曲线图写作常用词汇和句型.doc

曲线图写作常用词汇和句型
各个阶段的同义表达描述：
1．a steady drop, a slight fall, a gradual decline, a small decrease
2. a rapid leap, a sudden rise, a marked increase, a huge growth, a dramatic rise
3. no change, a flat trend, the number remained unchanged
4. a dramatic fall, a sharp drop, a rapid plunge, a steep decline
5. a gradual drop, a steady drop, tailing off, falling off
常见曲线图变化趋势
上升
动词：rose to 名词 a rise in
Increased to an increase in
Went up to a growth in
Climbed to an upward trend in
Boomed a boom in (a dramatic rise in)
下降
动词：fell to 名词：a decrease in
Declined to a decline in
Dipped to a drop in
Dropped to
Went down to a slump in (dramatic fall in)
Slumped to
Reduced to
平缓
动词：levelled out at 名词：a leveling out at
Did not change
Remained stable at
Remained steady at
Stayed constant at no change in
Maintained the same level
波动
动词： fluctuated around 名词：a fluctuation in
Peaked at reached a peak of
In the first year, unemployment stood at….
在曲线图中表示变化程度可以用到的词汇(the degree of change)
Dramatic dramatically
Sharp sharply
Huge hugely
Enormous enormously
Steep steeply
Substantial substantially
Considerable considerably
Significant significantly
Marked markedly
Moderate moderately
Slight slightly
Small
Minimal minimally
在曲线图中表示变化程度可以用到的词汇（the speed of change）
Rapid rapidly
Quick quickly
Swift swiftly
Sudden suddenly
Steady steadily
Gradual gradually
Slow slowly
图表描述常用句型模版
1． 开头段常用句型
The line graph shows +名词短语或句子
Show 可以换成下列一些词：describe/illustrate/reveal/unfold/compare/summarise/suggest/outline
2. 表示“增加（上升）、减少（下降）、不变、波动”的常用词
（1）表示“增加（上升）”的动词，括号中是不规则动词的过去式
Increase/rise (rose)/go up(went up)/grow(grew)/jump/climb/surge/shoot up (shot up)/boom
注意：surge/shoot up/boom 表示“大量增加，显著上升”
（2）表示“增加（上升）”的名词
Increase/rise/growth/jump/surge/boom
(3) 表示“减少（下降）”的动词，括号中是不规则动词的过去式
Decrease/decline/go down (went down)/fall (fell)/be reduced/drop/sink(sank)/dip/slump
注意：be reduced 要用被动语态
Slump 表示“剧烈下降，显著减少”
（4）表示“减少（下降）”的名词
Decrease/decline/fall/reduction/drop/slump
(5)表示“快速的、剧烈的，显著的”形容词，修饰（2）、（4）中的名词
Rapid/sharp/significant/dramatic/drastic
(6)表示“快速地、剧烈地、显著地”的副词，修饰（1）、（3）中的动词
Rapidly/sharply/significantly/dramatically/drastically
(7)表示“逐步的，适度的，稳定的，慢的，一点点的”形容词，修饰（2）（4）中的名词
Gradual/moderate/steady/slow/slight
(8)表示“波动“的动词、名词
Fluctuate/fluctuation between A and B
(9)表示“不变”的动词短语
Remain the same at/do not change/stabilize at/remain stable at/remain constant at/remain steady/stay constant at/maintain the same level/level off at
3. 表示“增加（上升），减少（下降）不变，波动的常用句型
（1）________increased sharply from 1957 to 1974.
(2) There was a sharp increase in _______from 1957 to 1974.
(3) The price did not change over the period.
（4）There was a steep fall in 1994 followed by a gradual improvement in the subsequent years.
(5) The price rose and fell over the period, but the trend was definitely upwards.
(6) The price collapsed in 1994.
(7) The price plunged dramatically in 1994, but then it regained its previous level, before soaring to a new peak.
(8) In spite of the sharp fluctuations in the price, the trend was obviously upwards.
(9) The price remained static over the period.
(10) Then around 1975 the price of grain doubled and this caused a rapid increase in the amount of land devoted to grain production.
(11) From 1980 to 1995, there was a gradual decrease in the amount of lad used for grain cultivation.
(12) The demand for energy dropped steadily between 1985 and 1990 from 5 units of energy to approximately 2 units.
(13) From 1990 until about 1995, energy demand appeared to level off and remained constant at about 2 units of energy.
(14) From this time onwards, energy demand climbs dramatically from 2 units of energy in 1996 and is projected to reach 7 units in the year 2005.
(15) In contrast, the amount of energy available from fossil fuels increased quite rapidly from about 3.5 units in 1985 until it reached a peak of 6.5 in 1995.
(16) The trend/momentum began to pick up speed in August.

