1、每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters考点大全笔记 单选题 1、One day, an idea ________ Waters that maybe her cooking could help her make some money. A.struckB.beatC.occurredD.recalled 答案:A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天,沃特斯突然想到,也许她的厨艺可以帮她赚些钱。A. struck击打,突然想到;B. beat打败;C. occurred出现,(想法)产生;D. recalled回想起。根据句意可知,句
2、中表达了“突然想到……”的含义,需要用到sth. strikes sb.或sth. occurs to sb.来表示;此处为一般过去时,所以动词要用过去式。故选A项。 2、A real friend is someone_____support we can count on. A.whoseB.whichC.whatD.who 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:真正的朋友是我们可以依靠的人。分析句子可知,_____support we can count on是一个定语从句,先行词是someone,从句当中的support前缺少定语,定语从句的关系词中可以作定语的只有whose。故选A。
3、 3、Andrew is a brilliant student, ________ is sure to succeed in whatever career he chooses. A.and whoB.oneC.and oneD.one who 答案:D 考查同位语及定语从句。句意:Andrew是一个聪明的学生,无论他选择什么职业,他都一定会成功。根据句子结构可知,此句是非限制性定语从句。用one作Andrew的同位语,引导词指代one和Andrew,且在从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句,故选D。 4、From monuments ________define histor
4、y, to towering skyscrapers, to a little red lighthouse under a huge suspension bridge, you’ll be treated to spectacular views. A.whenB.thatC.whereD.whose 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:从定义历史的纪念碑,到高耸的摩天大楼,到巨大吊桥下的红色小灯塔,您将看到壮观的景色。此处为定语从句修饰先行词monuments,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代词that或which引导。故选B。 5、The man ________ coat i
5、s black is waiting at the gate. A.who’sB.whoseC.thatD.of which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:穿黑色外套的那个人正在门口等着。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是man,关系词在从句中作定语,和coat是所属关系,应用whose引导。故选B项。 6、I live next door to a couple________ children often make a lot of noise. A.whyB.whoseC.thatD.which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:我住在一对夫妇的隔壁,他们的孩子经常很吵闹
6、此处为定语从句修饰先行词couple,先行词在从句中作定语,用关系代词whose。故选B。 7、Those ______ achieve great things are the ones willing to be scared but not scared off. A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whom 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词Those指人,因此空格处用关系代词who,故选B。 8、The house, ___________I bought
7、 last year, needs to be repaired. A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when 答案:A 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我去年买的房子需要修理。分析句子结构可知,非限制性定语从句当中缺少宾语,先行词是the house,所以应用关系代词which来引导。故选A。 9、Two “stolen” notebooks written by Charles Darwin were left anonymously in a bright pink gift bag ________the original blue box ________the not
8、ebooks were kept in and a plain brown envelope. A.containing, whereB.to contain, whichC.containing, /D.to contain, that 答案:C 考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意:两本被偷的查尔斯·达尔文的笔记被匿名放在一个亮粉色的礼品袋里,里面装着存放这些笔记的原来的蓝色盒子和一个普通的棕色信封。分析句子可知,第一空处动词contain(包含,装着)作后置定语修饰名词a bright pink gift bag,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语a bright pink gift bag之间
9、是主动关系,应用现在分词表主动;第二空后“the notebooks were kept in and a plain brown envelope”是定语从句,修饰先行词the original blue box,先行词在定语从句中作介词in后的宾语,应用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句,且可省略。故选C项。 10、Some regional and international passenger flights remain ________ until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus. A.c
