
Here he comes.
2．当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时，也常常用全部倒装。
South of the city lies a factory.
3．表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。
1）形容词＋连系动词＋主语
Present at the meeting were some experts.
2）过去分词＋连系动词＋主语
Gone are the days when they walked to work.
3）介词短语＋be＋主语
Among the goods are flowers，candles and toys.
考点二　部分倒装
1．句子以never，seldom，rarely，little，hardly，scarcely等否定意义的副词以及by no means，not until，not a word，not a single，on no condition，in no case等否定意义的词组开头，要用部分倒装语序。
Never will he come back to the factory.
In no case will he give it up.
2．当句子用so，nor，neither开头，说明前面一句话中的情况也适用于另外一些人或物时，主语和谓语部分倒装，其常见句型是：so/neither/nor＋be（have/do等助动词或情态动词）＋主语。
Tom likes English，and so do I.
3．在so/such...that引导的结果状语从句中，当为了强调，把so/such提到句首时，主谓要倒装。
So moved was she that she could not say a word.
4．as/though引导让步状语从句时句子要用倒装语序，即要将从句中的表语、状语或从句中的动词提到as/though的前面。在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的单数可数名词前不用任何冠词。
Try as she might，she couldn't open the door.
Child as he is，he knows a lot.
5．在省略if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should要提到句首构成倒装。
Had you come a few minutes earlier，you would have seen him.
6．当only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，采用部分倒装形式。要注意only＋主语放句首时不倒装。
Only in this way can you learn English well.
Only you can help me.
7．用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
May you succeed!
8．neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列分句时，这两个分句都要用倒装形式。
Neither do I know it，nor do I care about it.

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