高三英语一轮复习-Unit15-The-necklace教案-人教大纲版.doc

Unit 15 The necklace
⊕考纲要求：
◆ 考纲规定的考试范围:
重点单词与短语dormitory; explain; recognize; surely; diamond; jewellery; franc; continue; lovely; debt; precious; positive; attend; earn; besides; ball; lecture; silly; author; outline; quality；call on; bring back; day and night; pay off; at most; act out;
句型
There is no doubt that ... there be no doubt that 从句的用法
I would rather not tell you. would rather 的用法
Pierre and I did have a good time at the ball. did 起加强语气的作用
It was worth five hundred francs at most. worth 的结构
语法：情态动词（Ⅲ）must, may/might, can/could
◆ 复习本章要达到的目标
1. 掌握explain; recognize; surely; continue; lovely; debt; precious; positive; attend; earn; besides; lecture; silly; author; outline; quality；call on; bring back; day and night; pay off; at most; act out 等重点单词及短语的用法。
2. 掌握含有doubt 的固定句型的用法；情态动词must, may/might, can/could表示推测的用法。
⊕教材知识归纳
◆知识归纳
1. Sorry, I didn’t recognize you.
recognize 的用法：
派生词：
recognition n. 赞誉，承认，重视，公认，赏识，识别
知识梳理：
①认出,识别;认识
The policeman recognized her as a pickpocket.
警察认出她是个小偷。
He looked at the envelope and recognized Jenny's handwriting immediately.
他看了看信封,马上认出是珍妮的笔迹。
②正式承认;认可,认定
Many countries recognized the new government.
许多国家承认了新政府。
③承认(事实);认清；认识到
I recognized that I had made a mistake.
我认识到自己犯了一个错误。
④赏识;表彰
The government recognized his outstanding service by giving him a medal.
政府为他颁赠勋章,以表彰他的卓著功绩。
⑤招呼;理睬
He will not recognize me any longer.
他不愿再理睬我了。
相关归纳：
(1) recognize sb as / to be... 承认／公认某人……
(2) beyond recognition 完全改了模样，面目全非
(3) come to recognize 逐渐认识到
I recognize him to be cleverer than I am.
他承认了自已不够条件承担那个职务。
He has changed beyond recognition in the past five years.
在过去的十年里他变得完全认不出来了。
I have come to recognize my mistake.
我逐渐认识到我的错误。

2. Could you please explain?
explain 的用法：
派生词：explanation
相关归纳：
(1)explain+名词
How do you explain your rude behavior?
你如何为自己的粗鲁行为辩解？
(2)explain+复合宾语
Please explain this rule to me.
请给我讲解一下这条规则。
(3)explain+疑问词+动词不定式
Can you explain to me how to bake a cake?
(4)explain+宾语从句
He made up a story to explain why he was absent.
他编造了一个故事为他的缺席辩解。
注意：表示“向某人解释某事”时，sb.前必须使用介词to，即explain to sb. sth. /explain sth. to sb.。
He explained the outline of his plan to us.
3. Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.
皮埃尔与我确实在舞会上玩得很开心。
在“助动词do / does / did + 动词原形”结构中，助动词do / does / did意思是“确实，的确，一定”。do的加强语气的用法常常用在一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句或祈使句中，起加强语气的作用。
Do be careful when crossing the road.
过马路的 时候务必要小心。
Do send me e-mail immediately you arrive at Beijing.
你一到北京，一定要给我发电子邮件。
He does smoke two packs of cigarettes every day.
他确实每天抽两包烟。
He did tell me that he would go to the cinema after dinner.
他的确告诉我吃过饭后要去看电影。
4. After all, the ball is very important.
after all; above all; at all; in all; first of all 的用法区别：
(1) after all
①“要知道……”；“别忘了……”，表示说话人对别人的态度，用来说服或提醒对方，引出听话人似乎忘记了的某个重要的论点或理由，在表这个意思时，一般把after all放在句首。
②“终究”，在表示这层意思时，after all一般放于句末， 用来表示与原先的想象相反。
I think we should let her go on holiday alone. After all, she is fifteen and she isn't a child any more.
我想应该让她独自去度假，(要知道)她毕竟已经15岁，不再是小孩了。
He thought he was to fail the exam; he passed it after all.
他认为他要考试失败，然而他竟然成功了。
(2)above all
首先;尤其是;最重要的是，强调一系列因素中最重要的
We must work，and above all we must believe in ourselves.
我们必须工作，尤其重要的是我们必须树立信心。
(3)first of all意为“首先”，强调次序。
First of all, let me introduce myself to you. 首先，让我作个自我介绍。
(4) in all意为“总共；总计”。
There are thirty in all in the party who will travel to Lan Zhou .
