1、中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳 中考英语对形容词和副词考查非常广泛,既也许考查形容词和副词用法区别,也也许考查相似形容词和副词用法辨析;既也许考查比较级别构成与用法,也也许考查比较级别搭配与修饰词;既也许从语法角度考查其用法,也也许设立特定语境进行考查。因而,同窗们在复习时,一定要引起足够注重。 一、考查形容词词缀构成 【真题链接】 用所给单词恰当形式填空。1. (荆州卷)Im busy these days. Hanging out with friends is almost (possible)for me now. 2. (长春卷)The seat is hard and (comfor
2、table) to sit on,so I have a sore back. 3. (上海卷)Be (care) not to touch the paintings in the museum. Mum said. 4. (扬州卷)We are sorry to hear that you are not (satisfy) with your new car. 【解析】 1. impossible。句意为:这些天我很忙。和朋友出去闲逛对我来说几乎是不也许。依照句意可知,空格处应填possible反义词impossible 。 2. uncomfortable。句意为:这个座位很硬并且坐在
3、上面不舒服,因此我背痛。依照句意可知,空格处应填comfortable反义词uncomfortable。 3. careful。依照语境可知,空格处应填形容词,care是名词,其形容词形式是careful。 4. satisfied。 be satisfied with意为“对感到满意”,satisfy形容词形式为satisfied。 【知识链接】中考对形容词词缀考查重要涉及: 表达否定意义形容词前缀有un-,im-,in-,ir-,dis-等。如:necessary-unnecessary;polite-impolite; correct-incorrect; regular-irregul
4、ar;honest-dishonest。 表达必定意义形容词后缀有-ful,-al,-y,-able,-ed等。如:help-helpful;nature-natural;health-healthy;comfort-comfortable;worry-worried。 表达否定意义形容词后缀有-less等。如:use-useless;end-endless。 二、考查形容词和形容词短语辨析 (一)各个选项词义不同 【真题链接】 1. (安徽卷)My deskmate is really .She likes to attend different activities after schoo
5、l. A. active B. quiet C. lazy D. honest2. (德州卷)As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test,I felt at once.A. angry B. relaxed C. afraid D. nervous 【解析】 1. A。句意为:我同桌真活跃,放学后她喜欢参加不同活动。active意为“积极,活跃”,符合语境。 2. B。依照语境可知,主句意为:我及时感到很放松,relaxed意为“放松,得到休息,自在”,符合语境。 【应试技巧】 分析题干时,注意各个选项不同词义,同步结合
6、题干详细语境,从而选出最佳答案。 (二)各个选项为近义词 【真题链接】 3. (自贡卷)When you feel helpless and ,just remember you are not in the world because your friends are around you. A. alone;alone B. alone;lonely C. lonely;alone 【解析】 3. C。 alone可用作形容词,意为“独自,单独”,只能作表语,强调客观上仅一人,无人陪伴;alone也可用作副词,意为“独自地,单独地”,常作状语。lonely只作形容词,意为“孤单,寂寞”,强
7、调心灵上孤单寂寞,在句中既可作定语,也可作表语。lonely作定语还可以修饰地点名词,意为“荒芜,偏僻”。本题两个空均作表语,第一空强调主观状况,而第二空强调客观状况。故选C。 【应试技巧】 对于考查近义形容词,咱们既要掌握有关近义词区别,又要把近义词区别与题干语境和在空格处作用紧密结合起来。 (三)分词形容词辨析 【真题链接】 4. (恩施卷)The show on Zhejiang TV,Running Men,makes lots of people . A. interesting;relaxingB. interesting;relaxed C. interested;relaxed
8、 【解析】 4. B。句意为:浙江电视台播放有趣节目奔跑吧兄弟,让许多人感到轻松。第一空应填interesting,意为“有趣”,在句中作表语,第二空应填relaxed,意为“感到放松”,在句中作宾语补足语。故选B。 【知识链接】 分词形容词指是V-ing或过去分词构成形容词。V-ing类形容词惯用来描述事物自身特性,主语普通是物;过去分词构成形容词惯用来描述人对事物感受,主语普通是人。如:amazing“令人惊异”,amazed“惊奇,吃惊”;boring无聊,烦人”,bored“令人厌烦”;interesting“有趣”,interested“感兴趣”;pleasing“令人高兴”,ple