(17) The last 17 years saw the sharp decline in cinema admissions.
4. 最高点、最低点
1）In 1978, the number reached its top at 20%.
2) In 1978, the number reached its highest point at 20%.
3) In 1978, the number reached its bottom at 20%.
4) In 1978, the number reached its lowest point at 20%.
5. 同一数据的倍数。
1）The profit increased three times/three-fold from March to May.
5月的利润是3月的3 倍。
2) They made twice the profit in May than in March.
他们5月的利润是3月的两倍。
3) There was a three-fold increase in the profit from March to May.
5月的利润是3月的4倍。
4）The turnover capacity of the harbor has increased by one-third.
港口的吞吐量增加了1/3
5) Its output of cotton went up by 20 percent.
它的棉花产量增长了20%。
6） The output value of chemical fertilizer in the first quarter was 18 percent above that of the same period in 1975.
第一季度化肥总产量比1975年同期增长了18%。
7）Their military budget in that year was thirty times as large as that of 1938.
那一年他们的军事预算是1938年的30倍。
6. 比较不同的数据，使用比较级
1）A greater number/percentage/proportion of men than women are found in managerial positions.
2）People buy more white cars than red cars.
3) White, which is 56.11%, is considerably more common than blue, which makes up 12.72%.
4) The other colors which constitute 3.12%, are considerably less popular than blue 12.72%.
5) It is noticeable that Japan and Korea have similar profiles.
6) There is not a great deal of difference between the percentage of men doing other forms of manual work (28%) and women in other manual work (32%).
7) These figures were overwhelmingly greater than the corresponding figures of $160 in Peru and $ 130 in Zaire.
7. 描述具体数据
1）They account for one-sixth of the population.
2) In 1950, more than 50% of people traveled to work on their own. However, by 1990, less than 20% of travelers were cycling or walking to work.
3) By 1970, approximately one out of every four travelers drove to work.
4) Although 77.4% of the population worked in natural resources in 1992, they produced only 19.2% of GDP.
5) The 3.6% of the population who worked in industry produced 15.4% of GDP, and the 15.2% who worked I the service sector produced 58% of GDP.
6) In 1975, for example, some 300 000 men and 250 000 women worked in the communication sector.
7) The table shows that Japan and Canada had annual incomes of $15760 and $11100 per person respectively.

Smoking in UK
¡ The graph compares the population of smoking in males and females in the UK between 1960 and 2004. It is clear that the population of smoking for both men and women made a steady decrease from 1985.
¡ In 1960, about 700,000 men were smoking, and this number dropped gradually to 50,000 by 1974 and continued to decrease until 2004. On the contrary, the population of smoking in women in 1960 was fairly low and was about 50,000. By 1970 this figure increased to 100,000 and 200,000 in 1980. But after 1985, the number of smoking in female began to decline and continued on this downward turn until 2004.
¡ In conclusion, the population of smoking in men and women dropped significantly throughout the period. But the smoking population of women remained lower than that of men during the entire period.

¡ The line curve above illustrates the number of patients recorded as having pneumonia on different dates in December.
¡ During the first few days of December, the number of cases of the x disease remained steady, followed by a slight decrease before the numbers rose dramatically between the 8th and the 11th of December. The number of cases of the disease then reached a peak on the 12th, fluctuating slightly until the 15th, and then fell sharply over the following two days. There was a slight increase up to the 19th when numbers reported for the disease dropped steadily and finally reached their lowest point on the 30th of December.
¡ Overall, the number of pneumonia patients was high between the 7th and 15th of December. It is clear that by the middle of the month, there were only a few cases of pneumonia recorded.

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