New-HSK-浅析新汉语水平考试省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课百校联赛优质课一等奖课件.ppt

Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,*,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,*,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Some Considerations on the,New HSK,浅析新汉语水平考试,Does It Help Spreading,Chinese as a Foreign,Language(CFL)?,对推广对外汉语作用,1,1/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,2,Some Considerations on the,New HSK,浅新汉语水平考试,1.Introduction Problems of the New HSK,2.,Vocabulary,Size&Language Proficiency,3.,Reading Comprehension:,New HSK vs.CEFR(Level 1-4 vs.A1-B2),4.Conclusion Consequences for CFL,2/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Test Rank,等第,Score,级别,HSK Level 6,Advanced,高级,6,HSK Level 5,5,HSK Level 4,Intermediate,中级,4,HSK Level 3,3,HSK Level 2,Elementary,初级,2,HSK Level 1,1,1.Introduction Problems of the New HSK,3,3/27,Florian Meyer-RuhrUniversity Bochum-Germany,Test Rank,等第,Score,级别,CEFR(GER),欧洲语言,共同参考框架,HSK Level 6,Advanced,高级,6,C2,HSK Level 5,5,C1,HSK Level 4,Intermediate,中级,4,B2,HSK Level 3,3,B1,HSK Level 2,Elementary,初级,2,A2,HSK Level 1,1,A1,1.Introduction Problems of the New HSK,4,4/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Test Rank,等第,Score,级别,Words,词汇量,CEFR(GER),欧洲语言,共同参考框架,HSK Level 6,Advanced,高级,6,5,000,C2,HSK Level 5,5,2,500,C1,HSK Level 4,Intermediate,中级,4,1,200,B2,HSK Level 3,3,600,B1,HSK Level 2,Elementary,初级,2,300,A2,HSK Level 1,1,150,A1,1.Introduction Problems of the New HSK,5,5/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,1.Introduction Problems of the New HSK,6,6/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,New HSK(),CEFR,欧洲语言框架,GER,Old HSK(),Test Rank,等第,Score,级别,Words,词汇量,Words,词汇量,Score,等级分数,HSK Level 6,6,5,000,C2,8,840,11,10,HSK Level 5,5,2,500,C1,9,5,257,8,HSK Level 4,4,1,200,B2,7,6,HSK Level 3,3,600,B1,3,052,5,4,HSK Level 2,2,300,A2,3,1,033,2,HSK Level 1,1,150,A1,1,1.Introduction Problems of the New HSK,7,7/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,1.,What is the relation between,v,ocabulary,size&language proficiency?,2.Does the New HSK provide an appropriate linking to the CEFR?,3.Do there exist,a,ny linkings between the CEFR and other language proficiency tests?(e.g.,other languages?),Problems:,1.Introduction Problems of the New HSK,8,8/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,CEFR,(GER),欧洲语言框架,New HSK,新汉语水平考试,(),Old HSK,汉语水平考试,(),TOP-Huayu,華語文,能力測驗,(Taiwan),Japanese L,anguag,e Prof,icien,cy Test(JLPT),Test of Russian,as a Foreign Language,(TORFL),Test of Prof,icienc,y in K,orea,n,(TOPIK),C2,5,000,8,821,8,600,8,009,C1,2,500,12,000,5,257,B2,1,200,5,800,5,035,6,000,B1,600,3,052,2,400,2,300,A2,300,800,1,409,1,300,1,500-,2,000,1,033,A1,150,800,780,800,1.Introduction Problems of the New HSK,9,9/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,-German:approx.75,000 words,productive/receptive,voca,bulary,word definition,measuring problems,Educated adult native speakers of English know,14,000,18,000 