9、ased“高兴”;relaxing“令人放松”,relaxed“放松”;satisfying“令人满意”,satisfied“满意”;surprising“令人惊讶”,surprised“惊讶”;tiring“令人厌倦”,tired“疲劳”;worrying“令人紧张”,worried“紧张”。 (四)形容词短语辨析 【真题链接】5. (烟台卷)Many teenagers dont like to talk with their parents. But I am them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents. A. the
10、same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with 6. (德州卷)Who is your favorite singer,Mike? TF Boys. They are very boys and girls. A. proud of B. popular with C. strict with D. worried about 【解析】 5. B。依照语境可知“但是我与她们不同”,先后句意思转折,故空格处应填different from,符合题意。 6. B。句意为:迈克,你最喜欢歌手是谁?是TF Boys。她们非常受男孩和女孩
11、欢迎。be popular with意为“受欢迎”,符合题意。 【知识链接】 惯用形容词短语有:be / get used to“习惯于”;be afraid of“胆怯”;be bad for“对有害”;be busy with“忙于”;be different from“与不同,与有差别”;be excited about“对感到兴奋”;be famous / known as“作为而知名,以而出名”;be good at“在方面做得好,擅长” ;be good for“对有益”;be good with“机灵,善于应付”;be interested in“对感兴趣”;be late fo
12、r“迟到”;be made from“用制造(从成品中看不出原材料)” ;be made of“用制造(从成品中仍可看得出原材料)” ;be proud of“为感到自豪”;be strict in sth.“对某事很严格”;be strict with sb.“对某人严格”;be worried about“对紧张”等。 三、考查副词构成 【真题链接】 用所给单词恰当形式填空。 1. (临沂卷)There are ways to stay healthy when seasons change. You should wash your hands (careful),exercise,ea
13、t and sleep well. 2. (泰州卷)I m sorry I (complete) forgot that it was your birthday yesterday. Never mind. 3. (长春卷)The math problem isnt difficult,and I can work it out (easy). 【解析】 1. carefully。句意为:你应当认真地洗手、锻炼、饮食和好好休息。空格处要用副词修饰wash ones hand,在句中作状语,careful副词形式为carefully。 2. completely。句意为:很抱歉,我完全忘掉了昨
14、天是你生日。空格处要用副词修饰背面动词forgot,complete副词形式为completely。 3. easily。句意为:这道数学题不难,我能毫不费力地解出来。空格处要用副词修饰work out,在句中作状语,easy副词形式为easily。 【知识链接】 形容词加后缀-ly构成副词,分如下几种状况: 大多数词直接在词尾加-ly。如:quiet-quietly。 令以-1e结尾,去e加-y。如:comfortable-omfortably;以e结尾直接加-1y,如:close-closely,但true-truly除外。 以辅音字母加y结尾要将y改为i,再加-1y。如:easy-eas
15、ily。 【温馨提示】 某些具有-1y后缀是形容词,如:friendly(和谐,友爱),lonely(孤单,寂寞),likely(也许),lovely(可爱,美丽,迷人), lively(活泼,气愤勃勃),ugly(丑陋,难看)等。 四、考查副词辨析 【真题链接】 1. (安徽卷)There are many beautiful places to visit in Anhui, Mount Huang in autumn. A. simply B. finally C. luckily D. especially 2. (泰安卷)It rained and lasted for a long
16、 time yesterday. Too bad!Even some streets were full of water. A. hardly B. strongly C. terrible D. heavily 3. (南京卷)Would you like some green tea? No,thanks. I drink green tea. It hurts my stomach. A. almost B. seldom C. only D. still 4. (江西卷)Sleeping is a good thing,but some people sleep . A. easil
