M10U1导学案.doc

高三英语课案 Module10 Unit 1 Building the futurePeriod 1Reading Step1. 课前自学Pre-class1. Memorize all the new words and expressions in the text.2. Learn the following language points.Important words and phrases1) put pressure on sb. 给施加压力练：1) Were trying to _ to change the law. 我们极力给政府施加压力来修改法律。 选择填空 The pressure that the bank has _ on our company is to reduce its borrowings. A. made B. given C. sent D. put注：under pressure 译：_ relieve / reduce pressure on sb. / sth. 译：_put pressure on the government; D; 处于压力下; 缓解/减轻压力2) on top of 另外，此外练：1) I have a lot of homework to do. _（此外）that, I have some new words to learn by heart. 选择填空 _ borrowing 50, he also asked me to lend him my car. A. BesideB. On top ofC. ExceptD. Except for注： 1) on top of the hill 译：_2) at the top of ones voice 译： _ She shouted suddenly at the top of her vioce.她突然高声大叫起来。 3) from top to toe / bottom 译：_On top of; B; 在山顶上; 扯着嗓子; 从头到脚，完全3) without doubt 毫无疑问练：Jack is without doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school._ There is no doubt that _ Jack is one of the finest swimmers in the school.注：相关句型There is no doubt thatThere is no doubt that he will be successful. 毫无疑问他会成功 There is some doubt whetherThere is some doubt whether he will be successful. 他是否会成功还存在疑惑 Is there any doubt thatIs there any doubt that he will be successful? 对他将会成功还存在怀疑吗 4) at a crossroads 处于难以抉择的关键时刻练：I am _ at a crossroads _（面临抉择）because I dont know whether Ill find a good job or go to college. 5) putinto practice 将付诸实施练：1) What we need to do is to _. 我们所要做的是将这个计划付诸实施。选择填空1）Students will be able to _ their learning and language skills gained at our College.A. put into practice B. be put into practice C. make the use ofD. take charge of 2）In China, shaking hands with each other is a common _ when people meet for the first time.A. sense B. practice C. rule D. sceneput the plan into practice ；A; BStep 2课内探究During class1) There was little rainfall in Ethiopia, which led to destroyed harvests and death of many of the countrys cattle.Ethiopia几乎没有下雨，这导致收成损毁，牛畜死亡。注：which引导非限制性定语从句。练：选择填空He seldom finishes his work on time, _ always makes his boss very angry. A. thatB. as C. that D. which lead to 导致，引起【近义词】：contribute to，result in，cause，be responsible for（1）导致这种社会现象的因素是什么呢？（书面表达黄金句型） What factors lead to this kind of social phenomenon?= What factors are responsible for this kind of social phenomenon?= What are the factors contributing to this kind of social phenomenon?（2）（2010天津卷12）It rained heavily in the south, causing serious flooding in several provinces. (一句多译)= It rained heavily in the south, leading to serious flooding in several provinces.= It rained heavily in the south, which was responsible for serious flooding in several provinces.（3）The news shocked the public, to great concern about students safety at school.A. having led B. led C. leading D. to lead2) The concert took place on 13 July 1985 in two places. Take place Take the place of 代替 take ones place In place 适当的 Out of place 不合适的辨析 take place, happen, occur, come about Take place 事情往往是事先安排好的，有准备的。 The strike took place yesterday. 罢工发生在昨天 Happen 使用广泛，“发生”往往带有意外和偶然性，常用句型sth happen to sb某人发生了某事情， sb happen to do sth=It happens that 某人碰巧做了某事情 What happened to him yesterday? 他昨天发生了什么？ I happened to meet him in the street.= It happened that I meet him in the street.我碰巧在街上遇见他 Occur“发生，出现”or“想起”的意思而happen无此意，occur常用的句型Sth occurred to sb.=It occurred to sb that某人突然想起某事Sth occurs= sth happens/takes placeIt occurred to me that I had left my purse in the car. 我突然想到我把钱包放在车里了。Come about “发生”2) Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relif and to make the public more aware of the problem.Geldof 想通过音乐会为饥荒救济筹钱，并提高对饥荒的意识。注：intend sb. / sth. to do 打算用做练：我们打算采取这些措施来应对日益增长的人口问题。 We _ intended these measures to deal with_ the ever-increasing pollution in this area.Intend to do sth. 打算干Intend doing 打算干Be intended for 为而设计；打算供使用的The book is intended for children.The concert also made the headlines around the world, and put great pressure on politicians and statesman to do something about the problem of world hunger.音乐会也成为世界各地的重要新闻，这给政客和政治家施加了压力，迫使他们为世界饥荒问题采取行动。headline n. 大标题，新闻提要make/hit /capture/ grab / be in the headlines 成为重要新闻read/ scan/ see headlines 看新闻提要under the headline 以为标题由于发生了毒胶囊事件，这些厂家上了报纸的头条新闻The plants made/hit the headlines when the incident of toxic drug capsules occurred. = The plants were in the headlines when the incident of toxic drug capsules occurred.According to the United Nations, ten million people die every year of starvation or problems related to having a poor diet.