2022-2023年高中英语知识点总结(超全).docx

2022-2023年高中英语知识点总结(超全)1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、It took him quite a while to _ to living alone after his parents passed away.AaffectBadjustCeaseDsettle答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母去世后，他花了很长时间才适应独自生活。A. affect影响；B. adjust调整，适应；C. ease缓解，减轻；D. settle定居。结合“living alone after his parents passed away.”可知，此处是指适应父母去世之后的独自生活。故选B。小提示：2、_ darkness had again descended upon me _ how much I had left unseen.AWhen; I had realizedBOnly when; did I realizeCOnly when; I realizedDWhen; I realize答案：B解析：考查倒装句。句意：只有当黑暗再次降临在我身上时，我才意识到我留下了多少东西没有看见。本题中“Only+when引导的时间状语从句”置于句首时，则主句使用部分倒装，即把助动词“did”提到主语前面，故选B。3、_ is known to us, wearing face masks is an effective way to protect ourselves.AAsBItCWhichDWhat答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，戴口罩是保护自己的有效方法。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词as引导从句，在从句中作主语，代指整个句子的内容，意为“正如；就像”。which引导非限制性定语从句，不可位于句首。故选A项。4、Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally_.ArespectsBrespectingCrespectDrespected答案：D解析：考查被动语态。句意：任何人，无论是官员还是公交车司机，都应该受到同等的尊重。根据“Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver”可知，此处是指任何人都应该受到同等的尊重，动词respect意为“尊重”，和主语构成被动关系。故选D。5、The new traffic law has _. It wont be long before it is put into effect.Agone throughBset offCcome outDmade up答案：A解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：新的交通法规已经通过了。它不久就会生效。A. gone through通过；B. set off出发；C. come out出版；D. made up组成。根据后文“It wont be long before it is put into effect.”可知，新的交通法规已经通过了，应用go through。故选A。6、He _ turned down by several publishers before he finally got his first book _.Ahad been; publishedBhad; publishedChas been; to publishDwas; to publish答案：A解析：考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。句意：他的第一本书终于出版了，但之前遭到了几家出版商的拒绝。主句动作发生在从句过去动作之前，为过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。主语he与turn down之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。his first book与publish之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语，且表示动作已经完成。故选A。7、_more information about the package tour around Peru, please contact us_ tourinfotravelperu.org.AFor; onBFor; atCWith; onDWith; at答案：B解析：考查介词。句意：为了解更多关于秘鲁旅游团的信息，请在tourinfotravelperu.org.联系我们。首先看空格一，“for”意为“为了”，介词词性，“with”意为“具有”，介词词性，根据句意可知，句中指“为了解更多关于秘鲁旅游团的信息”，表目的，故空格一应用介词“for”，句首单词首字母大写；“contact sb. at+网址”为固定搭配，“tourinfotravelperu.org.”为网址，故空格二应用介词“at”。故选B项。8、Neither I nor the President and actor _ in an American accent.AspeakBspeaksChasDhave答案：B解析：考查主谓一致。句意：我和总统兼演员说话都没有美国口音。speak in用交谈。either.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。the President and actor指的是总统兼演员，指的是同一个人，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。9、It was a pleasure to learn to dance from Polly, who was a gentle and _ young lady.AbraveBdishonestCforgetfulDgraceful答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Polly是一位温柔优雅的年轻女士，向她学习跳舞是一件令人愉快的事。A. brave勇敢的；B. dishonest不诚实的；C. forgetful健忘的；D. graceful优雅的。根据空前形容词gentle可知，空处需用graceful，表示温柔优雅的年轻女士。故选D。10、Paul has always regretted _harder at school when he was young.Anot having studiedBnot being studiedCnot studyingDnot to study答案：A解析：考查固定短语。句意：保罗总是后悔年轻时在学校没有用功学习。此处表示对做过的事表示遗憾、后悔短语为regret doing sth.，且表示动作已经先于regret完成，应用regret having done的形式，此处为否定在having前加not。故选A。11、The reasons for a visit to lighthouse are not all so backward-looking (思想过时的) in time. It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places. But on a pleasant sunny summer day, this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience.Q: The underlined phrase “out-of-the-way” probably means _.Afar-awayBdangerousCancientDsecret答案：A解析：考查词义猜测和形容词词义辨析。句意：参观灯塔的原因并不完全是因为怀旧。灯塔所处的地方确实偏僻，然而在这明媚的夏日里，这个远离尘嚣之处的确有着人人都趋之若鹜的自然之美。问题：划线短语out-of-the-way的意思是什么。A. far-away遥远的；B. dangerous危险的；C. ancient古老的； D. secret秘密的。根据划线词out-of-the-way的字面意思，结合句中的isolation“孤立；隔绝”可推知，划线词表示“偏远的”。故选A。