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安徽凤阳县凤阳二中七年级英语下册-第八单元-词汇和句型精讲-人教新目标版.doc

1、 Unit 8 I'd like some noodles.   1.special n. 特价品;特色菜   1)今天的特价午餐是什么?   What’s today’s lunch special?   2)我们店有两种新的特价菜。   We have two great new specials in our restaurant.   adj. 特别的;专门的   3)我会在她生日时给她个特殊的礼物。   I’ll give her something special on her birthday.   4)会有专车来接她。   A special ca

2、r will pick her up.   specially adv. 特别地;专门地   5)专门训练过的狗经常被用来帮助盲人。   Specially trained dogs are often used to help the blind.   2.drink n. 饮料;酒;(酒,水等的)一杯   1)我不喜欢喝热 / 冷 / 饮料。   I don’t like hot drinks / cold drinks / soft drinks.   2)他们周末经常一起喝酒。   They often have a drink on weekends.   3)喝

3、杯水吧!走了这么远的路你一定渴了。   You must be thirsty after the long walk. Have a drink of water.   vt. drink --- drank ---drunk 喝   4)让我给你弄点喝的。   Let me get you something to drink.   drink sth. to sb. 举杯祝某人…   5)咱们举杯祝她好运/成功/健康。   Let’s drink good luck / success / health to her.   6)我爸爸已经戒酒了。   My fat

4、her has given up drinking.   3. order n. 命令   1)军人必须服从命令。   Soldiers must obey orders.   n. 次序,顺序   2)所有的书按顺序吗?   Are all the books in order?   3)按听到的顺序写出单词。   Write the words in the order that you hear them.   4)我觉得这些书页放乱了。   I think these pages are out of order.   n.(尤指机器等)运转良好,正常

5、   5)电梯现在运转正常。   The lift / elevator is now in working order.   6)投币电话出故障了。   The pay phone is out of order.   n. 点餐;订货   7)你现在可以点餐了吗?   May I take your order now?   8)我们要订购一台新洗衣机。   We’ll place an order for a new washing machine.   9)请填写订货/点菜单。   Please fill in the order form.   vt.

6、 命令;吩/嘱咐   order sb (not) to do. 命令/吩咐某人(不)做   10)他命令他的部下立刻出发。   He ordered his men to start at once.   11)医生嘱咐他不要再吸烟了。   The doctor ordered him not to smoke any more.   12)他命令我们立刻离开。(虚拟语气)   He ordered (that) we (should) leave at once.   in order (not) to do sth. 以便…(不)能 ,为了(不)做…   13)为了

7、能按时到那里,你可以搭爸爸的车。   In order to get there on time, you can get a ride from your father.   14)植物要生存得需要水。   Plants need water in order to live.   15)为了不错过班车,她今天早上起得很早。   In order not to miss the bus, she got up early this morning.   vt. order sth. 点餐;订货   16)你准备好点餐了吗?   Are you ready to order

8、 your dinner?   17)他们已经为你生日订了一个蛋糕。   They've ordered a cake for your birthday.   vt. 把…呼来唤去   18)我希望她停止对我呼来唤去。   I hope she will stop ordering me around.   语法:   名词复数的变化规律   一、名词复数的构成方法及读音规则   1.一般情况加–s:清辅音后读 /s/。例如:   map—maps; drink—drinks; roof—roofs; park—parks;   元音后读 /z。例如:

9、   boy—boys; show—shows; zoo—zoos;   panda — pandas; car —cars; singer—singers;   浊辅音后读 /z/。例如:   girl—girls; pen—pens; friend—friends;   bag—bags; lab — labs; room — rooms;   2.以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加–es, 读 /iz/。如:   bus—buses watch—watches   box—boxes brush—brushes   match—matches fish—fish

10、es   3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y 为i,再加es, 读 /z/。例如:   baby—babies; strawberry—strawberries   country—countries; story— stories   family—families; city—cities   但以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。     two Marys  the Henrys   boy—boys; monkey— monkeys;    play—plays; holiday—holidays      4.以o结尾的名词,

11、变复数时:   1)加s, 如:   photo---photos, zoo---zoos   piano---pianos, radio---radios ;   2)加es, 如:   potato---potatoes,   tomato---tomatoes,   hero---heroes(英雄),   Negro---Negroes (黑人)   volcano---volcanoes(火山),   mosquito---mosquitoes (蚊子)   mango---mangoes / mangos(芒果),   5.以f或fe 结尾的

12、名词变复数时:   1)加s,如:   belief---beliefs(信仰,信任)    roof---roofs (房顶)   safe---safes(保险柜)   gulf---gulfs (海沟,海湾)   handkerchief---handkerchiefs/ handkerchieves (手绢/帕)   scarf---scarfs / scarves (围巾)   2)去f, fe 加ves,如:   half---halves (半) knife---knives    leaf---leaves  wolf---wolves   wife-

13、wives  life---lives(生命)    thief---thieves shelf---shelves (架子)   self---selves(自己)   6.以th结尾的词,在词尾加-s。   mouth---mouths, path---paths(小路),   death---deaths(死亡的人),   month---months   二、名词复数的不规则变化   1.child---children,  foot---feet,    tooth---teeth, goose---geese(鹅),   mouse---m