赴兰州的旅游团总共有30人。
(5)at all
①(否定句)丝毫;根本
I don't like her at all. 我一点都不喜欢她。
② (问句、条件句及肯定句内表示强调)究竟
He'll come before 12 if he comes at all.
如果他真的要来的话,肯定在十二点以前。
Is it at all possible that he alone can drink ten bottles of beer?
难道他真的能独个儿喝十瓶啤酒吗?
5. So I called on you and asked if I could borrow some jewellery.
call 短语总结
(1)call on：号召, 呼吁, 邀请, 访问, 指派, 要(学生)回答问题
I shall call on you next week.
我下星期去看你。
You'd better call on your friends to help you.
你最好请朋友来帮你。
(2)call for要求；需要；去接某人；去拿某物
This is a problem that calls for immediate solution.
这是个迫切需要解决的问题。
We will call for her early tomorrow morning.
我们明天一早就去接她。
(3)call up打电话；使想起；使回忆起
The film calls up old times.
这电影使人回忆起旧日时光。
(4)call in；请；要求退回；收回
The companies have called in some cars with dangerous faults.
(5)call off决定取消；下令停止
The meeting was called off because of the heavy rain.
(6)call back叫回；再度访问；回电话
I was about to leave when he called me back.
我刚要离开，他把我叫了回来。
(7)call at参观、拜访某地; （汽车等）停站
They called at my house yesterday.
昨天他们到我家。
This train calls at the chief stations only.
这班列车只停靠大站。
6. Well, after all these years , we have at last paid off all our debts.
pay短语总结
(1)pay off：
① 清偿债务
We will have more money to spend after we pay off our mortgage.
在付清贷款后,我们会有更多钱花。
He has paid off all his debts.
他已还清了所有的债务。
② 付清工资后解雇
The company has paid off some redundant employees.
公司在发放工资后解雇了一些多余的雇员。
③取得成功;得到好结果
Two years of business school really paid off.
在商业学校就读两年真是很合算。
Did his plan pay off?
他的计划成功了吗?
(2)pay back = repay报答;偿还
How can we pay you back for your great help?
我们要怎么才能报答你的恩惠呢?
(3)pay for付款；受到报应
Did you pay him 100 dollars for that old bicycle?
那辆旧自行车你付里100美元吗？
You’ll have to pay for your crime.你将为你的罪行受到惩罚。
7. I don’t like plays that much.
that 作副词用，这时可以等于so（this也有这样的用法）
Don’t run that/so fast.
不要跑那么快。
I really cannot afford that expensive a mobile at present
目前我买不起那么昂贵的一个手机。
8.现在完成进行时
(1)现在完成进行时通常表示从过去开始，一直持续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束。现在完成进行时通常和延续性动词连用，并常常附有表示一段时间的状语成分。
　　I must do something else for a change; I have been reading all the morning.
　　我必须干点别的事，一上午我都在读书。
　　You look very tired. What have you been doing these days?
　　你看起来非常疲惫，这些天你都在干什么？
　　Where were you? We have been looking for you everywhere.
　　你去哪儿了？我们一直在到处找你。
　　(2)现在完成进行时也常表示某个动作可能延续下去。
　　We have been having fine weather for the past few days. 过去几天的天气一直很好。
　　She has been living there since 1989. 她自1989年来一直住在那里。
　　The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
　　中国人造纸已经有两千多年的历史了。
　　(3) 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别：都可表示一个动作从过去开始，延续到说话的时刻，并且可以延续下去。但是，现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性、暂时性和未完成性，而现在完成时的重点在动作的结果上。
　　I have written six letters since breakfast. 早饭以来我写了六封信。（动作已结束）
　　I have been writing letters since breakfast.
　　早饭以来我一直在写信。（动作还未结束，并且有可能继续）
　　They have widened the road. 他们加宽了马路。（工作已结束）
　　They have been widening the road.他们一直在加宽马路。（工作尚未结束）
　　I have been reading the novel since morning but I have covered only a few pages of it.
　　从早上到现在我一直在读小说，但是到现在为止，我看的没有多少页。
◆概念提示
重点/热点1：That’s ...引导的表语从句或表语结构
在该句型结构中，表语可以使以下几种结构：
(1)why从句“那是为什么……”
That’s why we see the colors spread out like a rainbow.
那就是为什么我们看到的颜色像彩虹一样扩散开。
(2)how从句 “那是如何……”
That’s how he made a living when he stayed in London.
那就是他在伦敦期间如何谋生的。
（3）because 从句“那是因为……”或because of 介词短语
That’s because of hard work.（介词短语作表语）
那是因为艰苦的工作。
He came for class. That was because he got up late.
