2017年中考英语八年级下册教材同步复习题14份第十讲 八年级(下) Units 3—4.doc

第十讲　八年级(下)　Units 3—4
,中考基础知识梳理

类别
课标考点要求

词
汇
攻
关
1.borrow→(反义词)__lend__
2．independent→(名词)独立__independence__
3．develop→(名词)__development__
4．fair→(名词)__fairness__→(反义词)__unfair__
5.ill→(名词)__illness__
6．communicate→(名词)__communication__
7．second→(副词)__secondly__
8．usual→(反义词)__unusual__→(副词)__usually__
短
语
归
纳
1.倒垃圾__take__out__the__rubbish__
2．频繁，反复__all__the__time__
3．一……就……，尽快__as__soon__as__
4．目的是，为了__in__order__to__
5．依靠，依赖__depend__on__
6．照顾，处理__take__care__of__
7．快速查看，浏览__look__through__
8．重要的事__big__deal__
9.成功地发展，解决__work__out__
10．和睦相处，关系良好__get__on__with__
11．删除，删去__cut__out__
12．比较，对比__compare…with__
13．依……看__in__one's__opinion__
14．吃惊地，惊讶地__in__surprise__
15．随时，马上，在任何时刻__any__minute__now__
16．过来，顺便拜访__come__over__
句
型
再
现
1.“你能扫一下地板吗？”“好的，当然可以。”
—__Could__you__please__ sweep the floor?
—Yes，__sure__．
2．他们应该将时间花在学业上，为的是取得好成绩并考上好大学。
They should spend their time on schoolwork __in__order__to__get__good__grades__ and __get__into__ a good university.
3．同时，当他们长大后，他们将不得不做家务，所以他们现在没必要做家务。
Also，when they get older，they will have to do housework so __there__is__no__need__for__them__to__do__it__ now.
4．我认为做家务并不是很难，我并不介意做家务。
I think __doing__chores__is not so difficult.I __do__not__mind__doing__them.
5．昨天我发现我的妹妹在翻阅我的东西。x k b 1 . c o m
I found my sister __looking__through__ my things yesterday.
6．相反，他想看什么就看什么，一直看到深夜。
Instead he watches __whatever__he__wants__ until late at night.
7．孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
__The__earlier__kids learn to be independent，__the__better__ it is for their future.
8．你为何不与你的家人谈谈这些感受呢？新*课*标*第*一*网
__Why__don't__you__talk__about__ these feelings with your family?
9．人们不该把自己的孩子逼得太紧。
People __shouldn't__push__ their kids so hard.
10．他们总是把他们和其他孩子作比较。
They __are__always__comparing__ them with other children.
语法
结构
1.情态动词could表示请求、允许的用法。
2．表示征求意见或提出建议的句型。

话题
1.Chores and permission(家务和许可)x k b 1 . c o m
2.Interpersonal communication(人际沟通)
,怀化中考重难点突破

　neither adv.也不
【满分点拨】
代　词
(1)作主语，谓语动词常用单数。
(2)常与of连用，neither of＋名词复数。
Neither of them was in good health，but both of them worked very hard.他们两个人身体都不好，但工作都非常努力。
形容词
(1)用在单数名词之前。
(2)其修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Neither answer is right.两个答案都不对。
副　词
放于句首，用倒装语序，表示“……也不”，
neither＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。
—He doesn't go to school by bike.
—Neither do I.
——他不骑自行车上学。
——我也不骑。
短　语
(1)neither…nor…表示“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分表否定；反义短语both…and…，连接同等成分表示肯定。
(2)连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
Neither I nor he knows it.我和他都不知道此事。
【考点抢测】
1．—I don't think I can walk any further.
—__Neither__can__I____(我也不能)．Let's stop here for a rest.
2．—What would you like，tea or coffee?
—__Neither__(都不要)．Just a glass of orange juice.
3．两个女孩以前都没看过这部电影。
__Neither__girl__has__seen__ the movie before.＝__Neither__of__the__girls__has__seen__ the movie before.
4．Both of them have been to New York.(改为否定句)
__Neither__ of them __has__ been to New York.
( B )5.(2016巴中中考)I could speak________French________Chinese，but luckily I could talk with them in English.
A．bothand　　　　　B．neither；nor
C．either；or
　辨析borrow，lend与keep
【满分点拨】
辨析：borrow，lend与keep的用法区别：都表示“借”，但“借法”各有不同。

borrow
借进
说话人向别人借东西供自己用，常用于borrow sth.from sb.结构中，为终止性动词。

lend
借出
即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用，常用于lend sth.to sb.或lend sb.sth.结构中，为终止性动词。
—Can I borrow this book？我可以借这本书吗？
—Yes，but you mustn't lend it to others.可以，但你不许借给别人。
keep
保存，
保留
用于表示借用的时间长度，可以和表示时间段的时间状语及how long等连用。
—How long may I keep this book？这本书我可借多长时间？
—Two weeks.两周。
图解助记：