10、rashedB.conductedC.suspendedD.sustained 答案:C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于对病毒的担忧日益加剧,一些区域和国际客运航班继续暂停,直到另行通知。A. crashed撞车;B. conducted实施;C. suspended暂停;D. sustained维持。根据后文“until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus”可知指由于对病毒的担忧日益加剧,一些区域和国际客运航班继续暂停,应用suspend。故选C。 11、The novel published last mon
11、th, ________ author was a 15-year-old girl, is a best-seller. A.whichB.whoC.whenD.whose 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:这本小说上个月出版,作者是一个15岁的女孩,是一本畅销书。分析句子,设空处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少定语,修饰先行词the novel。故选D。 12、Have you bought the same book________ I referred to yesterday? A.whenB.whichC.whereD.as 答案:D 考查定语从句关系词。句意:你买了我昨天提
12、到的那本书了吗?分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是the same book,在从句中作to的宾语,the same…as…(和……一样),句中应由as引导定语从句。故选D项。 13、Following the girl, we went into a hall, on ________ walls hung pictures of some famous scientists. A.whoseB.itsC.whichD.that 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:我们跟着女孩走进一个大厅,大厅的墙上挂着一些著名科学家的照片。分析句子,设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,引导词在从句中作定
13、语,指代hall’s,意为“大厅的”,故使用whose。故选A。 14、The prize will go to the writer ________story shows the most imagination. A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:该奖将授予故事表现出最丰富想象力的作家。分析句子可知, writer为先行词,作定语从句的定语,关系代词为whose。故选C项。 15、The bird flu ________through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 2
14、0 times so far, ________16 persons. A.sweeps; killedB.swept; killingC.sweeping; to killD.sweeping; killing 答案:D 考查非谓语动词。句意:到目前为止,席卷亚洲的禽流感已经从鸟类传播到人类至少20次,造成16人死亡。A.sweeps; killed 席卷;杀死;B.swept; killing 席卷;杀死;C.sweeping; to kill席卷;杀死;D.sweeping; killing席卷;杀死。分析句子可知谓语动词是has jumped,推断两个空格处都是非谓语动词,排除A
15、选项(sweeps是第三人称单数);第一空处The bird flu和sweep之间是主动关系,用现在分词作后置定语,排除B(swept是过去式或过去分词);第二空处用现在分词作结果状语,表示顺其自然的结果,排除C(动词不定式表示出乎意料的结果)。故选D。 16、Public schools in the United States have to be neutral about religion ______ they close for holidays like Christmas. A.in caseB.as ifC.in thatD.even though 答案:D 考查让
16、步状语从句。句意:美国的公立学校必须在宗教问题上保持中立,即使他们会在圣诞节这样的节日关闭。A.in case 以防;B.as if 似乎;好像;C.in that因为; D.even though即使。结合句意可知,学校在像圣诞节这样的节日会停课,美国必须对宗教保持中立。所以空白处与前文为让步关系,选项D符合题意,故选D。 17、It was in the lab ________ was taken charge of by Professor Black ________ they did the experiment. A.that; whereB.which; that C.w
17、hom; thatD.which; where 答案:B 考查定语从句和强调句型。句意:他们是在Black教授负责的实验室里做实验的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,先行词是lab,关系词在从句中作主语,应用that或which引导;第二空和句首的It was构成强调句型,被强调部分是地点状语in the lab,故此处用that。故选B项。 18、The villagers, ________had been washed away by the flood, received the government's aid. A.all their propertiesB.all of
18、 their properties C.all whose propertiesD.all of whose properties 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:村里所有的财产都被洪水冲走,村民们得到了政府的援助。根据句子结构分析可知,“received”是主句谓语,因此设空处引导的句子为非限制性定语从句,先行词为villages(村庄),从句中连词做定语修饰主语properties,意为“村庄的财产”,用关系代词whose。不定代词all修饰名词时需要使用介词of,意为“所有的……”。故选D。 19、With more and more forests _______, we mus
19、t take action to protect our earth. A.destroyingB.destroyedC.to destroyD.are destroyed 答案:B 考查过去分词。句意:随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏,我们必须采取行动去保护我们的地球。空格处是with的复合结构中的宾补,由于宾补和宾语 forests 是被动关系,因此要用过去分词。故选B。 20、Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with every human weakness stood at the point in history magic
