新GREIssue官方范文整理汇总.doc

　　英语学习无论对于学生还是职场人士来说都是非常重要的，很多要出国留学的学生需要准备对应的托福、雅思、SAT、GRE、GMAT等留学考试，获得较高的分数才能申请相对较好的国外大学。国内大学生经常要备考的是四六级考试，能在四六级考试中获得较高的分数，在今后的职场工作总也会有一定的优势。英语的学习词汇是基础，各个不同等级的考试对于词汇量的要求也不同，一般要求的词汇量在3000-20000不等。学好英语在掌握足够词汇量的基础上还要对语法有一定的了解，生活中多练习口语，掌握一些口语交流技能。为大家整理汇总了下述英语学习材料，方便大家学习查看。
　　为了让大家更好的备考新GREIssue ，给大家整理了新GREIssue官方范文，快来一起学习吧。下面就和大家，来欣一下吧。
　　新GREIssue 官方范文整理1
　　Issue test 2
　　“The best way for a society to prepare its young people for leadership in
　　government, industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of
　　cooperation, not competition.”
　　Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or
　　disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to
　　address the most compelling reasons or examples that could be used to challenge
　　your position.
　　Essay Response – Score 6
　　Whenever people argue that history is a worthless subject or that there is
　　nothing to be gained by just “memorizing a bunch of stupid names and dates,” I
　　simply hold my tongue and smile to myself. What I’m thinking is that, as cliche
　　as it sounds, you do learn a great deal from history (and woe to those who fail
　　to learn those lessons). It is remarkable to think of the number of
　　circumstances and situations in which even the most rudimentary knowledge of
　　history will turn out to be invaluable. Take, for example, the issue at hand
　　here. Is it better for society to instill in future leaders a sense of
　　competition or cooperation Those who have not examined leaders throughout time
　　and across a number of fields might not have the ability to provide a thorough
　　and convincing answer to this question, in spite of the fact that it is crucial
　　to the future functioning of our society. Looking closely at the question of
　　leadership and how it has worked in the past, I would have to agree that the
　　best way to prepare young people for leadership roles is to instill in them a
　　sense of cooperation.
　　Let us look first at those leaders who have defined themselves based on
　　their competitiveness. Although at first glance it may appear that a leader must
　　have a competitive edge in order to gain and then maintain a leadership
　　position, I will make two points on this subject. First, the desire to compete
　　is an inherent part of human nature; that is, it is not something that needs to
　　be “instilled” in young people. Is there anyone who does not compete in some way
　　or another every single day You try to do better than others in your school
　　work or at the office, or you just try to do better than yourself in some way,
　　to push yourself. When societies instill competitiveness in their leaders, it
　　only leads to trouble. The most blatant example in this case is Adolf Hitler,
　　who took competition to the very extreme, trying to prove that his race and his
　　country were superior to all. We do not, however, need to look that far to fi nd
　　less extreme examples (i.e., Hitler is not the extreme example that disproves
　　the rule). The recent economic meltdown was caused in no large part by the
　　leaders of American banks and financial institutions who were obsessed with
　　competing for the almighty dollar. Tiger Woods, the ultimate competitor in
　　recent golfing history and in many ways a leader who brought the sport of golf
　　to an entirely new level, destroyed his personal life (and perhaps his
　　career--still yet to be determined) by his overreaching sense that he could
　　accomplish anything, whether winning majors or sleeping with as many women as
　　possible. His history of competitiveness is well documented; his father pushed
　　him froma very early age to be the ultimate competitor. It served him well in
　　some respects, but it also proved to be detrimental and ultimately quite
　　destructive.