14、ice(小老鼠),     man---men,  woman---women,    注意:由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。   an Englishman--two Englishmen。   但German不是合成词,所以复数形式为Germans.   2.单复同形。如:   deer鹿,  sheep 绵羊   3.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。   people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people(一个人),a police,a cattle;   (但是可

15、以有:a people : 一个民族)   但在表达“一个…”时,可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle .   4.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:   1)maths(英:数学),politics(政治),physics(物理)等学科名词,虽然后有-s,但是为单数形式。   2)news 为不可数名词。   3)the United States,the United Nations 视为单数。   4)以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如:   “The Arabian Nights” is a very in

16、teresting story book.   《一千零一夜》是一本很有趣的故事书。   5.表示由两部分构成的东西,只有复数形式。   glasses; trousers; pants; shorts; shoes; compasses(圆规)scissors(剪刀)等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套)。   a pair of glasses “一副眼镜”;   two pairs of trousers “两条裤子” 等。   6.另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思。如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)

17、鱼。    三、表示“某国人”的单复数变化:   1.单复数形式相同   Chinese---Chinese; Japanese---Japanese: Swiss---Swiss(瑞士人)   2.加-s的词:   German---Germans (德国人)   Russian---Russians(俄罗斯人)   Roman---Romans (罗马人)   American---Americans   Arab---Arabs (阿拉伯人)   3.有变化的词有:   Frenchman---Frenchmen; Englishman-Engli

18、shmen   四、合成名词变为复数时:   1.第一个或最后一个词变成复数。   girl friend---girl friends (女朋友)   boy student---boy students (男学生)   grown-up---grown-ups (成年人)   passer-by---passers-by (过路人)   son-in-law ---sons-in-law(女婿)   2.构成合成名词的两个词都要变为复数。   man servant---men servants (男仆人)   woman teacher---women te

19、achers   man doctor --- men doctors   1.What kind of noodles would you like? (P47—1C)   你想吃哪种类型的面条?   would like + sth. / to do sth. / sb. to do sth 想/想要/愿意…   1)---你想喝什么?   ---我想喝杯茶。   ---What would you like to drink?   ---I’d like a cup of tea.   2)她不想那样做。   She wouldn’t like to do

20、that.   3)我想让你和我一起去那里。   I’d like you to go there with me.   would like与want的区别:   would like与want都有“愿意,想,想要”的意思,但用法略有不同:   A:表示愿望时would like与want意思接近,但would like更加客气、更礼貌、更委婉一些。   B:would like主要用于委婉地提出请求或建议,常用于口语中。   C:would like与want两个词可以互换,但want有时态、人称变化,而would like则没有。   what kind of…询问

21、哪一种…”。   4)你妈妈喜欢哪种水果?   What kind of fruit does your mother like?   kind 名词,表示事物的种类。   a kind of 一种   5)竹子是一种草。   Bamboo is a kind of grass.   6)这是一种蔬菜吗?   Is this a kind of vegetable?   this / that kind of 这/那一种   7)这种书在青少年中很畅销。   This kind of book is very popular among teenagers.

22、  all kinds of = kinds of = different kinds of   各种各样的   8)动物园里有各种各样的动物。   There are all kinds of animals in the zoo.   9)这家服装店卖各种各样的T-恤衫。   The clothes store sells different kinds of T-shirts.   2.I’d like beef and tomato noodles, please.(P47—1c) 我想吃牛肉西红柿面。   =I’d like noodles with beef an

23、d tomatoes.   注意: I’d like beef and tomato noodles.   名词作定语修饰名词时,修饰词一般不用复数形式。   1)河边有很多苹果树。   There are many apple trees near the river.   2)你想要两碗鸡蛋西红柿面吗?   Would you like two bowls of egg and tomato noodles?   3)他的叔叔在一家面条店里工作。   His uncle works in a noodle house. =His uncle works in a ho

24、use of noodles.   4)打扰一下。你能告诉我饺子馆在哪里吗?   Excuse me. Can you tell me where the dumpling house is?   =Excuse me. Can you tell me where the house of dumplings is?   5)我要一大份草莓香蕉冰激凌。   I’d like a big strawberry and banana ice cream.   6)学生活动调查结果是什么?   What is the result of the student activity

25、survey?   a sports club  体育俱乐部   sports shoes  运动鞋   sports collections 体育收藏品   sports shirt (男子的)运动衣   sports meet / meeting 运动会   sports car 跑车   sports作定语,常用复数形式,只用在名词前面。   3.What size bowl of noodles would you like?(P48—Grammar Focus)   你想要多大碗的面条?   what size 询问尺寸、大小,“多大尺寸,什么号码的”。si

26、ze 是名词,可以表示物品的大小、尺寸、号码。   1)---你要多大号码的鞋?---我要38码的。   ---What size shoes would you like?   ---I’d like Size 38.   2)这件T恤有点小,你能给我一件大号的吗?   This T-shirt is a little small for me. Would you like to show me a larger size?   a bowl of …”一碗…”;   冠词/数词+容器名词+of+名词   3)她晚饭只喝了一碗粥。   She only had a bo

