十一连词和状语从句省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课百校联赛优质课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,十一、连词和状语从句,1/54,状语从句是高考热点之一。状语从句又称为副词性从句，包含时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、目标状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句等。要求考生要充分了解和掌握状语从句使用方法。考查重点集中在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和目标状语从句。试题设置展现综合性和交叉性，往往与定语从句和名词性从句结合起来考查，尤其对于不一样性质连词，要注意其在不一样语境中所表示不一样意义，正确地把握题干语境意义和上下文逻辑关系，是做好状语从句试题关键所在。,2/54,同时我们也要善于区分轻易混同近似连词使用方法。由此可见，对状语从句考查在未来高考中仍是重头戏。所以，在日常学习中，了解、区分、掌握引导状语从句关联词，搞清主从句语意及逻辑关系，是做好状语从句题关键所在。,3/54,考点一,时间状语从句,1,when,，,while,和,as,(1)when,既可引导一个连续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作，如：,When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.,我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。,4/54,When the film ended,the people went back.,电影一结束，看电影人便回去了。,当,when,引出时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句主语一致，其表语又是一个名词时，就能够用以,as,引出省略句，来代替,when,引出从句。,比如：,As a young man(,When he was a young man),he was fond of hunting.,他年轻时，喜欢打猎。,5/54,(2)while,引导动作必须是连续性，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比，如：,Please dont talk so loud while others are working.,他人在工作时，别高声谈话。,While I was wodering at this,our schoolmaster took his place.,正当我对此不解时，我们校长就座了。,6/54,(3)as,引导一个连续性动作，多用于主句和从句动作同时发生，如：,He hurried home,looking behind as he went.,他急忙忙忙跑回去，一边走一边回头看。,John sings as he works.,约翰一边工作，一边唱歌。,7/54,(4)when,还可用作并列连词，其意义为,“,那时，这时,”,，相当于,and this/that time,惯用于以下句式：,Somebody was doing something when.,Somebody was about to/going to do something when.,Somebody had just done something when.,如：,We were having a meeting when someone broke in.,我们正在开会，这时有些人破门而入。,8/54,We were about to set off on our way,when it suddenly began to rain.,我们正要动身，这时突然开始下雨了。,另外还表示原因,“,既然,”,，如：,It was foolish of you to take a text when you could easily walk there in five minutes.,既然你能够五分钟内轻易地步行去那儿，你乘出租车去真是太愚蠢了。,9/54,(5)while,作为并列连词，意为,“,而，却,”,，表示对比。,He likes pop music,while I am food of folk music.,他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。,(6),假如主句表示是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行动作时，,when,与,while,可交换使用。如：,When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.,我沿着街道走时候，碰到了一位老朋友。,10/54,2,as soon as,immediately,the moment,the minute,no sooner.than.,，,hardly/scarcely.when.once(,一,且,就,),这些隶属连词引导从句都表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即就发生，常译为,“,一,就,”,，从句中用普通时态代替未来时态，如：,Once you remember it,youll never forget it.,一旦你记住了它，将永远不会忘记。,11/54,The moment I heard the voice,I knew father was coming.,我一听到声音，就知道父亲来了。,No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.,我们一到车站，火车就走了。,The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.,一看到他母亲，男孩突然大哭。,12/54,注意：,no sooner.than,；,hardly/scarcely.when.,这一结构时态搭配：,no sooner,与,hardly/scarcely,引导主句谓语动词应用过去完成时，而,than,与,when,从句中谓语动词应用普通过去时。另外，当把,no sooner,和,hardly/scarcely,提到句首时，应用倒装程序。如：,I had hardly got home when it began to rain.,Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.,我一到家，就开始下雨了。,13/54,3,till,until,和,not.until,(1),必定句：主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为必定式，意为,“,某动作一直延续到某点时间才停顿,”,。如：,He remained there until she arrived.,他一直留到她来。,You may stay here until the rain stops.,你能够在这里呆到雨停。,14/54,(2),否定句：主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为必定式，意为,“,某动作直到某时间才开始,”,。,如：,He wont go to bed till(until)she returns.,直到她回来，他才睡3)till,不能够置于句首，而,until,能够。如：,Until you told me I had no idea of it.,直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。,15/54,(4)not.until,句型中强调和倒装说法,It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.(,强调句型,),Not until you tole me did I have any idea of it.(not until,置于句首主句要倒装,),16/54,4,before,和,since,若表示,“,还未,就,”“,不到,就,”“,才,”趁还没来得及,”,时，需用连词,before,。,如：,We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.,我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。