　　Leaders who value cooperation, on the other ahnd, have historically been
　　less prone to these overreaching, destructive tendencies. A good case in point
　　would be Abraham Lincoln. Now, I am sure at this point you are thinking that
　　Lincoln, who served as President during the Civil War and who refused to
　　compromise with the South or allow secession, could not possibly be my model of
　　cooperation! Think, however, of the way Lincoln structured his Cabinet. He did
　　not want a group of “yes men” who would agree with every word he said, but
　　instead he picked people who were more likely to disagree with his ideas. And he
　　respected their input, which allowed him to keep the government together in the
　　North during a very tumultuous period (to say the least). My point in choosing
　　the Lincoln example is that competitiveness and conflict may play better to the
　　masses and be more likely to be recorded in the history books, but it was his
　　cooperative nature that allowed him to govern effectively. Imagine if 109the CEO
　　of a large company were never able to compromise and insisted that every single
　　thing be done in exactly her way. Very quickly she would lose the very people
　　that a company needs in order to survive, people with new ideas, people ready to
　　make great advances. Without the ability to work constructively with those who
　　have conflicting ideas, a leader will never be able to strike deals, reach
　　consensus, or keep an enterprise on track. Even if you are the biggest fish in
　　the pond, it is difficult to force your will on others forever; eventually a
　　bigger fish comes along (or the smaller finish team up against you!).
　　In the end, it seems most critical for society to instill in young people a
　　sense of cooperation. In part this is true because we seem to come by our
　　competitive side more naturally, but cooperation is more often something we
　　struggle to learn (just think of kids on the playground). And although
　　competitive victory is more showy, more often than not the real details of
　　leadership come down to the ability to work with other people, to compromise and
　　cooperate. Getting to be President of the United States or the managing director
　　of a corporation might require you to win some battles, but once you are there
　　you will need diplomacy and people-skills. Those can be difficult to learn, but
　　if you do not have them, you are likely to be a short-lived leader.
　　Reader Commentary for Essay Response – Score 6
　　This outstanding response earns a score of 6 for presenting an insightful
　　position on the issue and supporting its analysis with compelling reasons and
　　persuasive examples. The response takes the insight-ful position that
　　competition, though necessary to some aspects of leadership, is less important
　　for young people to learn because it is inherent in the human condition and can
　　lead to dangerous excesses, where-as cooperation is more difficult to learn but
　　more essential. The response follows the task directions by using
　　counterarguments in the development of its position. For example, the discussion
　　of Lincoln explores conflicting sides of his Presidency (the “competition” of
　　the Civil War and the “cooperation” within his Cabinet). In fact, the response
　　skillfully explores the nuances of both cooperation and competition, building
　　its position of agreement with the prompt by looking closely at many sides of
　　both concepts. Additionally, the response demonstrates superior facility with
　　language. There are a few minor errors, mainly typos, but in general the
　　response demonstrates excel-lent sentence variety and diction. This sentence is
　　typical of the quality of the writing throughout the response: “My point in
　　choosing the Lincoln example is that competitiveness and conflict may play
　　better to the masses and be more likely to be recorded in the history books, but
　　it was his cooperative nature that allowed him to govern effectively.” In this
　　complex sentence, the writer makes skillful use of parallel structure and
　　subordination. Because of its fluent writing and insightful development, then,
　　this response earns a score of 6.
　　新GREIssue 官方范文整理2
　　Essay Response – Score 5
　　Cooperation, the act of working as a group to achieve a collective goal, is
　　an important value for young children to learn. Another vital life lesson
　　children can learn is how to be competitive, which is a mindset in which a
　　person feels the need to accomplish more than another person. Both are necessary
　　to become well rounded individuals, but concerning preparing for a future in
　　government, industry or various other fields, a sense of cooperation is much
　　more important. While not all children are overly competitive in nature, every
　　person has some level of competitive drive inside them. This is a natural thing
　　and is perfectly normal. Unfortunately, if this competitive nature is
　　emphasized, the child will have problems relating socially to other children,
　　and subsequently, will have issues interacting with adults later in life. A
　　fierce competitive drive will blind an individual, causing them to not see
　　situations where group effort will be more greatly rewarded than an individual
　　effort. Take for instance the many teams of people working for NASA. If the
　　people that make up these teams were all out to prove that they were superior to
　　others, our entire space program would be jeapordized. One needs to look beyond
　　the scope of what is best on an individual level and learn to look at what will
　　most benefit a broad group of people. This is where instilling a sense of
　　cooperation in young children is vital. Cooperation is taught at an early age
　　and must be emphasized throughout life to fully embrace the concept.
