综合教程4-UNIT-2-LANGUAGE-WORK市公开课一等奖百校联赛优质课金奖名师赛课获奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,Unit 2 Space invaders,Language work,1/43,snake:,v,.,(,CET4 TEM4),move in a twisting way,蜿蜒行进文学性,Detailed reading1,snake,e.g.,The train was snaking its way through the mountains.,The road snaked through forested mountains.,这条路蜿蜒穿过树林覆盖群山。,Detailed reading,Synonym:,meander,2/43,inch:,v.,(,CET4 TEM4,)move very slowly and carefully,迟缓地移动;使迟缓地移动,Detailed reading1,inch,Detailed reading,e.g.,Howard inched forward in the crowd.,He inched his way through the narrow passage.,.a climber inching up a vertical wall of rock.,一个沿着陡峭岩壁迟缓往上攀登人。,He inched the van forward.他驾着厢式货车缓缓前行。,3/43,Detailed reading1-,in mild annoyance,in mild annoyance:,with a little anger or impatience,mild,:,a,.,not very great in degree,e.g.,We looked at each other in mild astonishment.,Detailed reading,Synonym:,slight,4/43,Detailed reading1-,sidle,sidle:,v.,(,TEM8,)walk in a timid manner,esp.sideways or obliquely,1.侧移，侧身而行 2.偷偷地走动：,Detailed reading,e.g.,A man sidled up to me and asked if I wanted a ticket for the match.,5/43,Detailed reading1-,scribble,scribble:,TEM4,1),v,.,write or draw(sth.)carelessly or hurriedly,草草地写,e.g.,He scribbled a note to his sister before leaving.,She scribbled down her phone number and pushed it into his hand.,Throughout the interview,the journalists scribbled away furiously.,Detailed reading,Synonym:,scrawl,2),n.,U,sing.,careless and untidy writing,潦草字迹;胡乱涂画,e.g.,How do you expect me to read this scribble?,Im sorry what I wrote was such a scribble.,很抱歉我写东西太潦草了。,6/43,Detailed reading1-,shuffle,shuffle:,v.,(,TEM8,),walk by dragging ones feet along or without lifting them fully from the ground,拖着脚走,Detailed reading,e.g.,He slipped on his shoes and shuffled out of the room.,A fat woman was shuffling along with a pushchair.,Collocations:,shuffle sth.off:avoid talking or thinking about sth.because it is not considered important,推卸；摆脱,shuffle out of sth.:try to avoid some unpleasant task by acting dishonestly,e.g.,He shuffled the question off and changed the topic.,e.g.,I mistrust the way in which they shuffle out of sustained efforts.,He is able to,shuffle out of,the difficulty.,他能狡猾地摆脱困境。,7/43,Detailed reading1-,Slinky,Slinky:,n.,A Slinky(“灵巧鬼”，一个用软弹簧做成会翻跟头玩具)is a coil-shaped spring invented by mechanical engineer Richard James in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania.Slinkys come in various sizes and shapes.They can“walk”down stairs as the coils stretch and reform as gravity moves them down each step,the springs momentum causing it to spill end over end from one step to the next.,Detailed reading,8/43,Detailed reading2-,ring,ring:,n,.,a quality,or an impression of having the quality,that is mentioned 感觉,e.g.,Her story had a ring of truth about it.,The books he mentioned had a familiar ring about them.=（it seems familiar）,Detailed reading,9/43,gratifying:,a,.,(,TEM8,),giving pleasure or satisfaction,令人满意,Detailed reading2,gratifying,e.g.,The new plan may be gratifying to the President.,Detailed reading,Derivations:,gratify v.;gratification n.,V-TIf you,are gratified,by something,it gives you pleasure or satisfaction.,使高兴;使满意正式,Mr.Dambar was gratified by his response.,他回复使丹巴尔先生感到满意。,We took a chance and weve won.Its very gratifying.,我们碰了碰运气而且赢了。这真令人高兴,。,.V-TIf you,gratify,your own or another persons desire,you do what is necessary to please yourself or them.,满足(愿望)正式,We gratified our friends curiosity.我们满足了朋友好奇心,。,4.GratificationN-UNCOUNT满足,10/43,penetrate CET4,1.V-T If something or someone,penetrates,a physical object or an area,they succeed in getting into it or passing through it.进入;穿透,X-rays can penetrate many objects.,X射线能穿透很多物体。