20、ended and science began. A.who; whereB.which; whereC.who; whenD.which; that 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:牛顿被证明是一位天才科学家,有着人类的种种弱点,他站在了历史上魔术结束、科学开始的时刻。分析句子可知,两个设空处都引导定语从句;第一空处关系词代替先行词Newton在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词who,第二空处关系词代替先行词point在从句中充当地点状语,应用关系副词where,故选A项。 21、The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year
21、 on a new roof ________ life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof. A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.such 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:这个项目在新屋顶冷却方面每年可节省约4000美元,新屋顶使用寿命比传统屋顶长50%左右。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是a new roof,关系词和life span之间是所属关系,应用whose引导,在从句中作定语。故选B项。 22、Was it in the village ______ we used
22、to live in ______ the accident happened? A.that; whereB.which; that C.where; thatD.which; where 答案:B 考查定语从句和强调句。句意:事故是在我们过去住的那个村庄发生的吗?根据句子结构,第一空为which引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the village,先行词在定语从句中作live in的宾语,应用关系代词which引导;分析句子,全句使用了强调句型“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子其它部分”的一般疑问句形式,本句强调的是原句中地点状语“in the vil
23、lage where we used to live in”,句子其它部分由that引出。故选B。 23、Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A.whoB.of whomC.whoseD.that 答案:C 考查关系词。句意:不运动或饮食中脂肪含量高的儿童体重会迅速增加。分析句子可知,此处为连词whose引导的限制性定语从句,先行词Children在从句中作定语成分,和从句中的主语diet为所属关系。故选C项。 24、When people talk a
24、bout the cities of the U.S., the first________comes into mind is New York. A.oneB.thatC.whichD.of them 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:当人们谈论美国的城市时,首先想到的是纽约。A.one 一个;B.that 那个;C. which 那个;D. of them 他们的。分析句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是the first是序数词 ,应该用关系代词that引导从句,且that在从句中作主语。故选B项。 25、I’ll ask the teacher about the subj
25、unctive mood______I’m very puzzled about; and that’s also ______ most of our classmates have doubt. A.which; whatB.why; thatC.which; whereD.that; how 答案:C 考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:我会问老师关于虚拟语气的问题,我对此很困惑;这也是我们大多数同学怀疑的地方。“I’m very puzzled about”是定语从句,从句中缺少宾语,先行词“the subjunctive mood”是物,因此第一空用关系代词which/that引导定
26、语从句,“most of our classmates have doubt”是表语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,根据语境可知,句子表示“这也是我们大多数同学怀疑的地方”,因此空格处是“......的地方”,因此第二空用where引导表语从句,故选C。 26、We all like the teachers _______class is interesting and creative. A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.that 答案:C 考查定语从句关系代词。句意:我们都喜欢那些在课堂上很有趣和很有创意的老师。A. who谁(疑问词可引导名词性从句;引导定语从句,在定语从句中
27、指代人做主语); B. whom谁(宾格,可引导名词性从句和定语从句,在定语从句中指代人做宾语); C. whose 谁的(疑问词可引导名词性从句;引导定语从句,在定语从句中指代人或物做定语语);D. that那个(可引导名词性从句不作成分;引导定语从句,在定语从句中做主语或宾语)。分析句子,该空需要一个关系代词引导定语从句,修饰限定先行词teachers,定语从句中主系表成分完整,需要关系代词whose作先行词teachers的定语。故选C项。 27、Teenagers nowadays are a “technology” generation, different from those
28、 ________ their parents used to be. A.whomB.whatC.whoD.that 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:现在的青少年是“科技”一代,与他们父母那代人不同。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从句中作表语,根据定语从句引导词的特殊用法,先行词为those,引导词使用who。故选C。 28、Lack of mutual________not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also________your relationships and your se