根据联合国统计，每年死于饥饿和饮食不良的人达到上千万。relate to与有关，作定语时形式为 related to或者relating to皆可。【近义词】：表达“与有关”还可以用involve, concern, be concerned with, be associated with, be connected with, be linked with, have something to do with等。在写作中可以灵活选用，避免句式单调。随学随用（1）他们通过了一项关于噪音的法律。(一句多译)They pass a law relating to noise.= They pass a law related to noise.= They pass a law involving/ noise.= They pass a law concerning noise.= They pass a law concerned with noise.In wrestling with the dilemma of worldwide hunger, the United Nations set up an agency called the World Food Programme (WFP) in 1963.为了与世界范围的饥荒困境作斗争，联合国于1963年成立了叫做世界粮食署的机构。1.) wrestle n. & v. 努力对付或者解决；摔跤in wrestling with 与作斗争（介词短语）wrestle with与作斗争（动词短语）他和自己的良心又搏斗了几个星期，最终决定说出真相。 (一句多译)He spent several more weeks in wrestling with his conscience and finally decided to tell the truth.= Having wrestled with his conscience, he finally decided to tell the truth. and there is a danger that they could fall further behind developed countries.他们可能进一步落后于发达国家。fall behind 落后于fall back撤退，后退 fall down 倒下，失败 fall into 陷入，养成fall in love with 爱上 fall in with 赞同 fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默随学随用（1）我们再也不能在使用新技术方面落后于我们的竞争对手了。We cant afford to fall behind our competitors in using the new technology.（2）我很高兴赞同你的建议。I am quite happy to fall in with your suggestions.= I am quite happy to agree to your suggestions.The food-for-Growth programme, which targets people most at risk.target v. 将作为目标，把对准（on / at）n. 靶子, 对象，目标练：1) The campaign against smoking _ (以年轻人为目标). 2) 这个项目就是想改善所有年龄段的妇女健康。The programme _ of women of all ages.at risk / in danger 处于危险中的 练：If you do so , you will _. 如果你这么做，你会使你的生命处于危险中。注：take / run the risk of 冒的危险at the risk of 冒的危险risk doing sth. 冒的危险targets the young ; is targeted/aimed at improving the health put your own life at risk3) There is saying that goes “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime”. 有句俗语是这样的：“授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终生之用。” 句中go 的意思是“谚语，消息等说法是”The story goes that he was once rich, but I do not believe it. 传说他曾经很富有，但是我不相信。注：此句为祈使句and / or 简单句的句型。 Work hard, and youll achieve success in time. 只要努力你迟早会成功的。练：选择填空_some English-learning websites if you are free, and you will learn a lot about how to study English.A. Having visited B. To visit C. Visit D. VisitingPeriod 3 Grammar连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。（一）并列连词：并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既又），both and（不但而且），not only but also（不但而且），not but（不是而是），neither nor（既不也不），either or（不是就是），or（或者），but （但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光荣的）yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot.（二）从属连词从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有：引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter（无论）, even if (though)引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as 引导结果状语从句的：so that , such that 引导目的状语从句的：so that , in order that 引导比较状语从句的：as as , not so (as) as , than 引导方式状语从句的：as if 引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。（三）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替，等于 “at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying； when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于 “at the time”，也就是说when引出的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是终止性的，也可以延续性的。因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时，进行时，或完成时。例如：When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment.（when不能换成while）He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English.（when可换成while）as常可与when，while通用，但强调“一边、一边”。例如：As (when, while) I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of number 37. when引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致，主、谓是“主语+系动词”结构时，这时主语和系动词可以省略。例如：When (he was) young, he worked for a rich man./ Shell be here to give you help when (if it is) necessary. 2、till, until作为介词式从属连词引导时间状语短语或状语从句，用于否定句时，结构为not until (till)，主句谓语动词延续与非延续皆可，意为“直到才”。用于肯定句时，只与延续性动词连用，表示“到为止”。例如：They played volleyball until (till) it got dark.They didnt talk（延续性动词）until (till) the interpreter（译员）came.He didnt go to bed（非延续性动词）until (till) the his father came back.；until可以放在句首，till则不行，例如：Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing./ Not until he finished his work did he go home.（倒装）；till, until只用于时间，以下句子是错误的：We walked till the edge of the forest.