中考词汇专项复习.doc

年级 九 科目 英语 设计人 何希云中考英语词汇专项复习一、构词法1动词名词work worker invent inventor teach teachersing singer visit visitordrive driver invent invention operate operation writewriter 2名词名词farm farmerpolice policemanFrench FrenchmanChineseChinese3名词形容词care carefuluse useful cloud cloudy China Chinesesun sunny wind windy rain rainy America Americaninterest interesting difference different iceicy4形容词副词quick quicklyhappy happily possible possibly true trulypolite politely wide widely usefulusefully carefulcarefully angryangrily5形容词反义词happy unhappyusual unusualable unable fairunfairexpensiveunexpensive二、常用词、词组和短语的英语解释例如：look aftertake care of right awayat onceright nownow at the momenthave a resttake a restin the middle ofin the centre ofdo well inbe good atin front- in the frontdo the washing-do some washing三、兼类词和多义词的词类及用法例如：1right adj正确的She is wrongIm right她错了我是对的。adv恰恰，正好Its right on your head它正好在你头上。n右边Li lei sits on my right李雷坐在我右边。2back n背，后背，后部adv向后，回原处Put your bag behind your back（n）把你的书包放在背后。Shell be back（adv）in five minutes她五分钟后回来。3poor adj贫穷的；可怜的；不好的She was too poor to buy a house她穷得买不起房子住。The poor old woman had no room to live in这位可怜的老妇人没有地方住。He is poor at dancing他不擅于跳舞。4call v称呼，取名；呼唤，叫来；大声说，叫喊n叫，喊 （一次）电话，通话The girl was called LanLan这个女孩被叫做兰兰。Youd better call a teacher你最好请老师来。She heard someone calling她听见有人在叫。He heard a call for help他听到呼救的声音。Hell give me a call later他以后再给我打电话。四、同义词（近义词），反义词（对应词）的词类及用法例如：1any和some二者都有“一些”的意思，any多用于疑问句和否定句，some 多用于肯定句。但在表示请求、邀请、期待肯定答复的问句中，常用some代替any。I can see some students in the gardenI cant see any people thereWould you like some bananas?2Borrow from lend toborrow常和from搭配，表示“借来”“借入”lend常与to搭配，表示“借给”“借出”Will you please lend me your English book?Sorry, Ive lent it to TomThank you all the sameIll borrow it from Mary3take, bring, carrytake：将某物或某人带离说话人那里。bring则相反，是带到说话人处。例如：Bring your sister here tomorrowCould you take it to the room?carry是随身携带，不表明来去的方向，如：I cant carry the deskIts too heavy4find, look for, find outfind意为“找到”，look for是“寻找”，find out 是“发现、查明（真相）”She cant find her coatShe is looking for itWe are trying to find out who broke the window5look, see, watchlook是“看”，经常和at搭配，look at看如：Look at the blackboardsee是“看见”。如：Can you see the birds in the tree? watch是“观看”如：I am watching TV nom6other, the other, others, anotherother可作为形容词，意为“其他的”如：What other things can you see?要注意掌握onethe other的用法，表示（两者中的）一个另一个，如：I have two pensOne is red, the other is greenothers泛指另外的人或物。the others表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”，如：Some girls are singing , （the）others are playing footballanother意为“另一个”。如：I want another orange7speak, say, talk, tellspeak重在指人们对语言的掌握或使用。say强调说话的内容，talk指交谈或连续说话, 常与with或to搭配。tell意为告诉一个事实。如：I can speak a little ChineseShe said she was going to be a doctorWhat are you talking about?Could you tell me the way to the cinema?8too, also, eithertoo, also, either都表示“也”。too用在句末，只用于肯定句。also置于句中，也只用于肯定句。either通常置于句末，用于否定句。如：I am a worker, tooShe is also a workerHe isnt a farmer, either9reach, arrive, get to三者都表示到达。“get to +地点”多用于口语副词前要省去to。reach是及物动词，后面直接加地点。arrive是不及物动词，要用介词in或at再加地点，较大地点用in，较小的地点用at, 如：Have they arrived in Shanghai?We reached Beijing last night I get there at seven every day10cost, pay, spendcost的主语只能是“物”，不能是人。spend一般是用人而不是用物做主语spend in(doing )/spend on 。cost表示“值（多少）钱”“花费”，spend表示“花费”“度过”。pay表示付款pay for 。可以记住下列句型：1）主语（物）cost sbsth2）主语（人）spend. in doing sth. / on sth.3）pay与for连用，主语（人）pay for .例句：She paid fifteen yuan for the bookThey spent ten yuan on the bookWe spend half an hour in reading English ever dayThe book cost him nine yuan学后反思