29、lf-esteem. A.comment … differB.respect … damage C.benefit … destroyD.expectation … decorate 答案:B 考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意:缺乏相互尊敬不仅会妨碍你的工作,还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment“评论”,differ“有区别,有分歧”;respect“尊敬”,damage“损害;伤害”;benefit“益处;好处”,destroy“毁坏”;expectation“期待”,decorate“装饰”。根据句意,相互不尊重会妨碍工作,也会损害人际关系和自尊。故选B。 小提示: 29、I
30、t is in the hall can house 10,000 people the opening ceremony of the Global 5G Technology Summit will be held. A.which;thatB.where;thatC.which;whoD.where; whom. 答案:A 考查定语从句和强调句。句意: 全球5G技术峰会的开幕式将在可以容纳10,000人的大厅里举行。分析句子可知, can house 10,000 people是定语从句,修饰the hall,指物,从句中做主语,用关系代词which或that,
31、故排除B、D项;因为the opening ceremony of the Global 5G Technology Summit will be held in the hall是完整的句子,故是强调句型,强调地点状语 in the hall can house 10,000 people。故第二空用that,综上,故选A。 小提示:定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点: (1) 一看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等。 (2) 二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是
32、作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose,有时也用which;作状语要用when, where, why。 (3) 三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 例如第一空,分析句子可知, can house 10,000 people是定语从句, 修饰the hall, 指物, 从句中做主语, 用关系代词which或that。 30、The nurse will be ______ when needed, so it’s unnecessary to worry about the patien
33、t. A.in the open airB.on handC.in shockD.now and then 答案:B 考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:需要时护士会在旁边,所以不必担心病人。A. in the open air在户外;B. on hand在场,在旁边;C. in shock处于震惊之中;D. now and then时而,有时。根据句意可知,不必担心病人,因为如果病人有需要,护士会在旁边,“on hand”意为“在跟前,在旁边”,符合句意。故选B项。 完成句子 31、仿佛到了世界末日。 It seemed________ the world were coming to
34、an end. 答案:as if 考查连词。对比中英文句子,表达“仿佛”可用as if,此处引导表语从句。故填as if。 小提示: 32、众所周知,抽烟会损害我们的健康。(一句多译) (1)As we all know, smoking can ____________(damage n.) (2)It is well known that smoking can ____________.(damage vt.) 答案: do/cause damage to our health damage our health 考查动词短语、名词短语和情态动词。小题1中
35、提示词damage作名词,结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语do/cause damage to,意为“损害……”,表示“我们的健康”,用名词短语our health;故小题1填do/cause damage to our health。 考查动词和名词短语。小题2中,提示词damage作动词,结合句意可知,damage在句中作谓语动词,因为设空前有情态动词can,所以damage用原形;表示“我们的健康”,用名词短语our health。故小题2填damage our health。 33、We are going to learn some Chinese poems _________
36、 in the Tang Dynasty. 我们将学习在唐朝时期创作出来的一些中国诗歌。 答案:that/which were written 考查定语从句和时态。表达“创作”应使用动词write。分析句子可知,空处应使用that或which引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词poems(复数,指物),并在从句中充当主语成分。由于poems与动词write之间是被动的关系,且write这个动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填that/which were written。 34、为了应对未来的问题,我们应该养成良好的工作习惯,提高生活技能。(定语从句) ________
37、 , we should develop good working habits and improve our life skills. 答案:To cope with the problems that we may meet with in the future 考查非谓语动词、动词短语、名词和定语从句。表示“应对”,可用动词短语cope with。表示“问题”,可用名词problem。根据要求用定语从句来修饰“问题”。“未来的问题”实际上就是指“未来我们遇到的问题”。在该从句中,应该用we作主语。表示“遇到”,可用meet with。先行词problems作meet的宾语,应该用关
38、系代词which/that引导从句,且关系代词还可省略。表示“未来”,可用in the future。因此,从句可翻译为:that we may meet with in the future。“为了应对未来的问题”表目的,应该用动词不定式表示。故填To cope with the problems that we may meet with in the future。 35、一句多译 没有必要担心,我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。 1 .There is no need to worry. We can ________. 2 .There is no need to worry.
