特殊词精讲.doc

特殊词精讲
1 stop doing/to do
stop to do　停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事，stop doing　停止做某事。例如：
They stop to smoke a cigarette.　 他们停下来，抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking.　　　　　 我必须戒烟了。
典型例题
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___　on a big rock by the side of the path.　
A. to have rested　 B. resting　 C. to rest　 D. rest
答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择\"stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。
2 forget doing/to do
forget to do　忘记要去做某事，forget doing　忘记做过某事。例如：
The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。（没有做关灯的动作）
He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.　　　　　　　　　　
A. turning it off　 B. turn it off　 C. to turn it off　 D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
3 remember doing/to do
remember to do 记得去做某事，remember doing　记得做过某事。例如：
Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
4 regret doing/to do
regret to do　对将要做的事遗憾，regret doing　对做过的事遗憾、后悔。例如：
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.　我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
典型例题
---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do　 B. to be doing　 C.　to have done　 D.　having done
答案：D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。 　　
5 try doing/to do
try to do　努力，企图做某事，try doing　试验，试着做某事。例如：
You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
6 go on doing/to do
go on to do　做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，go on doing　继续做原来做的事。例如：
After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后，他接着去做物理。
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.
作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
7 be afraid of doing/to do
be afraid to do　不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"，be afraid of doing　担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。例如：
She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，不敢在草丛中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
8 be interested in doing/to do
interested to do　对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事，interested in doing　 对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。例如：
I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道发生了什么事。（想了解）
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?
我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? （一种想法）
9 mean to doing/to do
mean to do　 打算、想，mean doing　意味着。例如：
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 增加工资意味着增加购买力。
10 begin（start） doing/to do
begin / start to do sth /begin / start doing sth.
1） 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing。例如：
How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你几岁时开始弹钢琴？
2） begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do。例如：
I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。
3） 在begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。例如：
I begin to understand the truth。我开始明白真相。
4） 事物作主语时。例如：
The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了
11 感官动词 + doing/to do
感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性，+doing 表示动作的进行性。例如：
I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
（强调"我看见了"这个事实）
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）
典型例题
1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.　
A. grow　 B. grew　 C. was growing　 D. to grow
答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。
2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.　
A. playing　 B. to be playing　　C. play　　D. to play
答案A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型。
2