,They penetrated into the territory where no man had ever gone before.The suns radiation penetrates the skin.,The thick walls prevented penetration by debris from the hurricane.,一堵堵厚墙阻挡了飓风带来碎片穿透。,penetration N-UNCOUNT 进入;穿透,2.V-T If someone,penetrates,an organization,a group,or a profession,they succeed in entering it although it is difficult to do so.(排除困难)进入,.the continuing failure of women to penetrate the higher levels of engineering.,女性跻身工程业较高层级连续失败。,11/43,3.V-T If someone,penetrates,an enemy group or a rival organization,they succeed in joining it in order to get information or cause trouble.打入(敌对组织),The CIA had requested our help to penetrate a drug ring operating out of Munich.,中情局曾要求我们帮助打入在慕尼黑外活动一个贩毒团伙,。,4.V-T If a company or country,penetrates,a market or area,they succeed in selling their products there.打入(某市场或地域)商业,12/43,Detailed reading3,wedge,The people sitting close to me wedged me into the corner.,Open the door wide and wedge it with a pad of newspaper.,Wedge the plug into the hole.把塞子塞进洞里。,e.g.,Detailed reading,wedge:,v.,CET6 TEM8,force into a narrow space;fix sth.in position by using a wedge or sth.else,将塞入,13/43,Detailed reading3,zigzag,Detailed reading,zigzag,:CET6 TEM4,We zigzagged up the hill.,The narrow path zigzags up the cliff.,e.g.,1),v,.,move forward by going at an angle first to one side,then to the other,作之字形前移,2),n,.,a line or pattern that looks like a series of letter,Ws as it bends to the left and then to the right again,The path descended the hill in zigzags.,e.g.,3),a,.,only before noun,a zigzag line/path/pattern,e.g.,14/43,jostle,/dsl/TEM8,1.V-T/V-I If people,jostle,you,they bump against you or push you in a way that annoys you,usually because you are in a crowd and they are trying to get past you.,推搡;推挤,You get 2,000 people jostling each other and bumping into furniture.,你令人相互推搡并撞倒家俱,。We spent an hour jostling with the crowds as we did our shopping.,我们花了一个小时在人群中挤来挤去买东西。,2.V-I If people or things,are jostling for,something such as attention or a reward,they are,competing with other people or things in order to get it.争夺.the contenders who have been jostling for the top job.,一直在争夺最高职位竞争者们,15/43,Detailed reading3,carve out,Detailed reading,carve out,:,establish or create sth.through painstaking,effort,With months of strenuous work,the artist carved out a flower of ivory.,Years of failures and setbacks have taught him and carved out a career for him.,e.g.,16/43,Detailed reading3,press,Detailed reading,press:,v.,CET4,push,move,or make(ones way)strongly,esp.in a crowd,推;挤,He pressed his way through the crowd.,So many people pressed round the famous actress that she couldnt get to her car.,e.g.,Translation:,人群挤在她身边，争着要她署名。,Crowds pressed round her,trying to get her autograph.,_,17/43,fidgety/fdt/,1.ADJ Someone who is,fidgety,keeps fidgeting,for example,because they are nervous or bored.,烦躁;不安,It helps out when youre in a,fidgety,mood.当你心情烦躁时，能够用它来发泄,。,18/43,Detailed reading4,infuse,Detailed reading,infuse:,v,.,TEM,fill or cause to be filled with sth.,V-TTo,infuse,a quality,into,someone or something,or to,infuse,them,with,a quality,means to fill them with it.注入(某种特征)正式,Her novels are infused with sadness.,e.g.,Collocations:,infuse into/with:fill.with.,e.g.,He infused eagerness into the men.,His speech infused the men with eagerness.,19/43,Detailed reading4,keep to oneself,Detailed reading,keep to oneself:,remain private;avoid meeting other,people,不与人来往，不交际：,She doesnt go out much;she likes to keep to herself.,Theres something wrong with her.She kept to herself all day.,她有些不大对头，一整天都不与人打交道。,e.g.,20/43,Detailed reading5,Malthusian logic,Detailed reading,Malthusian logic,:,Thomas Robert Malthus(1766 1834),British economist and clergyman.In,Essay on Population,(1798)he argued that without the practice of“moral restraint”the population tends to increase at a greater rate than its means of subsistence,unless war,famine,or disease intervenes or efforts are made to limit population.,21/43,马尔萨斯首次提出一个假设，认为人口增加“自然”倾向快于食品供给增加。