语法专题一定语从句复习.doc

启东 上品教育 定语从句专项练习语法复习定语从句Revision: The Attributive Clause前提测评：（找出先行词和定语从句）(1)I dont believe the news which /that /he told me . (2)The reason why he was late for class was that he overslept.(3)Id like a room whose window looks out over the sea.(4)I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. (5)zoo is a place where you can see all kinds of animals .(6)Anyone who wins the first prize has the chance to go abroad. 定语从句是英语语法学习中的一大难关，也是高考中的常考点。主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从句(特别是当先行词是整个句子时)，由“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句等。做有关定语从句题目时，一定要将先行词还原到从句里，看其在从句部分充当什么成分。1关系代词和关系副词的基本用法 关系代词指人指物主语宾语定语表语主语宾语定语表语that，whothat，who，whom(可省)whosethatthat，whichthat，which(可省)whosethat关系副词时间地点原因when介词whichwhere介词whichwhyfor which注学习定语从句时，必须加强对从句句子结构的分析，切记关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语，而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：I still remember the day _ we studied together.I still remember the day _ we spent together.This is the factory _ he used to work.This is the factory _ we visited yesterday.This is the factory _ makes this kind of car.This is the reason _ he explained.This is the reason _ he failed in the exam.I dont know the way _ he found last time.I dont know the way _ he solved the problem last time.2介词关系代词 介词后只能用which指物，whom 指人，不可用that。介词的选用可根据从句中相关词组确定，也可结合句意根据先行词确定。该介词也可放在从句之尾。用适当的“介词关系代词”填空：He is the person _ we should learn.The bag _ he put his books is lost.The man _ she is talking is a doctor.The train _ he was travelling was late.3关系代词 as的用法 用于限制性定语从句中：当先行词被so，as，such，the same所修饰时，关系代词用as指人或物，而不用which。用于非限制性定语从句中： 非限制性定语从句，特别是先行词是整个主句时，由which和as引导的非限制性定语从句，是高考命题的热点。注 as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面；as引导的从句有“正如”之意，而which则没此意。用适当的关系词填空：This is such a heavy bag _ I cant carry.This is such a heavy bag _ I cant carry it.I want to buy the same pen _ you have.This is the same place _ I visited three years ago.This is the same place _ I worked three years ago.He failed in the exam，_ made his father very angry.He failed in the exam，_ I had expected.A lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. 4并列句和非限制性定语从句的判断 并列句是由两个简单句组成的，句子中间必须要有并列连词；而定语从句是由主句和从句构成的。 完成下列句子：He has two brothers, and both of _ are workers.He has two brothers, both of _ are workers.China has hundreds of islands，the largest of _ is Taiwan.China has hundreds of islands，and the largest of _ is Taiwan.He may not come, in _ case we will not wait for him.He may not come and in _ case we will not wait for him.5先行词模糊化 表地点的先行词模糊化在句中作状语时用关系副词where，相当于in which；在句中作主语和宾语仍用关系代词。常见的词有：point，situation，position，profession，job，case，system，scene，activity，society，culture，strategy，model，accident，economy，crime等；常见的表时间的词有：period，occasion，stage，interval，stay等。用适当的关系词填空：This is one point _ we must insist on.I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.6定语从句中的数要保持一致 关系代词指代的是先行词，因此定语从句中的谓语在数上应与先行词保持一致。完成下列句子：Those who _(break) the law should be punished.Anyone who _(break)the law should be punished.Whoever _(break) the law should be punished.He is one of the students who _praised at yesterdays meeting.He is the one of the students who _praised at yesterdays meeting.7定语从句中含有插入语 定语从句和先行词之间常常会有I think，you know，I believe，I thought 等插入语。做此类题目时，我们要先去除插入语，再选择正确的关系词。完成下列句子：This is the school _ you know I once studied.I picked up a man _ I thought was honest.I picked up a man _ I thought to be honest.He made a discovery, _(我认为) is very important.8只能用that 或which的情况 只用that 的场合：当先行词既指人又指物时。当先行词是不定代词anything，nothing，everything，all，some，little，few，much，none 或被不定代词修饰时。当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。当先行词被the only和the very所修饰时。当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。当要避免与疑问词which重复时。只用which 的场合： 介词which”，指物。 非限制性定语从句中。 防止重复。指人的性质身份时，而不是指人时。用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：He told us all _ had happened.This is the most interesting film_ I have ever seen.This is the first place _ we visited yesterday.This is the first place _ we worked.This is the only plant _ grows in the area.The earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.The glasses without _ he couldnt see clearly were lost. I said nothing, _ made him angry.9关系代词whose的用法 在高考中，关系代词whose的考点频繁出现。在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词用whose，在表示某物时，相当于then.of which 或of whichthen.。用适当的关系词填空：Do you know the man in _ car she came here?The man pulled out a gold watch，_ hands were made of small diamonds.The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of _ were made of small diamonds.The man pulled out a gold watch, of _ the hands were made of small diamonds.10找准先行词 一般说来，定语从句是跟在它所修饰的先行词之后，但有时也会出现先行词和定语从句被一个词或一个短语所分隔，或者谓语太短等情况，这时我们要根据定语从句的句意判断哪一个词是先行词。 用适当的关系词填空：Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year.Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. The days are gone _ we used the foreign oil.11“the onethat/which/where”和that，which，where的区别 完成下列句子：Is this the museum _ you visited last year?Is this museum _ you visited last year?Is this museum _ you worked last year?Is this the museum _ you worked last year?12from where和since when结构的区别 完成下列句子：They stood at the window，from _ they could see what was happening in the street.The book was written in 1946, since _ the education system has witnessed great changes.13定语从句和独立主格结构 He wrote four books, all of _ translated into English.He wrote four books, all of _ were translated into English.I came to a garden, _ owner seated on a bench.I came to a garden, _ owner was seated on a bench.14. 定语从句和强调句型强调句的构成和判断：“It is/was被强调的部分(时间状语/地点状语/原因状语/方式状语/名词/代词/从句)that(指人可用who)句子的其余部分”。如：It was because he was ill that he was absent.强调句中的that只是一个单纯的连词，而定语从句中的that在从句中是要充当主语、宾语或表语的。It was on the farm_ they visited _ they got to know.A. where; that B. which; when C. that; that D. which; whichIt was about 600 years ago _the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. that B. until C. before D. when1. (2015江苏卷)The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A. it B. which C. what D. as2. (2015浙江卷)Creating an atmosphere _ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which3. (2015陕西卷)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent.A. which B. where C. whom D. when4. (2014江苏卷)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must. A. which B. when C. as D. where5. (2014江西卷)Among the many dangers _ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.A. which B. what C. where D. when6. (2014陕西卷)Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.A. that B. which C. as D. what7. (2014重庆卷)Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.A. which B. where C. when D. what8. (2014安徽卷)The exact year _ Angola and her family spent together in China was 2008. A. when B. where C. why D. which9. (2013江苏卷)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A. where B. which C. what D. when10. (2013浙江卷)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glass houses being built.A. what B. where C. when D. why课后练习1 Ive read many stories of Lei Feng，_this is the most touching one.Awho Bof which Cof whom Dthat2Reading books，_takes the reader to other worlds，is a wonderful way to enjoy life.Athat BWhat Cas Dwhich3This was returned because the person_this letter was addressed had died three years ago.Ato whom Bto which Cwhich Dwhom4On the second floor there are two rooms，_is used as a meeting room.Athe larger of which Bone of themCthe larger one of that Dthe largest of which5Do you have anything to say for yourselves?Yes，theres one point_we must insist on.Awhy BWhere Chow D/6Following the girl，we went into a hall，on_walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.Aits BWhich Cwhose Dthose7These old pictures bring to their mind the college days_they spent together，_life was hard but happy。Awhen；whose Bwhich；whoseCwhich；when Dwhen；which8Everyone will go through lifes stages of ups and downs，_selfrespect plays a key role in the maturity of a person.Awhen BWhich Cas Dthat9There were several messages from people，most of_I didnt know，on my answering machine when I got home.Athose BWhich Cwhom Dthem10The reason_he was late was_he had to send his grandma to a hospital. Athat；why Bwhy；becauseCwhy；that Dthat；because11Every summer，the beautiful town welcomes top buskers，or street performers，_theyre called，from all over the world.Aas BThat Cwhich Dwhat12Remember that there is still one point_we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.Awhere BWhy Cwhen Dthat13The mountain，_the peak is hardly seen，is the highest mountain in the area.Awhose BWhich Cof which Dthat14That ebook is no larger than an ordinary book with a screen_you can read novels.Ain which Bof which Cthat Dwhere15Mount Huangshan is such an attractive place of interest_everyone likes to visit. Aas BThat Cwhich Dwhat16.It is reported that two schools, both of _are being built in my hometown, will open next year.A. thatB. whichC. themD. those17.How much do you have in your pocket?150 yuan, all of_ came from my grandma.A. whichB. themC. it D. that18.Jack, _ everyone can see, is an honest child.A. which B. that C. that D. as19.The size of the audience, _ we had expected, was well over 20,000.A. as B. where C. which D. why20.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, make all the others upset.A. whoB. whichC. what D. the21.Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which22.He is reading the book _he borrowed from the library yesterday.A.whose B. whereC. which D. as23.Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as24.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which25.Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A. who B. whichC. whyD. when26.Do you know the speed _ the car is running?A. at which B. which C. with which D. that27. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. whichB. on whichC. thatD. above which28.While driving through the city, she showed me the building_she once worked as a lift operator.A.among which B.which C.inwhich D.that29.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained.A. that B. forwhich C. which D. about which30.Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. why B. what C. that D. where7