17、y B. badly C. quickly D. well 5. (重庆A卷)Well have to say goodbye,my dear friends!But I will forget the days we spent together. A. always B. often C. never D. usually6. (常州卷)The coach thinks of Marys sports talents,for she jumped very at the sports meeting. A. high;high B. highly;highly C. high;highly
18、 D. highly;high 【解析】 1.D。句意为:在安徽有许多美丽地方值得一游,特别是秋天黄山。especially意为“特别地”,符合语境。 2. D。句意为:昨天雨下得很大,并且持续了很长时间。太糟糕了!甚至某些街道上都是水。heavily意为“剧烈地”,符合语境。 3. B。句意为:你想要某些绿茶吗?不用,谢谢。我很少喝绿茶。它伤胃。seldom意为“很少”,符合语境。 4. B。句意为:睡眠是一件较好事,但是某些人睡觉很糟糕。badly意为“糟糕地”,符合语境。 5. C。后句句意为:但是我不会忘掉咱们一起度过日子。never意为“从不”,符合语境。 6. D o high“高
19、”,既可作形容词,也可作副词,表达详细意义;highly只作副词,意为“高度地”,表抽象意义。think highly of意为“高度地赞扬”,第二句中“她跳得非常高”,表达详细高,用副词high。故选D。 五、考查形容词与副词辨析 【真题链接】 1. (青岛卷) ,we saw the sun rise on top of Mount Tai. A. Lucky B. Luckily C. Unlucky D. Unluckily 2. (呼和浩特卷)What do you think of the woman singer? Her voice sounds . I like her so
20、ngs. A. sweet B. sweetly C. bad D. badly 3. (凉山卷)The fish tastes ,we have eaten it up. It is certain that she cooked it . A. good;well B. well;good C. well;well D. good;good 【解析】 1. B。句意为:幸运是,咱们在泰山山顶看到了日出。空格处在句中作状语,结合语境可知,Luckily符合题意。 2.A。句意为:她声音(听起来)很甜美,我喜欢她歌曲。系动词sounds之后需要接形容词作表语,结合语境可知,sweet符合题意。
21、 3. A。句意为:这鱼尝起来较好,咱们把它吃光了。毫无疑问是她做得好。taste作系动词,后常跟形容词作表语;修饰动词cook要用副词well,在句中作状语。综上所述,选A。 【应试技巧】 答题时,咱们应当一方面分析空格处在句中所作成分,然后把选项词义与题干语境结合起来,从而拟定最佳答案。 六、考查形容词与副词在句中位置 【真题链接】 1. (长沙卷)There s in the city. Why not have a picnic in the countryside? Great. Daweishan Mountain might be a good choice. A. intere
22、sting something B. nothing interesting C. anything interesting 2. (龙东卷)All the students in the classroom do their homework . A. enough careful B. careful enough C. carefully enough 【解析】 1. B。形容词修饰复合不定代词时要后置,可排除A项。根据“Why not have a picnic in the countryside?”可知,前句意思应为:在这个都市里没有什么有趣,故选B。 2. C。句意为:这个班上所
23、有学生做家庭作业都足够认真。修饰do ones homework要用副词carefully,enough修饰carefully要后置,故选C。 【知识链接】 形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-和-body,-one,-thing所构成不定代词时要放在其后。 enough用作副词时,普通要放在所修饰形容词或副词背面。“形容词/副词+enough + to do sth.”为固定构造。 七、考查形容词和副词原级惯用句式 【真题链接】 1. (宿迁卷)Daniel is his twin brother. They are both 1.75 metres tall. A. ta
24、ller than B. shorter than C. as tall as D. so tall as 2. (鄂州卷)Did John get Number 1 in the math exam? 一Yes,no one did so as him. A. good B. well C. better D. best 3. (连云港卷)It s really him to drive after drinking so much wine. A. crazy of B. gentle of C. brave for D. wise for 4. (安顺卷)Mom,can I do muc
25、h work in a short time? Dear,I think you can. A. so;so B. such;so C. so;such D. such;such 5. (扬州卷)Mrs. White is enough to spend her spare time on our maths problems. A. confident B. curious C. wise D. generous 6. (泰安卷)一 exciting the speech about Belt and Road was! Of course!It was a really great ins
