八年级英语下册-Unit-12-Western-China-Part-1重难点讲解-北师大版.doc

Unit 12 Western China
一. 本周教学内容：
Unit 12 Part 1
复习动词的现在完成时和一般过去时，复习使用there be 和have/has的使用。

二. 本周教学重点：
  1. 复习现在完成时,一般过去时
  2. 复习there be 和have/has的使用
  3. 课文中的重点词组。

三. 具体内容：
（一）1. 现在完成时：
现在完成时可以描述刚刚完成的动作,这时可以用just..
She has just returned from inner Mongolia.
They have just finished their voluntary service.
也可以描述从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或者描述经历.
I have had a great time.
They have read a lot.
2. 两种时态的区分
（1）一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，
而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“助动词have /has +过去分词”。
（2）一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等；而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和these days, this week, since..., for...等表示一段时间的状语连用。
①Have you seen the film?（A）Did you see the film?（B）[说明] 你看过这部电影吗？
（A）句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；（B）句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。
②How has he done it?(A) How did he do it?(B)[说明]他是怎么做的这件事？（A）句强调的是他做这件事的方式对现在产生了某种影响；(B)句单纯地询问做这件事的方式。
③He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.（A） He lived in Beijing for 8 years.（B）[说明]他在北京住了8年。（A）句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8年，可能还会继续在北京住下去。
（B）句讲的是他在北京住过8年，现在不在北京了。
Ex. Read the passage and completed it with the correct form of the verbs.
Li Nan was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Two years ago, he       (graduate) from medical school at Zhejiang University. Then he        (volunteer) to work with the Go West program. He      (go) to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and       (work) as a doctor. At first, he worked very hard. But he      (feel) lonely because he      (be) a long way from home. Sometimes he       (feel) like giving up. But after a short time, he      (be) able to make many new friends. People there were kind and warm-hearted. He      (begin) to like the place. Li Nan      just      (complete) his two years of voluntary service and        (return) home. He said, “I       (learn) a lot. It      (be) a useful experience for me.”

（二）there be 和have/has的使用。
1. there be 表示某地有某物，某处存在某物，不表示所属关系。there be 后的名词是主语，主语后的介词短语为地点状语。
There is a ball in my hand.
There are some apples in the basket.
Is there any water in the glass?
2. have/has 是拥有，占有的意思。它表示一种所属关系。
I have a pen in my hand.
I don’t have any car.
Do you have any computer?
3. 表示单位的组成，构成时，have 和there be 可互换。
A week has seven days./ There are seven days in a week.
A year has four seasons./ There are four seasons in a year.
Ex. Read the text and complete it with the words from the box.
smallest   region   provinces  deserts    resources  tourists     fewer
Western China
Western China is a large and beautiful region. It includes one major city, Chongqing, six     , and five autonomous region. The six provinces are Sichuan, Shanxi, Gansu, Yunnan, Qinghai, and Guizhou. The five autonomous regions are Tibet, Ningxia Hui, Xinjiang Uygur, Guangxi Zhuang, and Inner Mongolia. Among all these provinces and autonomous regions, Xinjiang is the largest         and Ningxia is the          region.
Western China has an area of 5,400,000 square kilometers. This is about 56 percent of the total area of the country. However, there are many mountains, highlands, and        , and there are fewer rivers and lakes than in the East. Only 22.8 percent of the population of China lives in the West, far       people than those living in the East.
Western China has a lot of natural       . It is rich in oil and gas and it has many different kinds of minerals.         like to visit the area. There are many famous museums, ancient palaces, tombs, and caves, such as the Dazu Museum, the Potala Palace, the Dunhuang Caves, and many other beautiful places such as Yunnan Dali and Sichuan Jiuzhaigou Valley. 

（三）重点词组：
1. in the west/east/south/north
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
Beijing is in the north of China.
2. be rich in
Oranges are rich in vitamin C.
The northeast part of China is rich in rice.
3. plan to do
The school has planned to hold a sport meeting in spring.
4. at the end of…
The speaker said “Goodbye” to the audience at the end of the meeting.
5. dream of
My friend is dreaming of being a spaceman when he grows up.
Jim dreams of becoming a film star one day.
6. spend… doing…
Many students usually spend 3 or 4 hours doing their homework every night.
Wang Peng spends his spare time collecting stamps.
7. begin to do sth.
Many children began to learn English at the age of six.
8. find out
How did he find out?
We must try to find out when the train leaves.
9. over half
We went over half of the distance on foot.
10. at first
At first I didn’t like him but later I found he was an honest man.
At first he was not interested in the work but later he became used to it.
11. by the way
By the way, this is between us only.
By the way, you may come, too.

课堂练习：
I. 用动词的适当形式填空。
1. His father     (go) to work in Japan in 1990.
    He      (work) there for a long time.
2. Jim      (work) a lot of friends since he      (study) in our school.
3. He      just     (receive) a letter from Mary. She     (write) the letter a week ago.
4. She      (visit) it last week and she       (learn) a lot.
5. —    you      (see) pandas?
    —Yes, I have.
    —Where      you     (see) them?
    —I      (see) them when I was in Sichuan last year.
6. He can’t play football. He     (break) his leg when he got off the bike.
7.        you ever     (read) the story about Hong Zhanhui?

II. 完成句子：
1. 这个国家有丰富的煤矿。
This country                     coal.
2. 他梦想去欧洲。
He                      Europe.
3. 我们学校在这条街的尽头。
Our school is                         the street.
4. 我计划去青岛度假。
I                  my holiday      Qingdao.
5. 在北京的第一天，我去了天安门。
                              in Beijing, I went to Tian’anmen Square.

III. 改错。
1. He is a tour guide for two years.

2. He’s borrowed the book since two weeks ago.

3. He has worn glasses for his childhood.

4. He says he has just now finished doing his homework.

5. Have you listen to the news yesterday morning?

6. I have studied English since six years.

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