12、The worlds oceans contain huge amounts of salt. In fact, if you_ all the salt _ the oceans, you can use it to build a wall about 300 km wide and 1 km tall all around the Earth.Atake; apartBdig; outCmove; inDremove; from答案：D解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：世界上的海洋含有大量的盐。事实上，如果你把海洋中的盐全部去除，你可以用它来建造一堵约300公里宽、1公里高的墙，环绕地球。A. take apart拆开、拆卸；B. digout挖出；D. movein搬进；D. removefrom从移除。根据“you can use it to build a wall about 300 km wide and 1 km tall all around the Earth.”可知，如果把海洋中的盐全部去除，可以用它来建造一堵约300公里宽、1公里高的墙，环绕地球。故选D项。13、The law requires equal treatment for all, _ race, religion or sex.Anothing more thanBregardless ofCas much asDnot once答案：B解析：考查短语词义辨析。句意：法律要求人人平等，不分种族、宗教或性别。A. nothing more than仅仅；只是；B. regardless of不管，不顾；C. as much as差不多，多达；D. not once一次也不。根据“The law requires equal treatment for all,”可知，不分种族、宗教或性别，法律要求人人平等。故选B。14、Guess what! Our class_ the film The Battle at Lake Changjin this evening! Here is my ticket!Ahave seenBwould seeCare about to seeDare seeing答案：C解析：考查时态。句意：你猜怎么着！今晚我们班就要看电影长津湖！这是我的票！根据句意和句中“this evening”可知，句子陈述的是即将发生的事，应用一般将来时，“be about to do”表示“即将做某事”，“class”表示班级成员，与“are”连用，故空格处应填“are about to see”。故选C项。15、Besides, its vital that you _ your table manners.AmindedBmindCto mindDminds答案：B解析：考查动词虚拟语气。句意：此外，你应该注意餐桌礼仪，这是很重要的。分析可知，vital 后that引导的从句要用虚拟语气，即“Its vital that 主语 + (should) do”句型， should 可以省略，故谓语动词应用动词原形。故选B项。16、You can only realize how hard this job is _ you really experience it.AunlessBuntilCwhenDbefore答案：C解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：只有当你真正经历过这份工作时，你才会意识到它有多难。A.unless除非；B.until直到；C.when当时；D.before在之前。根据“you really experience it”可知，此处是指只有当你真正经历过这份工作时，应用连词when引导时间状语从句。故选C。17、To be honest, this is the last place _ I want to visit.AwhichBin whichCwhereDwhose答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意：老实说，这是我最不愿意去的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词place是地方，因此空格处用关系代词which，故选A。18、They _ with the aim of becoming number one in the league.Aset upBset aboutCset outDset aside答案：C解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们带着成为联赛第一的目标出发了。A. set up建立；B. set about着手；C. set out出发；D. set aside搁置。结合句意可知，此处是指他们带着成为联赛第一的目标出发去参加比赛。故选C。小提示：19、_ that all the _ problems would be settled, John felt relaxed.AConvinced; existingBConvincing; existingCConvinced; existedDConvincing; existed答案：A解析：考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意：约翰确信所有现存的问题都会得到解决，因此感到轻松。be convinced为固定短语，意为“确信”，句子已有谓语动词felt，第一空需填过去分词convinced作状语；第二空需填形容词作定语，修饰名词problems，此处修饰的主体是物，需用-ing结尾的形容词。故选A。20、Her _ face suggested that she was _ by some _ things .Afrightening, frightened, frighteningBfrightened, frightened, frighteningCfrightening, frightening, frighteningDfrightening, frightened, frightened答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她惊恐的表情表明她被一些可怕的东西吓坏了。修饰人的表情，反应人的感受，表“害怕的”，应用-ed结尾的形容词frightened，第一空应填frightened，作定语修饰face；修饰物，反应该物自身特点，意为“可怕的，骇人的”，应用-ing结尾的形容词frightening，第三空修饰things，故填frightening，作定语。第二空，主语为she，动词frighten与she之间为动宾关系，故用被动结构be frightened，此处用过去分词frightened，作表语。故选B项。21、Regardless of many massive challenges, I _ die _ give up.Apreferred to; rather thanBpreferred; rather thanCwould; thanDwould to; rather than答案：A解析：考查固定句型和时态。句意：尽管有许多巨大的挑战，我宁愿死也不愿放弃。表示“宁愿做也不做”有两种固定句型：prefer to do A rather than do B；would rather do A than do B。句子为一般过去时，动词prefer用过去式preferred。故选A项。22、Its not an urgent matter. Lets _ it _ for the moment.Atake.overBlay.asideCmax.outDbring.forth答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这不是紧急的事情。让我们暂时把它放在一边。A. take.over接管；B. lay.aside把放在一边；C. max.out达到最高极限；D. bring.forth生产，产出。根据“not an urgent matter”可知，这件事可以暂时放到一边，lay.aside“把放在一边”，符合句意。故选B项。23、With everyone _, the head teacher began the meeting, _ the importance of self-discipline for senior high students.Asitting, highlightedBseated, highlightingCseated, highlightedDsat down, highlighting答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：大家就座后，班主任开始了会议，并强调了高中生自律的重要性。