words,(Goulden/Nation/Read 1990),Two thresholds(in English):,1.,2,000 words,95%text coverage,2.,5,000 words,97,99%text coverage,pleasurable reading,(Hirsh/Nation 1992),2.,Vocabulary,Size&Language Proficiency,10,10/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Between 80,000 and 90,000 different words in modern Chinese news texts,20,000 most frequent words,basic ability,in Chinese news reading(D Jn),90,000 words,full proficiency,(D Jn),most frequent 8,000,9,000 words cover,95,95,85%text,Chinese Words,汉语词,:,2.,Vocabulary,Size&Language Proficiency,11,11/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,1st Threshold,95%,2nd Threshold;97,99%,2.,Vocabulary,Size&Language Proficiency,12,12/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,语素教学受到重视，重视语素肯定是对（孙德金 2006:14）,汉字是中国文化脊梁。,汉字以及由汉字组成汉语词汇，含有,独特文化特征。（刘英林,1994:122,）,-More than 50,000 different characters,most of them not used today,(,死字,),or extremely rare,(,僻字,),-The most frequent 3,500 characters,(,常,用字,),can build approx.,70,000 words,word creating power,/,capacity of characters,(,构词能力),morphemes,(,语素),The most frequent 3,000 characters cover 99,64%of a text,The morpheme didactics has received high appreciation,and to set high value on morphemes is definitely right.,（,Sn Djn,:14,）,Chinese characters are the backbone of the Chinese culture.Chinese characters and the Chinese vocabulary,which is build by Chinese characters,have a unique cultural feature.(Li Yngln,1994:122,）,Chinese Characters,汉字,:,2.,Vocabulary,Size&Language Proficiency,13/27,13,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,14,words,The(text)coverage strength of Chinese characters is the strongest,the coverage potential of Chinese words is quite weak.(Zhng Ki,1997:12,）,汉字覆盖能力最强，汉语词覆盖能力最弱。（张凯,1997:12,）,2.,Vocabulary,Size&Language Proficiency,14/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,3,000,most frequent,characters,full proficiency,Someone who has mastered the most words of the,old HSK syllabus(8,000 words),should have no problems to use Chinese in daily work routines,is able to read academic material in Chinese,can do translation jobs etc.,(Li,et al.1994/1998:160),Zhng Ki requires,at least,10,000,12,000 words for full,proficiency,in Chinese,(Zhng Ki 1997/:12-13),Findings,:,2.,Vocabulary,Size&Language Proficiency,15,15/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Andreas Guder,3.,Reading Comprehension:,Level 1,New HSK vs.,A1,CEFR,150 words,?,16,A1:“I can understand familiar names,words and very simple sentences,for example on notices and posters or in catalogues.”,(CEFR Self-assessment grid/Raster zur Selbstbeurteilung/,自我评定参考表,),16/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Andreas Guder,A2,:,“I can read very short,simple texts.I can find specific,predictable information in simple everyday material such as advertisements,prospectuses,menus and timetables and I can understand short simple personal letters.”,后面,L2,丈夫,L2,高兴,L2,廉价,L2,Instand Noodles,Black Ice Tea,Icedew,Mineral