1、情态动词(modal verb)表推测用法教案设计 一、教学目标: 1. 知识目标:要求学生掌握使用表示推测的情态动词。 2. 能力目标:学会表推测情态动词在实际生活中的运用。 3. 情感目标:让学生爱上英语课堂,鼓励他们学习英语的自信心。 4. 学习策略目标:设法使学生掌握使用英语进行造句,增强上课的积极性。 二、教学重难点: 1.教学重点:学会用情态动词must, can ,could,may ,might等表推测的用法以及各个相近情态动词间的区分。 2.教学难点:各个表推测情态动词的用法区分。 三、教学过程: (一)师生互相问候; (二)检测复习与导入(目的
2、是复习情态动词以及引出情态动词表推测的用法) 由二则谜语引入要教的情态动词: (1).You can’t catch his body; you can’t see his shadow. When strong, he shakes the house, when weak, the tree leaves. (2).What can you catch but not throw?让学生猜,猜完以后,说出这里面都有一个can,这个时候它的意思是什么以及在这里“表推测”的作用,由此导入主题。 (三)情态动词表示推测的用法 1. 首先请看下面的这个顺
3、口溜: can不肯,may不问, must肯定不否问。 这个顺口溜介绍了can (could), may (might), must 表“推测”时所适用的句式的区别。 其含义如下: can不肯,即:can (could) 一般不用于肯定句; may不问,即:may (might) 一般不用于疑问句; must肯定不否问,即:must一般仅用于肯定句,不用于否定句和疑问句。 2.must表示推测的用法 must很有把握的推测,其意为“一定会”“肯定会”,只用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测,后接动词原形;表示对过去情况的推测,接动词完成式。mus
4、t + be doing, 表示对现在正在进行的情况的推测。must + have done,表示对过去情况的推测。如: (1)I must be the happiest woman on earth! 我一定是世界上最幸福的女人了。 (2)They must be waiting for us. Let’s hurry up.他们一定在等我们。让我们快点走吧。 (3)You must have left your bag in the theatre.你准是把你的包丢在剧院了。 3.can / could用于表推测的用法 (1) 从使用句型上看,can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句,
5、一般不用于肯定句,而could 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别,只是could 比 can 更委婉,更不确定。如: It can’t / couldn’t be true. 那不可能是真的。 注:can 有时也用于肯定句中表示推测,主要用于表示理论上的可能性(即从理论上看是可能的,但实际未必会发生),或表示“有时”之意。如: Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. 即使是有经验的教师也可能出错。 (2) 从时间关系看,对现在或将来情况作推测,后接动词原形;对正在进行的情况作推测,后接 be doing 结构;对过去
6、情况作推测,后接动词完成式。如: He could have gone home. 他可能已经回家了。 He can’t / couldn’t have understood. 他不可能理解了。 4.may / might用于表推测的用法 表示推测,两者都可用,只是 might 比 may 语气更不确定,表示的可能性更小。 (1) 在句型使用方面:两者均可用于肯定句和否定句,如: He may / might know the answer. 他可能知道答案。 (2) 从时间关系看,对现在或将来情况作推测,后接动词原形;对正在进行的情况作推测,后接 be doing 结构;对过
7、去情况作推测,后接动词完成式。如: He may / might be writing a letter. 他可能在写信。 She may / might have read it in the papers. 她可能在报上已读到过此事。 (四)总结 在情态动词中can 、should 、may 、might 、must都可以用于表示"猜测",但他们在表示"可能性"时是有差异的。语气由强到弱依次为:must>can>should>may>might. (五)练习巩固,高考链接: 1. He ____ have completed his work, otherwise, he wo
8、uldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. (05北京26题) A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t 2. This cake is very sweet. You ______ a lot of sugar in it. (05 辽宁 26题) A. Should put B. could have put C. might put D. must have put 3. --- Tom is never late for work. Why
9、is he absent today? --- Something ___ to him. ( 05江西 22题 ) A. must happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have appened 4. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ___ at least 150 kilometers an hour. ( 05重庆33题)
10、 A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done 5. I __have been more than six years old when the accident happened.( 05天津14题) A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t (六)作业布置,技能提高: 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选
11、项。 1.Jenny ___ with him at that time, for I was having dinner with her in my home. A. can’t have been B. mustn’t have been C. must have been D. may have been 2. It is cold in the room. They ___ have turned off the heating. A. must B. ought to C. should D. could 3. — Someone
12、 is knocking at the door. — Who ______ it be at this hour of day? A. may B. can C. must D. should 4. I didn’t hear the phone. I ____ asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been 5. Johnson ____ be a policeman. He is much too short. A. may B. mustn’t C. should D. can’t 6. — Jack fell off a ladder yesterday, but he was all right. — He is lucky. He _____ himself badly. A. can have hurt B. could have wounded C. might have hurt D. must have wounded 四、教学反思: 3