所以伴随时间推移，人均食品增加率趋于下降，从而给人口增加设置了一个障碍。普通来说，伴随人口收入水平和生活标准提升，人口倾向于更加快增加。释义：马氏指出，在不受限制时，人口是按几何级数增加，而事务供给是按算术级数增加，所以，不论可能存在食物供给增加比率怎样高，未受限制人口倍增都将很快造成地球拥挤不堪。同时，马氏认为阻止超出食物供给人口增加方法通常有两种，即直接抑制（战争、饥荒和瘟疫）和预防抑制（流产、杀婴），这两种方法经常被称为“贫穷和罪恶”。以后他也认为人口抑制能够经过某种“道德抑制”去实现，如晚婚和婚前禁欲。,22/43,Detailed reading5,wager,Detailed reading,wager:,v,.,(a more formal term for)bet,下赌注,She wagered 50 on a horse.,I had wagered a great deal of money that I would beat him.,They wagered a lot of money on the race.,e.g.,1)wager(sth.)(on sth.);wager sth./sb.that:bet,money on sth.,2)wager(that):used to say that you are so confident that,sth.is true or will happen that you would be willing to,bet money on it,Ill wager that she knows more about it than shes saying.,e.g.,23/43,trespass TEM8,1.V-I If someone,trespasses,they go onto someone elses land without their permission.,私自进入,They were trespassing on private property.,他们正在私自闯进私人领地。,2.N-VAR,Trespass,is the act of trespassing.,私自进入法律,You could be prosecuted for trespass.,你可能会因私自闯进而被起诉。,24/43,Detailed reading6,plow,Detailed reading,plow:,v,.,CET4 TEM4,force a way or make a track,开路：,A truck plowed into the back of the bus.,She plowed her way through the waiting crowds.,e.g.,Spelling:,plow(American English)=plough(British English),25/43,Detailed reading7,lament,lament:,v.,CET6+TEM8,If you,lament,something,you express your sadness,regret,or disappointment about it.,感到悲痛;感到遗憾;感到失望,FORMAL,WRITTEN,e.g.,In the poem he laments the destruction of the countryside.,Detailed reading,Synonym:,bemoan,e.g.,She shows a lamentable lack of understanding.,Derivations:,lamentable:,a,.very disappointing,regrettable,可怜，可悲,lamentation:,n,.(,formal,)an expression of great sadness or disappointment,26/43,Detailed reading6-7,stake a claim to,Detailed reading,stake a claim to,:,make a claim,to,提出全部权要求,stake:,v,.,CET4 be assertive in defining and defending a,position or policy 支持；资助；打赌,If something is,at stake,it is being risked and might be lost or damaged if you are not successful.,得失难料,If you,stake,something such as your money or your reputation,on,the result of something,you risk your money or reputation on it.,以(金钱、声誉等)下赌注,e.g.,He staked a claim to the land where hed found the gold.,27/43,Detailed reading6-7,annex,Detailed reading,annex:,v,.,CET6+TEM4,take control and possession of land,a small country,etc.,esp.by force;take without permission,吞并(领土等)，强行占取(领土等)；,Synonym:,occupy,e.g.,Germany annexed Austria in 1938.,There are examples of people occupying public squares and annexing the pavement next to their lands.,28/43,Detailed reading8,be proportional to,Detailed reading,be proportional to,:,increase or decrease at the same rate as,the other thing increases or decreases,so that there is always the same,relationship between the two things,Derivation:,proportion:,n,.the relationship of one thing to another,in size,amount,etc.,e.g.,The output should be proportional to the input.,As a rule suicide rates are proportional to the size of the city.,e.g.,The room is very long in proportion to(=relative to)its width.,29/43,Detailed reading8,self-absorption,Detailed reading,self-absorption,:,the characteristic of thinking about things concerning oneself without noticing other people or the things around him 聚精会神,Derivation:,self-absorbed,a,.,30/43,Detailed reading1,some tired velvet rope,some tired velvet rope(Paragraph 1),Explanation:,Here,the word“tired”means“drooping,loosened or slackened”.,Detailed reading,31/43,Detailed reading1,until we were,until we were all hugger-mugger against each other,the original lazy line having collapsed in on itself like a Slinky.