Water,Fresh Orange Juice,Coca Cola,Grilled sausage,“Meat”shashlik,3.,Reading Comprehension:,Level 2,vsA2,300 words,?,17,17/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,B1,:,“I can understand texts that consist mainly of high frequency everyday or job-related language.I can understand the description of events,feelings and wishes in personal letters.”,Maybe you accidentally,throw your(cigarette)butt into the forrest;,(But)This may make you on purpose experience jail life.,3.,Reading Comprehension:,Level 3,vs.,B1,600 words,?,18,18/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,8,月16日，滞留在汶川泥石流灾区群众纷纷徒步翻山越岭撤离自己家园，赶往都江堰、成都等安全地带。8月14日凌晨汶川境内多处发生泥石流灾害，造成汶川境内多条公路中止、民房冲垮，地震灾区群众新家园受到新创伤，经过武警官兵对道路三天三夜抢险，从汶川到映秀镇路段危险基本排除。,Abruf am 17.08.,B2,:,“I can read articles and reports concerned with contemporary problems in which the writers adopt particular stances or viewpoints.I can understand contemporary literary prose.”,3.,Reading Comprehension:,Level 4,vs.,B2,1,200 words,?,19,19/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,20,京报网讯（记者刘大伟）北京时间今晨，新赛季德国杯第一轮比赛中，沙尔克04客场2比1战胜丙级球队阿伦。中国球员蒿俊闵首发出场，并打满全场比赛。在上半场比赛中小蒿出任左前卫，半场过后主帅马加特做出调整，蒿俊闵后撤到右后卫位置上。最终，凭借法尔范两个进球，沙尔克赢得比赛胜利。,德国杯蒿俊闵首发打全场 沙尔克小胜,Abruf am 17.08.,3.,Reading Comprehension:,Level 4,vs.,B2,1,200 words,?,B2,:,“I can read articles and reports concerned with contemporary problems in which the writers adopt particular stances or viewpoints.I can understand contemporary literary prose.”,20/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,综合外电报道，伊拉克官员8月17日透露，伊拉克首都巴格达一征兵站当日遭自杀式爆炸攻击，造成60人死亡、125人受伤。,攻击发生在当地时间17日早晨7点半，当初有数百米名拟要入伍新兵聚集在该征兵站点附近，受害人断手、断腿在爆炸现场清楚可见。伊拉克士兵当前已经封锁现场。当日爆炸就发生在原为伊拉克国防部建筑物外，该地点现在是伊拉克陆军第11师司令部，每七天前来入伍新兵约有250人。伊拉克警方一消息人士透露，该攻击是数周来该国遭受最严重恐怖攻击之一。,伊拉克征兵站遭攻击60人死亡125人受伤,公布时间：-08-17 16:47,文章起源：中国日报网,网络编辑:谢永利,Abruf am 17.08.,伊拉克征兵站遭攻击60人死亡125人受伤,综合外电报道，伊拉克官员8月17日透露，伊拉克首都巴格达一征兵站当日遭自杀式爆炸攻击，造成60人死亡、125人受伤。,攻击发生在当地时间17日早晨7点半，当初有数百米名拟要入伍新兵聚集在该征兵站点附近，受害人断手、断腿在爆炸现场清楚可见。伊拉克士兵当前已经封锁现场。当日爆炸就发生在原为伊拉克国防部建筑物外，该地点现在是伊拉克陆军第11师司令部，每七天前来入伍新兵约有250人。伊拉克警方一消息人士透露，该攻击是数周来该国遭受最严重恐怖攻击之一。,56%unknown words!,3.,Reading Comprehension:,Level 4,vs.,B2,1,200 words,?,21,B2,:,“I can read articles and reports concerned with contemporary problems.”,21/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,4.Conclusion Consequences for CFL,The Hanban linking between the New HSK and the CEFR is not appropriate.With a maximum vocabulary of 5,000 words(Level 6)a learner should merely have a competency of around B2.,The Word amount for full proficiency in Chinese is at least 8,000,10,000 words(C1/C2).,Morphemes(and therefore single characters)should be taught again/more;for CFL morphemes are more important than words,because of their word creating power.,22,22/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,List of references,Beijing Yuyan Xueyuan Yuyan Jiaoxue Yanjiusuo,北京语言学院语言教学研究所,(1986):,当代汉语频率词典,北京,.,Da Jun():Reading news for information:How much vocabulary a CFL learner should know.In:,Guder/Jiang/Wan(Hg.),251-78.,Diack,Hunter(1975):Test