他上课迟到了，那是因为他起床晚了。
（4）where 从句“那是……地方”
That was where he put his bike.
那是他放他的自行车的地方。
（5）when 从句“那是……时候”
That was when his career really took off.
那时是他的事业腾飞的时候。
（6）what 从句“那是……的”。
Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that’s what it takes to do anything well.
坚忍不拔是一种素质，这种素质是做好任何事情所需要的。
—Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
你仍在想着昨天的比赛吗？
—Oh, that’s what makes me feel excited.
正是昨天的比赛使我感到兴奋。
重点/热点2：advise; suggest
advise 与suggest 都可作“建议”讲，二者用法有同有异。
(1)相同点
表示建议做某事，advise与suggest都可采用下列三种句型:
① + 名词
② + 动名词
③ + that从句（从句中常用should加动词原形，should可以省略。）
He advised/ suggested an early start.
He advised/ suggested (our) starting early.
He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early.
注意：只要是用从句表示建议该做的事，从句中就可用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。上面的第三句可转化为：
It was suggested that we (should) start early.
What he suggested was that we(should) start early.
His suggestion was that we (should) start early.
(2)不同点
①advise后可以跟人称代词作宾语，而suggest后不可以跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说：
advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.;在这三种结构中不可将advise改为suggest。
他建议我们去参观博物馆。
[正]He advised us to go to visit the museum.
[误]He suggested us to go to visit the museum.
[误]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.
②suggest还有“暗示、表明、说、指出（一个事实）”的意思。此时从句中用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。如：
The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased.
Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陈述了一个事实，故用陈述语气。)比较：
Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient be operated on at once.
(句中suggest表示建议该做某事，从句中用should加动词原形，should在从句中省略。)
易混易错点1： 情态动词表示推测的用法：
　can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：
（一）must表示推测
  这时的must只用于肯定句，表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。
1） must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形。
You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.
你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况的推测）
2）must表示对现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接be+动词ing（进行式）
He must be working in his office.
         他（现在）一定在办公室工作呢。
比较：He must be staying there. 他现在肯定在那里。
         He must stay there. 他必须呆在那。
3） must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接现在完成时。
例如：I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep.　
         我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。
4） must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接完成进行式。
例如：---Why didn't you answer my phone call? 为何不接我的电话？
          ---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.唉，肯定在睡觉，所以没有听见。
（二）除此之外，can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：
1）情态动词+动词原形，表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。
I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.
         我不知道她在哪儿，可能在武汉。
2）情态动词+动词现在进行时，表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。
At this moment, our teacher might be correcting our exam papers.
        这时，想必我们老师正在批改试卷。
3）情态动词+现在完成时，表示对过去情况的推测。
Nobody have ever seen him since that year.  He may/might have gone abroad.
　　   自从那一年之后没有人看见过他。他可能出国了。
4）情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时，表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。
Your mother may have been looking for you.
         你妈妈可能一直在找你。
5）can和could表示推测的时候，通常只用于疑问句和否定句。
Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.
 迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。
 ----Where can he have gone?他会去哪里了？
He couldn’t have gone to school. It’s Sunday.他不可能去学校了。今天是星期天。
He can't be my father, I don't know him at all.
他不可能是我父亲，我根本不认识他。
⊕讲题组
◆课内题例与课后题：
课内题例
1. One of the processes of growing up is being able to ____ and overcome our fears．
A. realize B. remember
C. recognize D. recover
变式1. The policeman recognized her —— a pickpocket.
A . as B. for C. be D. was
解析：本题考查recognize的意思。在本句中recognize的意思是“认清”。答案：C
变式1. recognize sb. As…… 承认某人是……答案：A
2. I remember the time _____ a small village.
A. which used to be　　　　　　　　 B. when it would be
C. when it used to be　　　　　　　 D. when at that time it was
变式1. He is made used to _______ in miserable conditions.
A. work B. working C. be working D. to be working
解析：2. when 引导的是定语从句，修饰time,并且指过去的情况， 意思为“我记得这里是一个小村子的时候”。答案 C
变式1. 该句意思是“他习惯了在艰苦的条件下工作”主动形式是“sth makes him used to working in miserable conditions.”答案;B
3. After three years’ hard work all the debts ______.
A. paid off B. have been paid off C. was paid off D. had been paid off
变式1. Because of their hard work, their efforts _____.
A. paid back B. paid off C. paid for D. was paid off
解析3. 债务被还清要用被动形式。答案;C　　
变式1. pay off 可以做不及物动词意为“取得好的结果”答案：C
4. An awful accident____, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did
C. was to D. had to
变式1. _____ be careful when crossing the road.
