1、M2 U1 Grammar and Usage 教学设计设计思路:本单元的Grammar and Usage 主要集中讲解现在完成时和现在完成进行时,以及两种时态的区别。现在完成时的基本构成: have/has + 动词的过去分词;基本用法:(1) 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下某种影响和结果;(2) 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态;(3) 表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般汉语译为“过”。现在完成进行时的基本构成:have/has + been +动词的现在分词;基本用法:表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这动作可能仍在进行,
2、也可能已停止。两者之间的区别:(1) 现在完成时通常只陈述事实,而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩;(2) 现在完成进行时通常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况,若要谈论时间延续较长的动作或情况或永久性情况,则通常用现在完成时;(3) 不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时,但它们可以用于现在完成时。教学目标: 1. Learn present perfect tense and the difference between the past tense and present perfect tense.2. Learn present perfect continuous tense a
3、nd the difference between present perfect tense and present perfect continuous tense.教学重点:1. The different usage of present perfect tense and present perfect continuous tense.2. Some special situations about present perfect tense and present perfect continuous tense.教学难点:How to make clear about the
4、different usage of present perfect tense and present perfect continuous tense.教学步骤:Step 1: Lead-in Ask students to observe the sentences presented and try to find the form of present perfect tense. (目的:导入话题,呈现现在完成时句式,使学生自主归纳现在完成时基本构成。步骤:(活动一)先让学生自由交流,并请学生自主发表观点,然后点击白板第二页句子下方空白处,出现present perfect ten
5、se;在学生归纳出基本构成后,点击present perfect tense下方空白处,出现form: have/has+done。)Step 2: Present perfect tense1. Ask students to point out which part is present perfect tense.(目的:通过操练,使学生更清楚现在完成时的基本构成。步骤:(活动二)白板第三页,让学生在白板上用红笔画出现在完成时的句子。)2. Present usage 1 and give an example to explain the usage, and then ask stu
6、dents to explain why this sentence uses present perfect tense.(目的:在讲解用法1时,训练学生自主归纳的能力,加强学生自主理解。步骤:进入白板第四页,呈现用法1,接着点击爱心后空白部分,出现图片;在理解后,点击图片上方空白,出现例句,让学生解释。)(板书设计:has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 Have/Has gone(to) : 去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father? He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been
7、 (to) : 去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in: 呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.)3. Introduce the usage 2 and ask students to finish the exercise.(目的:让学生及时使用新授课内容,并加以巩固。步骤:进入白板第五页,讲解用法2后,拖动右边的爱心到例句下面。让学生在白板上写出练习题的答案,点击习题下方的空白,讲解习
8、题。)4. Introduce the usage 3 and ask students to finish the exercise.(目的:让学生及时使用新授课内容,并加以巩固。步骤:介绍完用法3后,点击time expressions 下方空白处,出现时间词汇。然后教师在横线上填写already 和yet。接着让学生在白板上书写习题答案。)(板书设计:* 以already, just和yet为标志) * 以ever和never为标志* 以动作发生的次数为标志* 以so far(到目前为止)为标+before)5. Ask students to do exercises.(目的:巩固学生
9、对现在完成时的理解与运用。步骤:(活动三)进入白板第七页,先让所有学生独立做,然后让一个学生使用白板工具条中的蓝色写字笔写下自己的答案,最后教师用红色的写字笔进行批改。)Step 3: Present perfect continuous tense1. Ask students to observe the sentences presented and try to find the form of present perfect continuous tense.(目的:呈现现在完成时句式,使学生自主归纳现在完成时基本构成。步骤:(活动四)先让学生自由交流,并请学生自主发表观点,然后点击
10、白板第二页句子下方空白处,出现present perfect continuous tense;在学生归纳出基本构成后,点击present perfect continuous tense下方空白处,出现form: have/has+been doing。)2. Introduce the two usages and ask students to make sentences.(目的:在教师讲解后,使学生在造句中理解现在完成进行时的用法。步骤:在讲解完用法1之后,点击下面五角星后的空白处,出现用法2和例句。)Step 4: Difference between the two tenses
11、Ask students to have a discussion in groups.(目的:培养学生的对比,归纳等高阶思维能力。步骤:(活动四)先让学生分组自由讨论,然后请学生陈述观点;接着点击进入白板第九页,讲解区别1,让学生回答问题,教师用笔在白板上书写;接着进入第十页,讲解区别2,让学生回答问题,教师用笔在白板上书写;接着点击例句下方空白,出现区别3,让学生猜测,点击present perfect tense后面空白出现,present perfect continuous tense后面空白出现。)Step 5: Assignment1. Go through what we learnt today and get familiar with them.2. Ask students to finish Part C1 and C2 on page 88 in Workbook.3
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