26、piration to the world. A. How B. What C. How a D. What an 【解析】 1. C。依照后句“她们都是1.75米高”可知,前句句意为:丹尼尔和她双胞胎兄弟同样高,C项与题意相符。 2. B。句意为:约翰在数学考试中得了第一名吗?是,没人做得和她同样好。此处修饰动词did,要用副词,又由于“not as / so +形容词或副词原级+as.”为固定句式,故空格处应填副词原级。 3. A。句意为:对她来说,喝了那么多酒后开车是发疯。crazy意为“发疯”,用来描述她品质,符合语境。 4. C。句意为:妈妈,我能在这样短时间内做这样多工作吗?亲爱,
27、我以为你能。so“这样;如此”,惯用于形容词和副词之前;such“这样;如此”,惯用于名词之前,可数名词前加a或an,依照句意第一空在much前用so,第二空在time名词前用such。故选C。 5. D。句意为:怀特夫人很慷慨,把她空闲时间都花在咱们数学问题上。generous意为“慷慨,大方”,符合语境。 6. A。依照句式“How十形容词或副词+主语+谓语!”可知,How符合题意。 【知识链接】 形容词和副词原级惯用句式: Its+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.“做某事对某人来说”(形容词描述事物特性或特点,如easy,hard,difficult,important,ne
28、cessary,impossible,interesting等) Its+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.“某人做某事是”(形容词描述是不定式逻辑主语品质或特性,如good,kind,nice,wise,clever,careful,polite,foolish等) too. to.“太而不能” 形容词或副词十enough + to do sth. so+形容词或副词+that十其她 such (+ a / an)+形容词+名词+that +其她 cant+其她+too+形容词或副词“无论如何都不为过” as+形容词或副词原级+as“和同样” not as / so+形容词或副词原级
29、+as+比较对象(表达前者不如后者) What (+ a / an)+形容词十名词+主语+谓语! How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语! How+形容词+a/an+可数名词+主语+谓语! 八、考查形容词和副词比较级 (一)在详细语境中考查比较级 【真题链接】 1. (安徽卷)What do you think of the movie? Great!I have never seen a one. A. good B. bad C. better D. worse 2. (德州卷)Ive read through this book several times,but I will read it
30、 so as to get better understanding. A. more bravely B. less easily C. less confidently D. more carefully 【解析】 1. C。依照语境“太棒了!我从来没见过比这更好了”可知,better与题意相符。 2. D。依照语境“以便获得更好理解”可知,空格处应填more carefully“更加仔细地”,与题意相符。 【应试技巧】 对于在语境中考查比较级,分析语境和空格处与否暗含比较语调是精确答题核心。 (二)在惯用句式中考查比较级 【真题链接】 1. (长春卷)I hope my school l
31、ife of senior high will be than that of juniorhigh. A. more exciting B. very exciting C. as exciting as D. the most exciting 2. (永州卷)Which subject do you like ,English or math? Of course English. A. well B. better C. best 3. (达州卷)Roy never likes junk food. Neither do I. Thats probably why Im becomin
32、g now. A. healthy and weak B. healthier and healthier C. weaker and weaker D. more and more healthily 4. (青岛卷) we work at English,the better grades we will get. A. Harder B. The hardest C. Hardest D. The harder 5. (杭州卷)Of the two shirts,Id like to choose the one to save money for a cap. A. cheapest