　　In the world of sports a competitive drive is vital; unfortunately, life is
　　not a sports game that simply leads to a winning or losing score. Life is far
　　more complex than this simple idea and there is no winner or loser designation
　　to accompany it. We all have to work together to come to a conclusion that will
　　assist 110not just ourselves, but others and future generations. In every
　　scenario there will be individuals that have brilliant ideas, but those ideas
　　require other people to build upon, perfect and impliment. Take for instance
　　Bill Gates; Bill Gates is responsible for the Microsoft coorporation which he
　　invented in his garage. His competitive drive assisted in building his idea, but
　　it was the collaborative effort of many people that helped propel his invention
　　into the world known product it is today. Without the cooperation of others, his
　　genius invention might never have made it out of his garage. It may be true that
　　an individual can change the world, but only so far as to say that an individual
　　can construct an idea that will inevitably change the world. Once an idea is
　　formulated, it then takes a team of people working collectively towards a common
　　goal to make sure that the brillant, life-altering idea makes it to furtuition.
　　Without the cooperation of many, an idea could simply remain as a picture on a
　　drawing board. It is because of this possibility that instilling a cooperative
　　demeanor in children is much more important than developing a competivie
　　attitude. Competition is a natural thing that will develop with or without
　　encouragement but the same cannot be said for a sense of cooperation.
　　Reader Commentary for Essay Response – Score 5
　　Arguing that cooperation is less natural and more important for leadership,
　　this response develops a thoughtful position on the issue and conveys meaning
　　clearly and well. For these reasons it earns a score of 5. Note that it does not
　　develop its reasons and examples as thoroughly as the sample 6 does, but it
　　still presents thoughtful analysis using well chosen examples. For example, the
　　discussion of Bill Gates is thoughtful, exploring the ways that both competition
　　(the “competitive drive” that led him to found a company) and cooperation (the
　　“collaborative effort of many people” is what made the company work) were
　　essential to his success as a leader. Throughout the response, then,
　　counterarguments are used to create a nuanced position on the issue. The writer
　　looks at conflicting aspects of competition, which is vital but insufficient for
　　life because life is “more complex” than a sporting event, and cooperation,
　　which is critical but more difficult to learn. In addition, the writer conveys
　　meaning clearly, demonstrating sentence variety and a facility with language
　　that is more than adequate. There are a few minor errors, mainly typos and
　　misspelled words, but language control in this response is more than adequate
　　(e.g., “One needs to look beyond the scope of what is best on an individual
　　level and learn to look at what will most benefit a broad group of people.”).
　　Because of its facility with language and its thoughtful position on the issue,
　　this response earns a score of 5.
　　新GREIssue 官方范文整理3
　　Essay Response – Score 4
　　When the generation of today matures, it is important for them to succeed
　　and become the successful leaders in government, industry and other fields.
　　There are many traits that leaders must possess, and cooperation is one of these
　　very important characters. Nonetheless it is important for leaders to have a
　　sense of competition, so as to prevent themselves from being complacent with
　　their position.
　　Cooperation is needed in order to be a functional person in society, while
　　still adhering to social standards. Most leaders in society, did not start out
　　as such. A person cannot isolate themselves from others with demeanor and
　　attitude and expect to become an executive. While there may be leaders that have
　　developed this ill attitude towards others, they did not get there by being that
　　way. A person who is able to effectively cooperate with others, will
　　subsequently develop a nexus of supporters. Through collaboration, people are
　　able to develop their studies further and better themselves. However, it is
　　still important for there to be a sense of competition. Competition is the root
　　of motivation for most. It drives us to become stronger, smarter, and to want
　　more. Nonetheless, the spirit of competition must also be reigned in, and not be
　　allowed to run wild. Competitiveness can lead to abuse of power and distasteful
　　actions, which is quite the opposite of someone who displays
　　cooperativeness.
　　Some may argue that competition is not needed. That those that are meant to
　　be leaders will not become complacent, because they have their own internal
　　drive to lead. If there was no competition, there would be no world records.
　　Michael Phelps may not be a leader of government or industry, but he is
　　certainly educated on the technique of swimming, and leader in his field. Would
　　he be as