高中英语-Unit-1-Great-scientists课时作业-新人教版必修5.doc

Unit 1　Great scientists Period One　Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.用适当的介、副词填空
1．John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
2．This was the deadly disease of its day.
3．A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.
4．The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
5．As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information.
6．He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.
7．Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.
8．Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.
9．In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
10．With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.
Ⅱ.佳句翻译与仿写
1．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
翻译　人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
仿写　他和我都不打算去参加这次会议。
Neither_he_nor_I_am_going_to_attend_the_meeting.
2．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
翻译　每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死亡。
仿写　我每次去北京都会去参观长城。
Every_time_I_went_to_Beijing,_I_would_visit_the_Great_Wall.
3．He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.
翻译　他知道，直到找到病源，霍乱才能控制住。
仿写　我亲眼所见后才会相信他的话。
I_will_never_believe_him_until_I_see_with_my_own_eyes.
4．It seemed that the water was to blame.
翻译　看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了。
仿写　好像那次交通事故应该怪司机。
It_seemed_that_the_driver_was_to_blame_for_the_traffic_accident.
5．To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
翻译　为了防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议，所有水源都要经过检测。
仿写　我建议他改天再来。
I_suggested_(that)_he_(should)_come_another_day.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Ms.Mary was over eighty，but she still drove her old car like half her age.She loved driving very fast，and boasted of the fact 1.____________ she had never，in her thirty－five years of driving，been punished 2.______ a driving mistake.
Then one day，she nearly lost her record.A police car followed her，and the policemen in it saw her pass a red light without 3.________(stop)．
When Ms.Mary came before the judge，he looked at her severely and said that she was too old to drive a car，and that the reason 4.________ she had not stopped at the red light was most probably that her eyes had become weak 5.________ old age，so that she had simply not seen it.
When the judge had finished 6.________ he was saying，Ms.Mary opened the big handbag she was carrying and took out her sewing.Without saying a word，she 7.________ (choose) a needle with a very small eye，and threaded it at the first time.
When she had 8.________ (success) done this，she took the thread out of the needle again and handed both the needle and thread to the judge，saying，“Now it is your turn.I suppose you can drive a car well，and you have no doubts 9.________ your eyesight.”
The judge took the needle and tried to thread it.After half a dozen times，he had still not succeeded.The case against Ms.Mary 10.________ (dismiss)，and her record remained unbroken.
答案　1.that　2.for　3.stopping　4.why　5.with　6.what　7.chose　8.successfully　9.about　10.was dismissed
Ⅳ.阅读理解

Linus Pauling，the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes，was born in Portland，Oregon.He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962，long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Orgon State College in 1922.He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.
He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substance.His interest in the “behavior” of molecules(分子) led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry，especially of the human body.He began with proteins and their main parts，the amino acids(氨基酸)，which are called the“building blocks of life”．In 1950，he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule，a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.
During World WarⅡ，Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security，for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948.However，the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction.Having long worked on the structure of molecules，he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.
From then on，Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bomb and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons.Through his efforts，The Nuclear－Test－Ban Treaty，declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones，came into effect on October 10,1963，the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Peace.
1．From the first Paragraph，we learn that Linus Pauling________.
A．didn’t study hard while in Washington High School
B．is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes
C．was once badly treated in Washington High School
D．chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living
答案　D
解析　细节考查题。从第一段的最后一句话“He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.”我们可以得到正确答案为D选项。
2．Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first?
A．The “behavior” of molecules.
B．Physical chemistry.
C．Biological chemistry.
D．The human body.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。从第二段的第二句话“His interest in the ‘behavior’ of molecules(分子) led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry，especially of the human body.”我们可以看出，Pauling的兴趣发生了变化，从physical chemistry 转到了biological chemistry上，所以我们可以得出正确答案为B选项。
3．During World WarⅡ，Linus Pauling________.
A．had to stop his research because of the war
B．made great contributions to the safety of the country
C．joined the army to fight for the safety of the country
D．took part in researching nuclear bombs
答案　B
解析　根据第三段的第一句话“During World WarⅡ，Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security，for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948.”我们可以得出正确答案为B选项。
4．Which of the following is legal according to The Nuclear－Test－Ban Treaty?
A．The use of nuclear weapons.
B．Testing hydrogen bomb on the ground.
C．Testing hydrogen bomb on underground.
D．The production of hydrogen bombs.
答案　C
解析　细节考查题。根据最后一段的最后一句话“Through his efforts，The Nuclear－Test－Ban Treaty，declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones，came into effect on October 10,1963，the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Peace.”我们可以得出正确答案为C选项。
5．The main idea of the passage is to show________.
A．Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weapons
B．Linus Pauling’s contributions to the world
C．Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of molecules
D．Linus Pauling’s got the Nobel Prize for Peace
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界的贡献，所以应该选择B选项。