（要用as far as或to）。3、because, since, as引导原因状语时注意使用上的区别：如果原因构成句子的最主要部分,一般用because ,因此because引导的从句往往放在句末。用why提问的句子，一定用because回答。例如：He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.；如原因已为人们所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as，或 since。since比as更正式些。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：As you are tired, you had better rest./ Since everyone is here, now lets begin.4、although和though引导让步状语从句往往用法一样，但注意以下区别：although用于各种文体，而though则多用于非正式的口语或书面语中。注意由although, though引导的从句后，主句不能用but，但可用副词yet, still。例如：Although/ Though it rained all the morning, they still went on working.（或yet they went on working）though常与even连用，even though表示强调，意为“即使”，但不能说even although，例如：Even though I didnt understand a word, I dept smiling. though可用作副词，意为“然而”，常用逗号与句子分开。although则不能这样使用，它只作连词。例如：It was a quiet party, I had a good time, though.5、once作副词译“曾经”，作为连词译“一旦”，引导条件状语从句。相当于if的加强形式。例如：I dont believe he was once a thief. (once这里是副词)/ Once Aristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than light objects, he taught it as a truth to his students. (once连词)6、在用as if引导的方式状语从句及表语从句中，根据情况要使用虚拟语气。例如：He talks as if he knew all about it. 但有时也可用直陈语气。例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.7、whether, if引导从句的用法区别： 引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，用whether，不用if。例如：Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known./ The question is whether we can finish the task on time./ The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. whether可接不定式，而if则不可。例如：I havent decided whether to leave or not. whether可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示强调，而if则不可。例如：Everything depends on whether we have enough money./ Whether he will come, I am not sure. whether和if均可引导宾语从句， whether引导的宾语从句一般都是肯定句，if引导的宾语从句可以是肯定的，也可以是否定的（此时不能用whether），例如：Could you tell us whether/ if it rains in winter in Australia?/ I wonder if it doesnt rain. 引导宾语从句的whether和if常可与or not连用。连用时要注意or not的位置，它一般与 whether、if分开使用，有时它可与whether合起来使用，但不能与if合起来使用。例如：I dont know whether/ if they will come or not./ I dont know whether or not they will come.if可用来引导条件状语从句，译“如果”，whether则不行。例如：If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.8、as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。as引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”。例如：As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked. as引导方式状语从句，意为“象一样”。例如：We must do as the Party teaches us.as引导原因状语从句。意为“由于”，例如：As you are tired, you had better rest.as引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然”、“尽管”Child as he is, he can do it well. ( = Although he is a child, he can do it well.)另外，as做为关系代词还可以引导定语从句，如：I have the same book as you.【2012福建卷】26.China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _all its citizens.A. in charge ofB. for the purpose of C. in honor ofD. for the benefit ofD【2012浙江卷】6. all the animals Ive ever had, these two dogs arc the most sensitive to the spoken word.A. FromB. OfC. ForD. WithB 【2012湖北卷】25. The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _ in the garden of a traditional home A. out of questionB. out of orderC. out of sightD. out of place【答案】D【2012江苏卷】29. Thank God youre safe!I stepped back, justto avoid the racing car.A. in timeB. in caseC. in needD. in vain【答案】A【2012安徽卷】25. You can chang your job, you can move house,but friendship is meant to be life. A. of B. on C. to D. For【答案】D【2012辽宁卷】27. The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the lake. A. to B. for C. off D. out【答案】C 【2012四川卷】14. This training program can give you a lift at work, _ increase your income by 40%.A. as well as B. so long as C. so much as D. as soon as14.【答案与解析】 A【2012陕西卷】11An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are _ it.A . against B. for C .to D. with【答案】A 【2012北京卷】34. Do you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?A. at B. on C. to D. acrossA【2011全国卷II 14】This shop will be closed for repairs _ further notice. A. with B. until C. for D. at【答案】B【2011北京卷 35】With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be take _ color. A. byB. forC. withD. in【答案】D【2011上海卷 25】Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years.A. throughB. upC. withD. from【答案】A【2011湖北卷 30】When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor ofD. in praise of【答案】C【2011山东卷 30】Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive been very busy_ the past couple of weeks.A. beyond B. with C. among D. over【答案】D【2011安徽卷 25】Sometimes prop