分析句子可知，第一空是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”复合结构，everyone与sit是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语，与seat是被动关系，用seated作宾语补足语，故排除D项，句子的谓语动词是began，highlight用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语the head teacher是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语，综上，故选B。小提示：24、After all, labor can also _ my physical and mental health.Abenefit toBbe of benefit toCbenefit fromDbe beneficial for答案：B解析：考查固定短语。句意：毕竟，劳动也可以有利于我的身心健康。由“my physical and mental health”可知，句子表示“劳动也可以有利于我的身心健康”，空格处意为“有利于”，表达为benefit sth.,be of benefit to或be beneficial to，can是情态动词，其后用动词原形，故选B。25、Any potential triggering (触发) of atomic weapons would be _ a disaster of immense scale.Anothing less thanBnothing better thanCnothing more thanDnothing worst than答案：A解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：任何可能的核武器触发都完全是一场规模巨大的灾难。 A.nothing less than完全是；不亚于；B.nothing better than没有比更好；C. nothing more than不过是；无非是；D.nothing worst than没有比更糟糕。根据句意和常识可知，核武器的触发完全是一场巨大的灾难。故选B。根据首字母填写单词(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)26、Lowering interest rates could have destructive c_ for the economy. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：consequences#onsequences解析：考查名词。句意：降低利率可能会对经济产生破坏性的后果。分析句子可知，空处缺少have的宾语，结合语境，降低利率会产生破坏性的后果，c开头的名词为consequence（后果、结果），不止一种后果，用可数名词复数形式consequences。故填consequences。27、Firstly, exploring space has already made a d_ in the fight against world hunger. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：difference#ifference解析：考查名词。句意：首先，探索太空已经在战胜世界饥饿方面产生影响。根据make a difference(产生影响）可知空格处是宾语，要用名词，结合首字母和句意填difference。28、If it is c_ to you tonight, please help me with my homework.答案：convenient#onvenient解析：考查形容词。句意：如果你今晚方便的话，能不能帮我做家庭作业。根据句意及首字母提示，可知为convenient；设空处前为is，设空处应用形容词作表语；固定句式if it is convenient to you如果你方便的话。 故填convenient。29、Any firm is willing to hire those who are knowledgeable and have professional c_. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：competence#ompetence解析：考查名词。句意：任何公司都愿意雇佣那些有知识和专业能力的人。形容词professional后接名词形式作宾语。competence能力，为不可数名词。结合首字母提示及句意，故填competence。30、I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then i_ backwards again. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：immediately#mmediately解析：考查副词。句意：我将主面板上的启动杆向前推了一英寸，然后又立即向后推。分析可知，then后省略了“pushed the starting lever”，故空处应填副词修饰动词pushed；根据句意和首字母提示可知，副词immediately“立即”符合题意。故填immediately。31、J_ from his last jump, Jason was unlikely to have recovered from his injuries. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：Judging#udging解析：考查独立主格。句意：从他最后一跳来看，杰森不太可能从伤病中恢复过来。结合句意和首字母提示，动词judge“判断”符合题意，judging from“从来看，根据判断”为独立结构，不用考虑和主句的逻辑关系。故填Judging。小提示：32、They tended to lose cognitive (认知的) f_ at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：functions#unctions解析：考查名词。句意：他们失去认知功能的速度比那些从事脑力挑战性最低的工作的人要慢得多。空处要用名词作宾语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，function功能，function是可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填functions。33、He gave the order to a_ ship because it was sinking. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：abandon#bandon解析：考查动词。句意：他下令弃船，因为船正在下沉。根据句意“放弃”和首字母“a”可知，此处为动词abandon，结合空前的动词不定式符号to可知，应填动词原形。故填abandon。34、The dog had been c_ treated, which made us very sad. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：cruelly#ruelly解析：考查副词。句意：这只狗受到了残酷对待，这使我们很伤心。根据单词首字母以及句意“残酷”可知应填副词cruelly，作状语修饰动词treat。故填cruelly。35、He spent the next 22 years until his death, working the land in a poor, r_ area. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：rural#ural解析：考查形容词。句意：在接下来的22年里，他一直在一个贫穷的农村地区耕作，直到去世。根据句意、首字母以及“ poor”可知，空处填形容词rural作定语。故填rural。36、It is e_ hot today, so people have to sleep with air-conditioners on. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：extremely#xtremely解析：考查副词。