GMAT verbal练习题.doc

Verbal Section

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q1:
According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the Association of American Medical Colleges, minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas.

A. minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice
B. minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than other graduates who plan on practicing
C. minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing
D. it is nearly four times more likely that minority graduates rather than other graduates will plan to practice
E. it is nearly four times as likely for minority graduates than other graduates to plan to practice
Answer:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q2:
Charles Lindbergh, for his attempt at a solo transatlantic flight, was very reluctant to have any extra weight on his plane, he therefore refused to carry even a pound of mail, despite being offered $1,000 to do so.

A. Charles Lindbergh, for his attempt at a solo transatlantic flight, was very reluctant to have any extra weight on his plane, he therefore
B. When Charles Lindbergh was attempting his solo transatlantic flight, being very reluctant to have any extra weight on his plane, he
C. Since he was very reluctant to carry any extra weight on his plane when he was attempting his solo transatlantic flight, so Charles Lindbergh
D. Being very reluctant to carry any extra weight on his plane when he attempted his solo transatlantic flight was the reason that Charles Lindbergh
E. Very reluctant to have any extra weight on his plane when he attempted his solo transatlantic flight, Charles Lindbergh
Answer:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q3:
For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.

A. each a roof of poles and arrowweed
B. each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being
C. with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed
D. with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be
E. with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are
Answer:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q4 to Q6:
Prior to 1965 geologists assumed
that the two giant rock plates meeting at
the San Andreas Fault generate heat
Line through friction as they grind past each
(5) other, but in 1965 Henyey found that
temperatures in drill holes near the
fault were not as elevated as had
been expected. Some geologists
wondered whether the absence of
(10) friction-generated heat could be
explained by the kinds of rock com-
posing the fault. Geologists’ pre-1965
assumptions concerning heat gen-
erated in the fault were based on
(15) calculations about common varieties of
rocks, such as limestone and granite;
but “weaker” materials, such as clays,
had already been identified in samples
retrieved from the fault zone. Under
(20) normal conditions, rocks composed of
clay produce far less friction than do
other rock types.
In 1992 Byerlee tested whether
these materials would produce friction
(25) 10 to 15 kilometers below the Earth’s
surface. Byerlee found that when clay
samples were subjected to the thou-
sands of atmospheres of pressure
they would encounter deep inside the
(30) Earth, they produced as much friction
as was produced by other rock types.
The harder rocks push against each
other, the hotter they become; in other
words, pressure itself, not only the
(35) rocks’ properties, affects frictional
heating. Geologists therefore won-
dered whether the friction between the
plates was being reduced by pockets
of pressurized water within the fault that
push the plates away from each other.
-----
Q4:
The passage suggests which of the following regarding Henyey’s findings about temperature in the San Andreas Fault?

A. Scientists have yet to formulate a definitive explanation for Henyey’s findings.
B. Recent research suggests that Henyey’s explanation for the findings should be modified.
C. Henyey’s findings had to be recalculated in light of Byerlee’s 1992 experiment.
D. Henyey’s findings provided support for an assumption long held by geologists.
E. Scientists have been unable to duplicate Henyey’s findings using more recent experimental methods.
Answer:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q5:
The passage is primarily concerned with

A. evaluating a method used to test a particular scientific hypothesis
B. discussing explanations for an unexpected scientific finding
C. examining the assumptions underlying a particular experiment
D. questioning the validity of a scientific finding
E. presenting evidence to support a recent scientific hypothesis
Answer:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q6:
The passage mostly agree that Heney’s findings about temperature in the San Andreas Fault made the greatest contribution in that they

A. revealed an error in previous measurements of temperature in the San Andreas Fault zone
B. indicated the types of clay present in the rocks that form the San Andreas Fault
C. established the superiority of a particular technique for evaluating data concerning friction in the San Andreas Fault
D. suggested that geologists had inaccurately assumed that giant rock plates that meet at the San Andreas Fault generate heat through friction
E. confirmed geologists’ assumptions about the amount of friction generated by common varieties of rocks, such as limestone and granite
Answer:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q7:
For similar cars and drivers, automobile insurance for collision damage has always cost more in Greatport than in Fairmont. Police studies, however, show that cars owned by Greatport residents are, on average, slightly less likely to be involved in a collision than cars in Fairmont. Clearly, therefore, insurance companies are making a greater profit on collision-damage insurance in Greatport than in Fairmont.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A. Repairing typical collision damage does not cost more in Greatport than in Fairmont.
B. There are no more motorists in Greatport than in Fairmont.
C. Greatport residents who have been in a collision are more likely to report it to their insurance company than Fairmont residents are.
D. Fairmont and Greatport are the cities with the highest collision-damage insurance rates.
E. The insurance companies were already aware of the difference in the likelihood of collisions before the publication of the police reports.
Answer:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q8:
Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal with all other pollutants.