Your Own Wordpower.St.Albans:Paladin.,Dornseiff,Franz(1933,1st Ed.,1959):Der deutsche Wortschatz nach Sachgruppen,Berlin.,Europarat,(,):Gemeinsamer europischer Referenzrahmen fr Sprachen:Lernen,lehren,beurteilen.Berlin/Mnchen.,Gardner,Dee():Validating the Construct of,Word,in Applied Corpus-based Vocabulary Research:A Critical Survey.In:,Applied Linguistics,Vol.28,No.2,241-65.,Goulden,Rubin/Nation,Paul/Read,John(1990):How Large Can a Receptive Vocabulary Be?In:,Applied Linguistics,Vol.11,No.4,341-63.,Guder,Andreas/Jiang,Xin,江新,/Wan,Yexin,万业馨,(Hg.),(,):,汉字认知与教学,西方学习者汉字认知国际研讨会论文集,.The cognition,learning and,teaching of Chinese characters,Beijing.,Guojia Hanban Duiwai Hanyu Jiaoxue Lingdao Xiaozu Bangongshi Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshibu,国家对外汉语教学领导小组办公室汉语水平考试部,(1992):,汉语水平词汇,与汉字等级纲领,北京,.,Guojia Hanban,/Kongzi Xueyuan Zongbu,国家汉办,/,孔子学院总部,(Ed.)(a):,新汉语,水平考试纲领,HSK,一级,北京,.,23,23/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Guojia Hanban,/Kongzi Xueyuan Zongbu,国家汉办,/,孔子学院总部,(Ed.)(b):,新汉语,水平考试纲领,HSK,二级,北京,.,Guojia Hanban,/Kongzi Xueyuan Zongbu,国家汉办,/,孔子学院总部,(Ed.)(c):,新汉语,水平考试纲领,HSK,三级,北京,.,Guojia Hanban,/Kongzi Xueyuan Zongbu,国家汉办,/,孔子学院总部,(Ed.)(d):,新汉语,水平考试纲领,HSK,四级,北京,.,Hazenberg,Suzanne/Hulstijn,Jan H.(1996):Defining a Minimal Receptive Second-Language Vocabulary for Non-native University Students:An Empirical Investigation.In:,Applied Linguistics,Vol.17,No.2,145-63.,Hirsh,David/Nation,Paul(1992):What Vocabulary Size is Needed to Read Unsimplified Texts for Pleasure?In:,Reading in a foreign Language,8(2),689-96.,Laufer,B.(1989):What percentage of text-lexis is essential for comprehension?In:Lauren,C./Nordman,M.(Hrsg.).Special Language:From humans thinking to thinking machines,Philadelphia,316-23.,Liu Lianli,刘镰力,(1998):,汉语水平测试研究,北京,.,Liu Lianli,刘镰力,(1997/1998):BHK,设计,.,载,:,刘镰力,(1998),184-211.,Liu Lianli/Li Ming/Song Shaozhou,刘镰力、李明、宋绍周,(1998):,高等汉语水平考试,设计,标准与试卷组成,.,载,:,刘镰力,(1998),158-83.,Liu Lianli/Song Shaozhou/Jiang Dewu,刘镰力、宋绍周、姜德梧,(1998):,关于高等汉语,水平考试设计,.,载,:,刘镰力,(1998),141-58.,Liu Yinglin,刘英林,(1994):,汉语水平考试,(HSK),理论基础探讨,.,载,:,刘英林,(1994),117-36.,24,24/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Liu Yinglin,刘英林,(,主编,)(1994):,汉语水平考试研究（续集）,北京,.,Sun Dejin,孙德金,(,主编,)():,对外汉语词汇及词汇教学研究北京,.,Zechmeister,Eugene B./Chronis,Andrea M./Cull,William L./DAnna,Catherine A./Healy,Noreen A.(1995):Growth of a functionally important lexicon.,Journal of reading Behavior,.Vol.27,No.2,201-12.,Zechmeister,Eugene B./DAnna,Catherine A./Hall,James W./Paus,Cynthia,H./,Smith,Julie A.(1993):Metacognitive and Other Knowledge about the Mental Lexicon:Do We Know How Many Words We Know?In:,Applied Linguistics,Vol.14,No.2,188-206.,Zhang Kai,张凯,(1997/):,汉语构词基本字统计分析,.,载,:,孙德金,():,对,外汉语词汇及词汇教学研究,北京,1-14.,25,25/27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Thank,you!,谢謝大家！,26/27,26,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,27,Florian Meyer-Ruhr-University Bochum-Germany,Epilogue,27,27/27,