注意：意为“归还”时return是及物动词，后直接加物，加to可再接人，即return sth.to sb.如：You should return the piano to Dick on time.你应该按时把钢琴还给迪克。
【考点抢测】
borrow　lend　keep
6．—May I __borrow__ your bike?
—Certainly，but you mustn't __lend__ it to others.
7．I __have__kept__ this book for two weeks.I have to return it
8．She __lent__ him some money.＝She __lent__ some money to him.＝He __borrowed__ some money from her.
( B )9.(2016烟台中考)—Could you please________me your notebook，Grace?
—Certainly.Here you are.
A．borrow　　B．lend　　C．to lend
( B )10.(2016永州中考模拟)—Excuse me.Can I ________ your football，please?
—Sorry，Jack ________ it just now.
A．borrow；lent
B．borrow；borrowed
C．lend；borrowed
　辨析provide与offerx k b 1 . c o m
【满分点拨】
provide，give和offer的区别
三个词均有“供给；供应”之意，区别主要在结构上。
(1)providefor＝providewith
(2)give ＝giveto
(3)offer强调“主动提供”
offer ＝offerto
【温馨提示】
若offer所接的直接宾语和间接宾语都为代词时，只能用后者。offer it to sb.(代词)
【考点抢测】
provide　offer
11．The hostess __offered__ us a cup of coffee＝The hostess __offered__ a cup of coffee __to__ us.
12．We __provided__ food __for__ the hungry children.＝We __provided__ the hungry children __with__ food.
( C )13.(2016自贡中考)This restaurant________people________delicious food.
A．provides；for　　　　B．offers；to
C．provides；with
　辨析instead与instead of
【满分点拨】
instead是副词，常用于修饰整个句子，可不译出，常放在句首或句尾，表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事。如：
Last summer I went to France.This year I'm going to Italy instead.去年夏天我去了法国，今年我要去意大利。
instead of是介词短语，其后要接词或词组。如：
They bought some oranges instead of apples.他们买了一些橘子，没有买苹果。
Last night I watched TV instead of playing games.昨天晚上我看电视了，没有玩游戏。
【考点抢测】
instead　instead of
14．Dave went cycling __instead__of__ going skating.
15．My brother isn't good at math.__Instead__，he is good at English.
16．Mr.Zhang likes reading newspapers __instead__of__ books.
17．Jack didn't have noodles for lunch.__Instead__，he had rice and fish.
　as soon as 一……就……；尽快
【满分点拨】
as soon as的用法
(1)as soon as引导时间状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)as soon as possible＝as soon as one can/could，意为“尽可能快地”。
【考点抢测】
18．我刚坐到电视机前妈妈就过来了。
My mom came over __as__ __soon__ __as__I sat down in front of the TV.
19．请尽快给我写信。
Please write to me __as__ __soon__ __as__ __possible__．
( C )20.(2016襄阳中考)—Did you catch the early bus this morning?
—Yes.The bus started to move________I got on it.
A．though　　B．before　　C．as soon as
　in order to目的是；为了
【满分点拨】
in order to用法总结
(1)in order to“为了”，可以用于句首或句中，其否定式为in order not to。
(2)in order to相当于so as to，但是so as to多用于否定句中，其否定式为so as not to。
(3)in order to和so as to表示目的时，可以转化为in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句。
为了赶上早班车，他不得不早起。
He has to get up early in order to catch the early bus.
He has to get up early in order that he can catch the early bus.
He has to get up early so that he can catch the early bus.
【考点抢测】
21．为了完成那篇报告，他熬夜到很晚。
__In__ __order__ __to__ finish the report，he stayed up late.
22．Many students start work so that they can help provide better lives for their parents.(改为同义句)
Many students start work __in__ __order__ __to__ help provide better lives for their parents.
( B )23.(2016张家界中考模拟)A lot of famous doctors gathered in Harbin ________ save“China's most beautiful teacher”—Zhang Lili.
A．so that　　　　B．in order to
C．in order that
　since conj.因为；既然　prep.自……以来
【满分点拨】
since的两种词性
(1)作介词，since＋(过去的)某一时刻＝for＋一段时间，表示一段时间。
(2)作连词，引导时间状语从句，主句通常用现在完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。
【考点抢测】
24．He has lived there for a long time.(改为同义句)
He has lived there __since__ a long time __ago__．
25．既然他们和父母住在一起，他们就应该懂得人人都有责任保持家的干净整洁。
__Since__ they live in one house with their parents，they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
( B )26.(2016呼和浩特中考)I'm looking after Tom today.He's been in my house________8：00 this morning.
A．at　　　B．since　　　C．for
( A )27.(2016株洲中考模拟)—I can hardly believe my eyes.Is that you，Lucy?
—Yes.It has been almost 20 years ________ we were together.
A．since B．before C．after
　get on with和睦相处；关系良好
【满分点拨】
get on的用法
(1)get on＝get along相处；进展；与……合得来
(2)get on/along well with sb.与某人相处得好
(3)get on/along well with sth.某事进展得好
(4)How are you getting on/along with sb./sth.?
你与某人相处得怎样？/某事进展得如何？
【归纳拓展】get on还可表示“上车”，其反义短语是get off，意为“下车”。
【考点抢测】
( C )28.(2016呼和浩特中考)Don't worry！I'm sure you'll________your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them.
A．catch up with
B．be pleased with
C．get on well with
29．I'm getting on well with my new classmates.(对画线部分提问)
__How__ __are__ you getting on with your new classmates?
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