,We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.,我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。,17/54,Please write it down before you forget it.,趁你现在没忘把它记下来。,Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.,我还没来得及插话他就给我量好了尺寸。,before从句中谓语不用否定式，又如：,Before they reached the station,the train had gone.,他们,(,还没,),到火车站前，火车已开走了。,18/54,(1)It will be,一段时间,before,从句,“,多久之后才,”,It will be half a year before I come back.,六个月后我就会回来。,It wont be long before we meet again.,很快我们会再相见。,从句谓语动词普通是非延续性动词，主句谓语动词是延续性或者是重复发生过动作。从句时态若是普通过去时，对应地，主句中时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。如：,19/54,I have written home four times since I came here.,自从我到这儿来，我往家里写了四封信。,She has been working in this factory since she left school.,她毕业后在这工厂工作四年了。,(2),在,It is,时间,since,从句句型中，时间计算一律从,since,从句动作完成或状态结束时算起，如：,It is three years since the war broke out.,战争暴发以来，有三年了。,20/54,It is three years since she was in our class.,她离开我们班有三年了。,It is three years since he lived here.,他不在这儿住已经有三年了。,It is three years since I(have)smoked a cigar.,(,since I stopped smoking a cigar),我不吸烟有三年了。,假如译成,“,我吸烟有三年了。,”,应是：,It is three years since I began to smoke.,21/54,5,every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time,all the time,等名词短语用来引导时间状语，表示,“,每当,每次,，下次,”,。如：,The last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.,她最终一次看到詹姆士时，他躺在床上。,You are welcome to come back any time you want to.,他想回来随时可回来。,22/54,考点二,地点状语从句,引导地点状语从句隶属连词有：,where,wherever,。指详细地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后，表示抽象条件含义时，从句须放在主句之前。如：,Where there is will,there is a way.,有志者，事竟成。,Wherever there is smoke,，,there is fire.,无火不生烟。,(,即无风不起浪。,),23/54,注意区分引导定语从句与状语从句。,Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.(,状语从句,),你最好在有问题地方做一个标识。,Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(,定语从句,),你最好在你有问题地方做一个标识。,24/54,考点三,原因状语从句,1,引导原因状语从句隶属连词有：,because,，,as,，,since,，,now that,，,seeing that,，,considering that,每个连词含义不尽相同。如：,We were glad because we had you with us.,我们因为有你在而高兴。,Now that/Since everybody is here,lets begin our meeting.,既然每个人都来了，让我们开始会议吧。,25/54,2,其它表示原因方式,除了状语从句外，一些介词短语一样能够表示原因，这么短语有：,because of,；,thanks to,；,due to,；,owing to,等。,26/54,考点四,目标状语从句,引导目标状语从句隶属连词有：,so that,，,in order that,for fear that,in case,lest,等。,1,in order that,与,so that,两个连词都意为,“,方便,，为了,”,，引导状语从句中需用情态动词，,in order that,比,so that,正式，引导状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而,so that,引导从句只能置于主句之后。如：,27/54,In order that we might see the sunrise,we started for the pack carly.,为了我们能看到日出，我们很早动身出发去山峰。,28/54,2,for fear that,in case,与,lest,这些隶属连词引导目标状语从句中谓语动词要用,(should),动词原形，它本身带有否定意义，相当于,so that.not.,或,in order that.not.,如：,Take your raincoat in case it should rain.,带把雨伞，以防下雨。,29/54,考点五,结果状语从句,1,引导结果状语从句隶属连词有：,so that,so.that.,，,such.that.,，在非正式语体中，由,so.that.,，,such.that.,引导句子,that,能够省略，注意其结构形式：,so,形容词,/,副词,that,从句,so,形容词,a/an,可数名词单数形式,that,从句,so,many/much/few/little,名词,that,从句,such,a/an,形容词可数名词单数形式,that,从句,30/54,such,形容词复数名词形式,/,不可数名词,that,从句,such,a lot of/lots of,名词,that,从句,如：,Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.,Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.,迈克是一个如此老实工人，我们都喜欢他。,It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.,如此好天气，我都想去公园。,31/54,He made so little money that he couldnt support his family.,他挣如此少钱以至于他不能养家糊口。,试比较：,It is not surprising that such little worms cat so little grain.,这么小虫子吃这么少谷物并不令人感到诧异。,Tom studied very hard so that he passed the exams.,汤姆学习很用功，结果考试及格了。,32/54,注意：,当,so,，,such,置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。如：,So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.,他是如此聪明学生，能做出全部难题。,33/54,2,除结果状语从句外，,too.to.(,太,而不能,),，,enough to.(,到达某种程度能够,),，,so.as to(,那么,以至于,),等不定式结构一样能够表示结果。如：,He didnt get up carly enough to catch the bus.,He got up too late to catch the bus.,He got up so late as to miss the bus.,他起床太晚，错过了汽车。