A. Do B. sure to C. To sure D. Will
解析4. 在“助动词do / does / did + 动词原形”结构中，助动词do / does / did意思是“确实，的确，一定”。常常用在肯定句或祈使句中，起加强语气的作用。有人称和时态的变化。答案：B.
变式1. do + 祈使句可用来加强语气。答案：A
5. She returned home from the market only to find the door open and a number of things ____.
A. stole　　 B. missing　　 C. missed　　 D. losing
变式1._____ are the days when we depended on foreign countries for oil .
A. Gone B. Lost C. Going D .Losing
　解析：5. 表示“丢失了，不见了”，A选项应为stolen，过去分词作宾补；D选项应为lost. 答案 B
变式1. gone 为形容词意为“消失了的，不见了的”lost也可以做形容词但是意思在这句话中不符合。答案：A
6. I'd like to buy a house - modern, comfortable, and ____ in a quiet neighborhood.
A. in all B. above all
C. after all D. at all
变式1. Let’s do some shopping; ______ , your birthday will be three days away.
A. in all B. above all
C. after all D. at all
变式2. We all thought he would fail to pass the exam, but he succeeded ，————。
A. in all B. above all
C. after all D. at all
解析：6. 答案点拨：B above all“首先，最重要的是”；in all “总共”；after all“毕竟”；at all“完全”。答案:B
变式1. after all其中一个用法是：“要知道……”；“别忘了……”，表示说话人对别人的态度，用来说服或提醒对方，引出听话人似乎忘记了的某个重要的论点或理由，在表这个意思时，一般把after all放在句首。根据句意可以知道答案为:C
变式2. after all 的另一个用法是：终究”，在表示这层意思时，after all一般放于句末， 用来表示与原先的想象相反。根据句意可以知道答案为:C
7. The room is in a terrible mess; it _____ cleaned.
A. can't have been B. shouldn't have been
C . mustn't have been D . wouldn't have been
变式1. You _____ her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.
A. needn't have seen B. must have seen
C. might have seen D. can't have seen
变式2. Mary's score on the test is the highest in her class, she ____ have studied very hard.
A. may B. should C. must D. ought to
解析：7. 该句意思是“房间里乱七八糟，一定没打扫过。”can 和could 通常用于否定句或疑问句中，may, might和must用于肯定句中。这句话是否定的猜测，因此只能选A。
变式1.该句意思是“上星期五你不可能在办公室见到她，她去外地已有两星期了。”因为有“她去外地已有两星期了”这个条件，说明她上周五是不在的，因此可以很肯定地推断不可能在办公室见到她。答案：D
变式2.该句意思是“玛丽的考试成绩全班第一，她学习一定很刻苦。”表示对过去发生情况的肯定推测，因为有“考试成绩全班第一”这个前提条件，因此用must表示很肯定的推测, 意思是“一定”。答案：C
课后题：
1. in order, Mary had to her little sister every morning.
A. dressing；dress B. dressed；wear for
C. dressed；dress D. dressing；dress
2.My uncle until he was forty-five.
A. married B. didn’t marry
C. wasn’t marrying D. would marry
3.This book is worth ,so I’d rather you it.
A. to read；buy B. reading；bought
C. being read；buy D. reading；buy
4.The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to .
A. make it out B. make it off
C. make it up D. make it over
5.Prices sharply in the past few years.
A. have risen B. have been risen
C. rose D. was rising
6.A well-written composition good choice of words and clear organization among other things.
A. calls on B. calls for
C. calls up D. calls off
解析：
1. C 第一空中，dress与Mary构成动宾关系，指Mary自己穿好，故用dressed；第二空，给小妹穿衣服dress little sister。
2. B 在not…until句型中，marry是短暂性动词，故用否定形式。
3. B be worth doing中doing主动形式表被动内容；would rather的宾语从句用虚拟语气，表对将来的意愿时，谓语动词用一般过去时，故只有B项正确。
4. A make out“理解”；make off“逃走”；make up“编造，补充”；make over“转让”。据句意，只A项合乎句意。
5. A 与时间状语in the past few years连用，故用现在完成时，而且rise为不及物动词，故A项正确。
6. call on“拜访”；call for“需要”；call up“使某人记起”；call off“取消”。据题意，只有B项正确。
⊕课后练习题
A组：

1.Difficulties and hardship have the best character of the young geologist.
A. brought in B. brought up
C. brought out D. brought about
2.Ling Feng won the first prize in the national English competition and I’m glad that her efforts at last .
A. worked out B. got back
C .paid off D. turne