33、B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive 【解析】 1.A。依照than可知空格处应用比较级。 2. B。问句句式为“Which+谓语+比较级,A or B?”,故选B。 3. B。becoming后接形容词,由此可排除D项;此外该句句式为“比较级+and+比较级”,结合语境可知,B项符合题意。 4. D。句意为:咱们学习英语越刻苦,就会获得越好成绩。the+比较级+”是比较级常用句式,表达“越,就越”。 5. B。题干为句式“the+形容词比较级(+其她)+of the two+名词”省略形式,因而cheaper符合题意。 【知识链接】 比
34、较级惯用句式: 形容词或副词比较级+than+其她“比更” less+原级+than“比更不;不如” 比较级+than + any other+单数名词+其她 比较级+than+any+单数名词+其她(不在同一范畴内比较); Which/Who+谓语+比较级,A or B?“A和B,哪一种更?”; 比较级+and+比较级“越来越”; the+比较级(+主语+谓语),the+比较级(+主语+谓语)“越就越”; the+形容词比较级(+其她)+ of the two+名词“两者中较一种”。 九、考查形容词和副词最高档 (一)在语境中考查形容词和副词最高档 【真题链接】 1. (江西卷)I want
35、 to buy a shirt. But I have a little money. The shirts here are all very cheap. And the yellow one is . Do you like it?A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheapest D. expensive 2. (巴中卷)This is fascinating town I have ever visited. Yes,Ive never seen a one. A. the worst;bigger B. the most;better C. the better
36、;best 【解析】 1. C。依照语境“这儿衬衫都很便宜。这件黄色是最便宜,你喜欢它吗?”可知,空白处应填形容词最高档形式。 2. B。句意为:这是我参观过最迷人城乡。是,我从没看到过比这更好。第一空要用最高档,可排除C项;否定词与比较级连用可表达最高档含义,第二空用比较级。另依照题意,故选B。 【应试技巧】 当三者或三者以上人或事物进行比较时才使用最高档,这是判断与否应当使用最高档根据。 (二)在句式中考查形容词和副词最高档 【真题链接】 1. (临沂卷)Mr. Wang is very friendly to us. He is of all the persons I know. A.
37、 patient B. less patient C. more patient D. the most patient 2. (广安卷)Who does homework ,Tom,Jack or Bill? Bill. A. more carefully B. more careful C. most carefully D. most careful 3. (乌鲁木齐卷)Do you think Peng Mama is one of first ladies in the world? Yes,she is more attractive than any other first la
38、dy. A. the most fascinating;a few B. the fascinating;a lot C. the most fascinating;even D. most fascinating;many 【解析】 1.D。句意为:她是我结识最有耐心人。空格处应用最高档。 2. C。Who+谓语+(the)+最高档,A,B or C?为固定句式,意为“A,B,C三者,哪一种最”。选C。 3.C。句意:你以为彭妈妈是世界上最迷人第一夫人吗?是,她甚至比其她所有第一夫人都更有吸引力。“one of+形容词最高档+复数名词”意为“最之一”;此外,a lot和even可修饰形容词比
39、较级,但a few和many却不能。综上所述,选C。 【知识链接】 最高档惯用构造: (the)+最高档+in / of / among+比较范畴; Who / Which+谓语+(the)+最高档,A,B or C?“A,B,C三者,哪一种最”; be one of / among+the+形容词最高档+复数名词“最之一”。 十、考查形容词和副词比较级别修饰语 【真题链接】 1. (重庆A卷)Jane has become much than before. She can express herself in public now. A. brave B. braver C. lazy D
40、. lazier 2. (广东卷)Among the four seas off the coast of China,East China Sea is the second . A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest 【解析】 1. B。 much修饰比较级,可排除A,C项。依照语境可知前句意为:简已经变得比此前更加勇敢,空格处应填braver。 2. C。句意为:在中华人民共和国四大海洋中,东海是第二深海洋。the second惯用于修饰形容词最高档,表达“第二”,故选C。 【知识链接】 惯用于修饰比较级词或短语有:a bit,a little,a lot,any,even,far,much,no,rather等。 惯用于修饰最高档词或短语有:almost,the second等。如:Of all the students,Bettys Chines
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