,34/54,考点六,条件状语从句,引导条件状语从句隶属连词有：,if,，,unless(,if not),，,so(as)long as,in case,on condition that,suppose/supposing,provided that,等。如：,Youll fail the exam unless you study hard.,(,if you dont study hard),你要努力学习，不然会不及格。,35/54,As long as you dont lose heart,you will succeed.,只要不失去信心，你终会成功。,Suppose/Supposing(that)they refuse us,who else can we turn to for help?,假若他们拒绝我们，我们向谁求援？,36/54,考点七,方式状语从句,引导方式状语从句隶属连词有：,as,，,as if,，,as though,等。,方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中,as if,或,as though,引导从句普通用虚拟语气，但假如从句中所陈说情况很可能实现，也可用陈说语气。如：,37/54,Do as you are told to,or youll be fired.,按你被通知那样去做，不然你会被辞退。,The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.,老妇对待这位男孩似乎他是她自己儿子。,38/54,考点八,让步状语从句,引导让步状语从句隶属连词有：,1,although/though,，,even though/even if,although,与,though,二者意思相同，普通可交换，都能够与,yet,still,或,nevertheless,连用，但不能和,but,连用。如：,He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money.,尽管有许多钱，他并不幸福。,Although/Though it was raining hard,yet they went on playing football.,尽管下着大雨，然而他们继续在踢足球。,39/54,注意：,还可用作副词，意为,“,可是，然而,”,，置于句末。如：,He said he would come.He didnt though.,他说他会来，可是他没有来。,Even though/if it is raining,well go there.(,陈说语气,),即使正在下雨，我们也将去那儿。,Even if I were busy,I would go.(,虚拟语气,),即使我很忙，我还是要去。,40/54,2,as,引导让步状语从句须倒装,as,从句普通放在主句之前，须用倒装语序。从句中表语,/,状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。如：,Child as he is,he knows a lot.,尽管他是孩子，他却知道很多。,41/54,Much as I like it,I wont buy it.For its too expensive.即使我很喜欢，但我不会买，因为太贵了。,Try as he might,he could not find a job.,不论他怎样努力，他还是找不到工作。,42/54,3,whether.or.,；疑问句,ever,与,no matter,疑问词。如：,Whether you believe it or not,it is true.,不论你是否相信，它都是真。,Whatever(,No matter what)you say,he wont believe you.,不论你说什么，他都不相信你。,Whoever you are(,No matter who you are),，,you must obey the rules.,不论你是谁，你必须恪守规则。,43/54,注意：,whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever,还能够引导名词性从句。如：,You can take whatever you like.(,宾语从句,),你能够带走你喜欢任何东西。,44/54,考点九,比较状语从句,比较状语从句惯用,than,，,so(as),.as,，,the more.the more,等引导。,I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.,我犯错误比你犯多得多。,The busier he is,the happier he feels.,他越忙，就感到越幸福。,45/54,考点十,状语从句中省略现象,1,时间状语从句中常见省略形式：,Dont speak until spoken to.,有些人对你说话时你才说。,Once seen,it can never be forgotten.,一旦被看见，它便不会被忘记。,While in Beijing,I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.,在北京时，我参观了颐和园。,46/54,Pressure can be reduced when needed.,必要时压力可减。,I prefer my milk a little sweet whenever possible.,可能话，我喜欢牛奶甜点。,He was a swimmer when a child.,他小时候就是一个游泳运动员。,47/54,As a young man,Abraham Lincoln was a storekeeper and a postmaster.,阿伯拉罕林,肯年轻时当过零售店主和邮政所所长。,He often makes mistakes when speaking English.,说英语他常说错。,She always sings while doing her work.,她干活时总唱歌。,48/54,2,条件状语从句中常见省略形式：,Come tomorrow if possible.,可能话就明天来吧。,If so,you must get back and get it.,假如这么话，你必须回去把它拿来。,Ill buy a TV set if necessary.,如有必要，我就买一台电视机。,He has no money.If any,he will give us.,他没有钱，假如有，他会给我们。,49/54,If in need,dont hesitate to ask me for money.,如需要钱，无须犹豫，向我要就是了。,The girl never gave in unless wrong.,这女孩不会屈服，除非她错了。,Unless repaired,the machine is of no use.,这台机器如不维修便毫无用处。,50/54,3,方式状语从句中常见省略形式：,Some flowers shut up at night as if(they did this in order)to sleep.,有些花夜间收拢，好像为了睡觉一样。,She stood at the gate as if(she was)waiting for someone.,她站在门口好像在等人。,The woman teacher hurriedly left the classroom as though(she was)angry.,这位女教师急忙忙忙离开教室，好像生气了。,51/54,The inspector looked round,as if(he was)in search of something.,这位稽查员四面张望，好像在寻找什么。,Jane seemed as if(she was)good at everything.,简好像擅长一切。,52/54,4,其它状语从句中省略形式：,Though cold,he still wore a shirt.,天气即使冷，他还穿一件衬衫。,The man,while(he is)well over eighty,can walk faster than I.,这人即使年过八十，却比我走得快。,53/54,As he was blind,he couldnt see anything.,Being blind,he couldnt see anything.,他瞎了，什么东西也看不见。,Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.,在需要地方填上冠词。,54/54,