(Paragraph 1),Paraphrase:,until we were all pushing against each other,leaving the line in disorder.,Detailed reading,32/43,Detailed reading2,The phrase,The phrase“personal space”has a quaint,seventies ring to it.(Paragraph 2),Paraphrase:,The phrase“personal space”sounds old-fashioned and reminds one of the seventies.,Detailed reading,33/43,Detailed reading4,.Ive wondered,.Ive wondered if its the season:T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring(or much,much less).(Paragraph 4),Paraphrase:,.it has passed through my mind that maybe the cause(of the space invasion)is the season:summer may make people want to be closer to those whose physical attraction is revealed by light summer clothing(though it may also make them wish to move further away from those smelling unpleasantly of perspiration).,Detailed reading,34/43,Detailed reading4,Or perhaps,Or perhaps the proliferation of coffee bars in Manhattan is infusing so much caffeine into the already jangling locals that people can no longer keep to themselves.(Paragraph 4),Paraphrase:,Or perhaps the increasing coffee bars in Manhattan.attract more and more people,who are stimulated and excited by the caffeine they take in,so that they become eager to meet others and no longer want to remain in private.,Detailed reading,35/43,Detailed reading5,we allow,we allow all kinds of invasions of personal space in private.(Humanity wouldnt exist without them.)(Paragraph 5),Paraphrase:,privately we allow people with whom we have close relationships to enter our personal space in a variety of ways.(Indeed,in the absence of sexual intimacy,none of us would be here.),Detailed reading,36/43,Detailed reading5,The logistics,The logistics of it vary according to geography.(Paragraph 5),Paraphrase:,People in different regions are given different sizes of personal space.,Detailed reading,37/43,Detailed reading5,“Dont tread on,“Dont tread on me”could have been coined only by someone with a spread.(Paragraph 5),Paraphrase:,“Dont step into my space.”This could only have been invented by people who have a farm and thus a large space all their own.,Detailed reading,38/43,Detailed reading6,The decline of,The decline of manners has been widely lamented.(Paragraph 6),Paraphrase:,Many have expressed regret at the deterioration of manners.,Detailed reading,39/43,Detailed reading7,Ive also noticed,Ive also noticed an increase in the ranks of what I think of as space invaders,mini-territorial expansionists who seize public space with a sense of manifest destiny.(Paragraph 7),Paraphrase:,Ive also noticed that the problem of space invasion has become more and more serious,and that space invaders,acting in the way territorial expansionists usually do,take it for granted that they have the right to seize public space.,Detailed reading,40/43,Detailed reading6-7,.individuals routinely,.individuals routinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.,(Paragraph 7),Paraphrase:,.individuals,as usual,occupy the booths and seats which are designed for four people.,Detailed reading,41/43,Detailed reading8,personal space,personal space is psychological,not physical:it has less to do with the space outside us than with our inner space.(Paragraph 8),Paraphrase:,.personal space is more a psychological matter than a physical one.As far as we feel comfortable in our mind,it does not matter whether our physical personal space is large or small.,Detailed reading,42/43,Detailed reading9,In the same,In the same way that the breeze from a butterflys wings in Japan may eventually produce a tidal wave in California,I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personal space.(Paragraph 9),Paraphrase:,Th