过去式和分词总结.docx

动词过去式\过去分词变化规律
一、直接在动词的末尾加上
ed.如asked, played, answered, etc.
二、重读闭音节词双写其末尾的辅音字母再加ed 如stopped .
三、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i再加ed.如carry carried, reply replied etc.
动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点，为了帮助同学们记住不规则动词现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型，每个类型中又分若干组，尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点以帮助记忆。
1. A---A---A型现在式、过去式和过去分词同形
cost—cost—cost 花费 cut—cut—cut 割 切 hit— hit—hit 打
let— let— let 让 put— put— put 放下 read—read— read 读
hurt— hurt— hurt 伤
2. A---A---B型现在式和过去式同形 beat— beat— beaten
3. A---B---A型现在式和过去分词同形
Come--came—come 来 become—became—become 变 run—ran—run 跑
4. A ---B ---B型
1在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn—burnt—burnt 燃烧 learn—learned/learnt—earned/learnt 学习
mean—meant—meant 意思 hear— heard— heard 听见
(2)过去式、过去分词一样的一组
stand—stood—stood 站 understand—understood—understood 明白
win—won—won 得胜 shine—shone/shined—shone/shined 发光、照耀
feel—felt—felt 觉得 fight—fought—fought 战斗
find—found—found 发现 get— got— got 得到 sit— sat— sat 坐
hang—hanged/ hung—hanged/ hung 绞死 挂 dig— dug— dug 挖
have—had—had 有 hold—held—held 盛握 leave—left— left 离开
make—made- made 制造 meet— met— met 遇见 shoot— shot— shot 射击
tell— told— told 告诉 sell—sold— sold 卖
smell— smelt/smelled— smelt/smelled 嗅闻
3把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
build— built— built 建筑 lend— lent— lent 借给 lose— lost— lost 失去
send— sent— sent 送 spend— spent— spent 花费 
4把ay变成aid的一组
pay— paid— paid 付 l ay— laid— laid 下蛋 say—said— said 说 
5过去式、过去分词中都有ought或aught的一组
bring— brought— brought 带来 buy—bought— bought 买
think— thought— thought 想 catch— caught— caught 抓住
teach— taught— taught 教
6.动词原形中有eep的丢掉一个e再加上t的一组
sleep—slept— slept 睡 keep— kept— kept 保持 sweep— swept— swept 扫
7.A---B---C型现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同 
1在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
eat— ate— eaten 吃 fall— fell— fallen 落下 steal— stole— stolen 偷
give—gave—given 给 freeze— froze— frozen 冻结 take— took— taken 拿
see— saw— seen 看见 write— wrote— written 写 ride—rode— ridden 骑
drive—drove—driven 驾驶 draw— drew— drawn 拉,绘画 fly— flew— flown 飞
show— showed— shown 展示 
2动词原形中有ow,变成过去式后都有ew, 过去分词中都有own的一组
throw— threw— thrown 抛\扔
blow— blew— blown 吹 grow— grew —grown 生长 know—knew— known 知道
3过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
speak—spoke— spoken 说话 break— broke— broken 破碎折断
wake— waked/ woke— waked/ waken 醒choose— chose—chosen 选择
forget—forgot —forgotten 忘记
4变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”过去式和“u”过去分词。
begin—began— begun 开始 swim—swam— swum 游泳 ring—rang— rung 按铃
sing—sang— sung 唱 sink—sank— sunk 沉 drink—drank— drunk 饮
5其他不规则动词的变化。
(am, is) was/— were— been 是 are—were— been 是 do— did —done 做
go—went— gone 去 lie—lay— lain 躺 wear—wore—worn 穿
6、关于情态动词它们没有过去分词但有几个的过去式变化是一样的
will—would can—could shall—should

动词过去式变化规律
一、直接在动词的末尾加上ed.如asked, played, answered, etc.
二、重读闭音节词双写其末尾的辅音字母再加ed 如stopped、

三、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i再加ed.如carry- carried, reply -replied etc.
动词的过去式是初中英语教学中的重点，现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型，每个类型中又分若干组，尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点以帮助记忆。
一. A---A型现在式、过去式同形
cost—cost cut-cut hit—hit打 let—let put—put read—read hurt—hurt伤 beat— beat
二． A---B型
1. 动词原形中o变a构成过去式
Come--came become—became run—ran
2. 在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式
burn—burnt learn—learned/learnt mean—meant hear—heard
3. 动词原形中元音字母变成o或oo构成过去式
stand—stood understand—understood take— took win—won
shine—shone/shined get— got tell— told sell—sold
shoot— shot steal— stole freeze— froze write— wrote ride—rode
speak—spoke break— broke wake— waked/ woke choose— chose
forget—forgot drive—drove
4.把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
build— built lend— lent借给 lose— lost send— sent spend— spent
5.把ay变成aid的一组
pay— paid l ay— laid下蛋 say—said 
6.过去式中都有ought或aught的一组
bring— brought buy—bought think— thought catch— caught
teach— taught fight—fought
7.动词原形中末尾两个字母加上t的一组
sleep—slept keep— kept sweep— swept feel—felt smell— smelt/smelled
8.动词原形中有ow,变成过去式后都有ew
throw— threw blow— blew grow— grew know—knew
draw— drew fly— flew
9. 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”过去式和“u”过去分词。
begin—began swim—swam ring—rang sing—sang sink—sank沉 drink—drank give—gave sit— sat
10.其他不规则动词的变化。
(am, is) was/— were are—were do— did see— saw
go—went lie—lay wear—wore hang—hanged/ hung 绞死 挂
dig— dug have—had hold—held 盛握 leave—left
make—made meet—met find—found eat— ate fall— fell
11.关于情态动词它们没有过去分词但有几个的过去式变化是一样的
will—would can—could shall—should