39、We can________. 答案: supply you with whatever you need supply whatever you need to you 考查动词,宾语从句。表示“给……提供……”,可使用动词固定搭配supply sth. to sb.或supply sb. with sth.。表示“任何你需要的东西”使用whatever引导宾语从句 whatever you need。故填①supply you with whatever you needs;②upply whatever you need to you. 36、她说起来就好像她见过钟
40、南山一样。 She talked ________ ________ she had met Zhong Nanshan. 答案: as if##though 考查固定短语和虚拟语气。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“好像”,是固定短语as if/though,故填as,if/though。 37、此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。 The number of people___________in the quake ___________. 答案: who were killed or badly injured was more tha
41、n 400,000 考查定语从句和主谓一致。结合原句,分析句子可知,全句讲述过去的事情,用一般过去时;“地震中丧生或身受重伤的”是定语,修饰名词people,可表达为限制性定语从句:who were killed or badly injured in the quake,其中关系代词who代替先行词people在从句中作主语,谓语动词应用复数形式,所以be动词用were;第二空中,因主语是“the number of + 复数名词”,视为单数,所以be动词用was,“超过40万”用more than 400,000表示。故填①who were killed or badly injured
42、②was more than 400,000。 38、唐山再次发生了几乎和第一次一样强烈的地震。 Another quake ______________ as strong as the first one shook Tangshan again. 答案:which/that was almost 考查定语从句。根据所给汉语可知,“________ as strong as the first one”是定语从句,修饰Another quake,先行词Another quake在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which/that引导该定语从句。先行词Another quake是单
43、数,从句谓语动词用单数,根据主句谓语动词shook,可知从句用一般过去时,从句谓语动词是was,“几乎”是almost,故填which/that was almost。 39、The company __________________ as a result of the accident. 由于那次事故,该公司遭受了重大损失。 答案:suffered a great loss 考查一般过去时和固定短语。空处意为“遭受了重大损失”,为固定短语suffer a great loss;suffer在句中做谓语成分,a great loss在句中做宾语成分;由语境可知,那次事故发生在过去,
44、遭受了重大损失也发生在过去,谓语应用一般过去时。故填suffered a great loss。 40、一方面,我能通过做这样的事赚些钱来帮助父母,另一方面,我能从中获得一些经验,这会对我将来的生活有益。 ____________,I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents, and ____________, I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life. 答案: On the one hand on the
45、other hand 考查副词短语。根据汉语提示,副词短语on the one hand…“一方面……”和 on the other hand…“另一方面……”符合题意,在句子中做状语。注意首字母大写。故①空填On the one hand;②空填on the other hand。 语法填空 41、The soldiers were sent to the earthquake stricken area immediately to save the people ________ (trap) in the ruins. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:trapped 考查非谓
46、语动词。句意:士兵们立即被派往地震灾区,营救被困在废墟中的人们。句中谓语动词为were sent,所以此处的动词trap要以非谓语的形式出现。动词trap和其逻辑主语the people之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词trapped作后置定语,修饰the people。故填trapped。 42、—Do you have any plans for the summer break? —Not really. I think I am just staying at home ________ (read) some books. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:reading 考查非谓
47、语动词。句意:——你这个暑假有什么计划吗?——真的没有。我想我只会是待在家里,看一些书。分析句子可知,“ I am just staying at home ① (read) some books. ”为宾语从句,“think”为主句的谓语;在宾语从句中,stay为谓语,所以 read some books 在句中做状语,要使用非谓语动词,I和read是主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填reading。 43、The plane crashed into the mountain, but the pilot managed________ (survive). (所给词的
48、适当形式填空) 答案:to survive 考查非谓语动词。句意:飞机撞在山上,但飞行员设法活了下来。此处考查动词短语manage to do sth,设空处应填动词不定式,作宾语。故填to survive。 44、We were relieved to learn that all the miners________(be rescued)from the accident. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:had been rescued 考查时态。句意:得知所有的矿工都已从事故中被救出,我们松了一口气。此处从句表示过去的过去应用过去完成时,且为被动语态。故填had been
49、rescued。 45、He sat down on the floor, ________(bury)his face in his hands. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:burying 考查非谓语动词。句意:他坐在地板上,双手掩着脸。空处应填非谓语动词的形式,句子主语He与bury之间为主动关系,应用现在分词表主动,作伴随状语。故填burying。 46、These plants must _______(shelter) from direct sunlight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:be sheltered 考查动词的语态。句意:这些植物必须被遮蔽以避免
50、阳光直接照射。结合句意These plants与shelter之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,情态动词must之后应用动词原形,空处应填be sheltered。故填be sheltered。 47、To our shock, the plane lost track of the airport and then crashed with no one_______(survive). (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:surviving 考查非谓语动词。句意:令我们震惊的是,飞机与机场失去了联系,然后坠毁了,无人生还。此处是with复合结构,no one与survive是逻辑主谓关系,应