句意：今天非常热，所以人们不得不开着空调睡觉。根据单词首字母以及句意“非常”以及下文形容词hot，可知应填副词extremely。故填extremely。37、Shes an a_(a person with special knowledge) on law. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：authority#uthority解析：考查名词。句意：她是法律方面的权威。根据英语词义和首字母提示可知，应填入可数名词authority作表语，意为“权威”，结合空格不定冠词an可知，应用单数形式。故填authority。38、I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestions into a_. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：account#ccount解析：考查名词。句意：如果您能考虑一下我的建议，我将不胜感激。根据单词首字母以及句意“考虑”可知为短语take into account，故填account。39、Music is a u_ language that people speaking different languages can understand. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：universal#niversal解析：考查形容词。句意：音乐是一种通用语言，说不同语言的人都能理解。根据首字母和句意，可知应填形容词universal，作定语修饰名词language。故填universal。40、These staff have responsibility for u_ the database. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：updating#pdating解析：考查动名词。句意：这些工作人员负责更新数据库。由句意和首字母提示可知，update更新，是动词，此处作介词for的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填updating。41、A b _ dog seldom bites. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：barking#arking解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吠狗不咬人。由首字母提示b可知，句子表示“吠狗不咬人”，此处用现在分词barking，作定语修饰名词dog。故填barking。42、In my o_, most people learn best by doing, not by sitting in a classroom and reading about it. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：opinion#pinion解析：考查名词。句意：在我看来，大多数人通过实践学得最好，而不是坐在教室里阅读。my是形容词性物主代词，后面接名词作宾语。表示“观点，看法”，用opinion。in ones opinion是固定短语，意为：在某人看来。在该短语中，opinion没有单复数的变化。故填opinion。43、We must help protect the e_ wildlife before its too late.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：endangered#ndangered解析：考查形容词。句意：我们必须帮助保护濒危的野生动物，以免为时已晚。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处应填形容词endangered，作定语，修饰wildlife，表示“濒危的”。故填endangered。44、Sometimes teenagers and their parents cant see eye to eye with each other on anything, so heated a_ and cold silences are common between them. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：arguments#rguments解析：考查名词。句意：有时青少年和他们的父母在任何事情上都不能面对面，所以激烈的争论和寒冷的沉默是很常见的。根据句意和首字母提示，应填arguement“争论”，根据句意和下文的silences可推断，此处用复数，作主语，故填arguments。小提示：45、They were going to s_ around the little island, against the tide. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：sail#ail解析：考查动词。句意：他们打算逆着潮水绕着小岛航行。由“around the little island, against the tide”可知，句子表示“他们打算逆着潮水绕着小岛航行”，空格处是“航行”，由首字母提示s可知，是sail，be going to do是固定短语，意为“打算做某事”，因此空格处用原形，故填sail。书信写作(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)46、假定你是希望中学的高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Tom来信询问你打算如何度过高考录取后至上大学前的这段时间。请给Tom回信告诉他你的想法。内容包括：(1)上大学前的准备；(2)业余生活；注意：(1)词数80左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(2)书信开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Tom,How is everything going with you? _Yours,Li Hua答案：One possible version:Dear Tom,How is everything going with you? I am now going all out for the final Examination yet to come in early June. But I am also thinking about how to spend the post-Gaokao time. Well, first, I will help with some housework and neighbourhood voluntary work if any. As for the new life ahead, getting familiar with my majors should be the biggest part of my plan so that I can adjust myself to the new academic requirements. I will pursue two new hobbies and travelling included. In short, I will get ready both mentally and physically before college life begins. Looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于一篇应用文。要求学生代替李华给英国朋友写信，向他介绍你高考录取后至上大学期间这段时间的安排。(1)词汇积累：考虑：think aboutconsider/think over关于，至于：as forin regard to/with respect to 适应：adjust oneself toadapt oneself to/acclimatize oneself to总之：in shortin a word/in brief(2)句式拓展：同义句转换原句：I will pursue two new hobbies and travelling included.拓展句：I will pursue two new hobbies, including travelling.小提示：高分句型1But I am also thinking about how t