face n．脸；面部表情；表面
生义：v.面对；面向，朝着
1．He faced the problem seriously.
他认真地面对那个问题。
2．He lives in a house facing (to the) south.
他住在一所面朝南的房子里。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Period Two　Language Points
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We can conclude from what he said that he is a good manager.
2．The babies are well attended to in the nursery.
3．The police suspected that someone had broken into the house and stolen the picture.
4．The river has been polluted by all kinds of industrial waste.
5．The new canal will link the two rivers.
6．Two teachers will instruct(教导) and take care of the students after class.
7．Plants absorb(吸收) carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen.
8．My mother was very severe(严厉的) with me.
9．The role will be the biggest challenge(挑战) of his acting career.
10．It is hard to foresee(预知) what will happen.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．There was a serious accident yesterday. Luckily nobody died.
Luckily, there was no death in the serious accident that happened yesterday.
2．Time lost will return no more.
Time lost won’t return any more.
3．The man seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.
The man who/that was seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.
4．It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
Everyone seemed to be satisfied.
5．He sold his bike so that he could have money to buy food.
To have money to buy food，he sold his bike.
Ⅲ.语境活用
1．用defeat, beat或win的适当形式填空。
(1)We defeated/beat them at football match yesterday.
(2)In that battle, our soldiers defeated the enemy.
(3)We won the football game yesterday.
(4)Mary won the first prize for swimming.
解析　defeat可表示在战斗、竞争、比赛、辩论中击败对手，后接sb.；beat主要用于比赛、竞争中击败对手，后接sb.；win意为“获胜，赢得”，所赢得的对象是比赛、战斗、奖品和荣誉等。
2．用join, join in, take part in或attend的适当形式填空。
(1)Please join us in playing basketball.
(2)He joined the army at the age of 18.
(3)I first just watched the game，and then was invited to join_in.
(4)She is sure to attend the wedding.
(5)The old man took_part_in the students’ movements when he was young.
解析　join是指“加入”到某一组织、团体、党派等，并成为其中一员。join in指参加到某些人当中去做某事，这项活动往往正在进行着。join sb. in (doing) sth.表示“参加某人所从事的活动”。take part in是指参加到某一活动中去(如群众性活动、会议等)，重在说明句子的主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。attend是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼、听报告、讲座等，一般指成为观众或听众。
3．用announce或declare的适当形式填空。
(1)They announced that she would give one extra song.
2)The results of the election will be declared soon.
(3)The use of certain chemicals has now been declared illegal.
解析　announce指对公众或特定人群进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事。declare指在庄严场合，官方权威人士公开郑重宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Once upon a time there was a rich merchant 1.________ had four wives.He loved the fourth wife the most.He took great care of her and gave her nothing 2.________ the best.He also loved the third wife very much.He was very 3.________ (pride) of her and always wanted to show off her to his friends.He also loved his second wife.She is 4.________ very considerate person，always patient and in fact is the merchant’s close friend.5.________ the merchant faced some problems，he always turned to his second wife and 6.________ would always help him out and tide(帮助渡过) him 7.________ difficult times.Now，the merchant’s first wife is a very loyal partner and has made great 8.________ (contribute) in maintaining his wealth and business as well as 9.________ (take) care of the household.10.________，the merchant did not love the first wife and although she loved him deeply，he hardly took notice of her.
答案　1.who　2.but　3.proud　4.a　5.When/Whenever　6.she　7.through/over　8.contributions　9.taking　10.However
Ⅴ.信息匹配
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
以下是旅游景点的信息：
A．Agra Fort