A. an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system’s ability to deal
B. an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s capability of dealing
C. an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing
D. a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal
E. a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system’s ability to deal
Answer:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q9:
Although exposure to asbestos is the primary cause of mesothelioma, a slow-developing cancer, researchers believe that infection by the SV40 virus is a contributing cause, since in the United States 60 percent of tissue samples from mesotheliomas, but none from healthy tissue, contain SV40. SV40 is a monkey virus; however, in 1960 some polio vaccine was contaminated with the virus. Researchers hypothesize that this vaccine was the source of the virus found in mesotheliomas decades later.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the researchers’ hypothesis?

A. SV40 is widely used as a research tool in cancer laboratories.
B. Changes in the technique of manufacturing the vaccine now prevent contamination with SV40.
C. Recently discovered samples of the vaccine dating from 1960 still show traces of the virus.
D. In a small percentage of cases of mesothelioma, there is no history of exposure to asbestos.
E. In Finland, where the polio vaccine was never contaminated, samples from mesotheliomas do not contain SV40.
Answer:
--------
Q10 to Q13:
One proposal for pre-
serving rain forests is to
promote the adoption of
Line new agricultural technolo-
(5) gies, such as improved
plant varieties and use of
chemical herbicides, which
would increase productivity
and slow deforestation by
(10) reducing demand for new
cropland. Studies have
shown that farmers in
developing countries who
have achieved certain levels
(15) of education, wealth, and
security of land tenure are
more likely to adopt such
technologies. But these
studies have focused on
(20) villages with limited land
that are tied to a market
economy rather than on
the relatively isolated, self-
sufficient communities with
(25) ample land characteristic of
rain-forest regions. A recent
study of the Tawahka people
of the Honduran rain forest
found that farmers with some
(30) formal education were more
likely to adopt improved plant
varieties but less likely to
use chemical herbicides
and that those who spoke
(35) Spanish (the language of
the market economy) were
more likely to adopt both
technologies. Nonland
wealth was also associated
(40) with more adoption of both
technologies, but availability
of uncultivated land reduced
the incentive to employ the
productivity-enhancing tech-
(45) nologies. Researchers
also measured land-tenure
security: in Tawahka
society, kinship ties are a
more important indicator of
(50) this than are legal property
rights, so researchers
measured it by a house-
hold’s duration of residence
in its village. They found
(55) that longer residence cor-
related with more adoption
of improved plant varieties
but less adoption of
chemical herbicides.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q10:
The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. evaluate the likelihood that a particular proposal, if implemented, would ultimately succeed in achieving its intended result
B. question the assumption that certain technological innovations are the most effective means of realizing a particular environmental objective
C. discuss the progress of efforts to encourage a particular traditional society to adopt certain modern agricultural methods
D. present the results of new research suggesting that previous findings concerning one set of conditions may not be generalizable to another set of conditions
E. weigh the relative importance of three factors in determining whether a particular strategy will be successful
Answer:
------------------------------------------------------------
Q11:
According to the passage, the proposal mentioned in line 1 is aimed at preserving rain forests by encouraging farmers in rain-forest regions to do each of the following EXCEPT

A. adopt new agricultural technologies
B. grow improved plant varieties
C. decrease their use of chemical herbicides
D. increase their productivity
E. reduce their need to clear new land for cultivation
Answer:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q12:
The passage suggests that in the study mentioned in line 27 the method for gathering information about security of land tenure reflects which of the following pairs of assumptions about Tawahka society?

A. The security of a household’s land tenure depends on the strength of that household’s kinship ties, and the duration of a household’s residence in its village is an indication of the strength of that household’s kinship ties.
B. The ample availability of land makes security of land tenure unimportant, and the lack of a need for secure land tenure has made the concept of legal property rights unnecessary.
C. The strength of a household’s kinship ties is a more reliable indicator of that household’s receptivity to new agricultural technologies than is its quantity of nonland wealth, and the duration of a household’s residence in its village is a more reliable indicator of that household’s security of land tenure than is the strength of its kinship ties.
D. Security of land tenure based on kinship ties tends to make farmers more receptive to the use of improved plant varieties, and security of land tenure based on long duration of residence in a village tends to make farmers more receptive to the use of chemical herbicides.
E. A household is more likely to be receptive to the concept of land tenure based on legal property rights if it has easy access to uncultivated land, and a household is more likely to uphold the tradition of land tenure based on kinship ties if it possesses a significant degree of nonland wealth.
Answer:
---------------------------
Q13:
The findings of the study mentioned in line 27, if valid for rain-forest regions in general, suggest that which of the following is an obstacle most likely to be faced by those wishing to promote rain-forest preservation by implementing the proposal mentioned in line 1?

A. Lack of legal property rights tends to discourage local farmers from investing the time and resources required to successfully implement new agricultural technologies.
B. The ability to evaluate the wider economic ramifications of adopting new aricultural technologies depends on a relatively high level of formal education.
C. Isolation from the market economy tends to restrict local farmers’ access to new agricultural technologies that could help them to increase their productivity.
D. Ready availability of uncultivated land tends to decrease local farm