27、wl of porridge for dinner.   4)那个男孩午饭吃了两碗米饭。   The boy had two bowls of rice for lunch.   a cup of / two cups of tea一/两杯 茶   a basket of / three baskets of apples一/三篮子苹果   a bag of / four bags of rice 一/四袋子大米   a glass of / two glasses of milk一/两杯牛奶   4.Extended sentences(拓展)   Waiter:   ·

28、Welcome to … This way, please.   · Can I help you? / What can I do for you?   · Here’s the menu.   · May I take your order now?   · Wait a minute / moment, please…   · Here’s the change, please.   Customer:   · I’d like a table for two / four.   · May I order / take an order now?   · W

29、hat (kind of …/ size) do you have?   · How much is the big bowl of…?   · That’s too expensive. I’d like …   5.At the house of dumplings, we have some great specials!  (P51—3a)   在我们的饺子馆,我们有一些特价餐!   special adj. 形容词,“特殊的,特别的,专门的”;此处作为名词,表示“特价商品,特别节目,特刊等”。   1)他是我一个特殊的朋友。(形容词)   He is a specia

30、l friend of mine.   2)今天的报纸上没有什么特殊的东西。   There’s nothing special in today’s newspaper.  (形容词)   3)他们将坐专列从上海来北京。   They will take a special train from Shanghai to Beijing. (形容词)   4)今天你们餐馆的特价菜是什么? (名词)   What is today’s special in your restaurant?   5)昨天我在回家的路上买了一本体育特刊。   I bought a sports sp

31、ecial on my way home yesterday. (名词)   6.Special 1 has beef and onion, and is just 10 RMB for 15 dumplings. (P51—3a)   1号特价餐有牛肉和洋葱,15个饺子只需10元。   for 有时可以代替好多动词,在此译成“买到”。   1)他没有钱打出租车。   He didn’t have any money for a taxi.   2)我昨天得回家吃午饭。   I had to go home for lunch yesterday.   3)今天早上她把作业落

32、在家里了,她得回家取。    She left her homework at home this morning and she had to go home for it.    7.中考链接   1)---Shall we stay at home watching TV tonight?   ---No. I’d like _____ and see a film.   A.to go   B.go   C.went   D.going   [答疑编号500201090301]   『正确答案』A   2)---What would you l

33、ike to drink?   ---It doesn’t matter. ____ will do.   A.Nothing   B.Everything   C.Something   D.Anything   [答疑编号500201090302]   3)---What a hot day! Have you had a drink?   ---Yes. I’d like to have ___ after work.   A.it   B.one   C.other   D.another   [答疑编号500201090303]  

34、 4)---Would you like one of the moon cakes?   ---______.   A.Yes, please   B.Yes, I would   C.No, please   D.No, I don’t   [答疑编号500201090304]   『正确答案』A   5)---Mum, I’m hungry.   ---What about going to KFC ______hamburgers?   A.eat   B.to eat   C.eating   D.and eat   [答疑编号5

35、00201090305]   『正确答案』B   6)Look at the _____, sir. The white shirt is larger than the yellow one.   A.Shirt   B.size   C.weight   D.color   [答疑编号500201090306]   『正确答案』B   7)---Good morning, madam. Can I help you?   ---Sure. I’d like ___ for cooking vegetables.   A.two cups

36、of coffee   B.three pieces of bread   C.one bowl of dumplings   D.five kilos of oil   [答疑编号500201090307]   8)---What’s your favorite _____?   ---Oranges.   A.color   B.fruit   C.juice   D.vegetable   [答疑编号500201090308]   『正确答案』B   9)The British people eat ____ a lot, which

37、are usually cooked in different ways.   A.chicken   B.beef   C.fish   D.potatoes   [答疑编号500201090309]   10)---Can I help you?   ---I’d like ____ for my twin daughters.   A.two pairs of shoes   B.two pairs of shoe   C.two pair of shoe   D.two pairs of shoes   [答疑编号500201090310]

38、   『正确答案』A   11) ---______?   ---Size 8. Can I try one on?   A.How much is it   B.How many do you want   C.What time is it   D.What size do you wear   [答疑编号500201090311]   12)---Would you like something to drink, ____ or coffee?   ---Coffee, please.   A.tea   B.fruit   C.bread

39、   D.meat   [答疑编号500201090312]   『正确答案』A   Writing    Order Form   SPECIAL 1 mutton & potato SPECIAL 2 chicken & mushroom SPECIAL 3 beef & egg SPECIAL 4 beef & carrot OTHERS small         medium         Jim large           · Write down what kinds of

40、noodles and what size your group members would like according to the order form.      Noodles are Chinese traditional food. They are delicious. Many people like eating noodles. Here we have 4 specials.   Lily would like a small bowl of chicken and mushroom noodles. Tom would like a large bowl of mutton and potato noodles. Jim doesn’t like any of the specials. He’d like a medium bowl of mushroom and pork noodles.   We all like Chinese food. 11

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