Near the gardens of the Taj Mahal stands the important 16th－century Mughal monument known as the Red Fort of Agra.This powerful fortress of red sandstone encompasses，within its 2.5－km－long enclosure walls，the imperial city of the Mughal rulers.It comprises many fairy－tale palaces，such as the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal，built by Shah Jahan，audience halls，such as the Diwan－i－Khas and two very beautiful mosques.
B．Taj Mahal

Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world，and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed.The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals，the Muslim rulers of India.Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble.It was constructed over a period of twenty－two years，employing twenty thousand workers.It was completed in 1648 C．E.at a cost of 32 Million Rupees.
C．Keoladeo National Park

This former duck－hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan，Turkmenistan，China and Siberia.Some 364 species of birds，including the rare Siberian crane，have been recorded in the park.
D．Humayun’s Tomb，Delhi

This tomb，built in 1570，is of particular cultural significance as it was the first garden－tomb on the Indian subcontinent.It inspired several major architectural innovations，culminating in the construction of the Taj Mahal.The gardens also contain the red－and－white sandstone and black－and－yellow marble tomb of Humayun’s wife and the tomb of Humayun’s barber.
E．Grand Canyon National Park

The Grand Canyon is perhaps the most awesome sight in the United States—and one of the wonders of the world.Much of the park’s beauty is related to its geology and ecology.Schmidt explores the shape of the land，its plants and animals，and its human history.A fascinating book that everyone visiting the Grand Canyon should read.The Skywalk at Grand Canyon West is really exciting.
F．Sundarbans National Park
The Sundarbans covers 10,000 sq.km of land and water (more than half of it in India，the rest in Bangla－

desh) in the Ganges delta.It contains the world’s largest area of mangrove forests.A number of rare or endangered species live in the park，including tigers，aquatic mammals，birds and reptiles.
请阅读以下旅游者的信息，然后匹配旅游者和他/她拟旅游的景点。
1．Carina is fond of art and likes travelling very much.In order to take part in the following exhibition，she wants to take some photos of birds from all over the world，especially the rare Siberian crane.In the meanwhile，she doesn’t want to spend too much money.
答案　C
2．Daisy’s major is biology.She is interested in studies of tigers in India.Before graduation，she needs to write an essay on the tiger.She hears that it is one of the largest tiger populations of any of India’s parks.And so she wants to go there to do some research.
答案　F
3．Alexander is a college student of physics.He learns that this canyon is a gift from past generations that goes beyond what we experience.He is looking forward to going there and experiencing the Skywalk in the park.
答案　E
4．Sammy majors in history.He will visit it again this summer.He says it’s built entirely of white Marble and is one of the eight wonders of the world.Its beauty is beyond description，particularly at dawn and sunset.It seems to glow in the light of the full moon.On a foggy morning，the visitors experience it as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river.
答案　B
5．Nancy comes from the history department.Last summer she visited the ancient markets of Agra and this year she wants to visit it again.Not long ago she said，“Arriving at the Delhi airport，we representatives were warmly received.Our tiredness flew in seconds by the traditional welcome that we got at the hotel’s reception.” The next day they visited the famous tomb.
答案　D

have sb. do sth.让某人做某事
have sb./sth. doing使……一直……；使……处于……
have sth. done使某事由某人做；遭遇，经历
won’t/can’t have sb. doing sth.不能容忍/允许某人做某事
1．Joe had me find a car for him.
乔让我给他找辆车。
2．It was cold, and she had the fire burning day and night.
天很冷，她日夜烧着炉火。
3．Betty had her purse stolen yesterday.
贝蒂的钱包昨天被偷了。
4．I won’t have anyone smoking here.
我不容许任何人在这里抽烟。
Period Three　Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Everyone should contribute(贡献) what he or she can afford to helping the poor.
2．He always has a positive(积极的) attitude when correcting students’ mistakes.
3．If we were too cautious(小心的)，w