高中英语虚拟语气思维导图.doc

高中英语虚拟语气思维导图
知识总表

Ⅰ

虚拟情况
If条件句
主句
与现在事实相反
If+主语+V过
主语+（would; could; should; might）+V原
与过去事实相反
If+主语+had+ V过分
主语+（would; could; should; might ）have +V过
与将来事实可能相反

If+主语+V过
Should+V原
Wereto+V原
主语+（would; could; should; might）+V原

例句：
1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：
　1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella.
　　如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）
　2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.
　　如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
　3．If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.
　　如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)
　4．If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.
　　如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱）
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况
1. If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.
如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 （事实：去晚了）
2．If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.
如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。 （事实：没有听我的话）
3、表示对将来情况的主观推测
1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.
　 如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小）
　2．If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.
　 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：不知能否下雪）
　3．If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.
如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末

【典型例题】
　　1） If I had seen the movie, I ______________ you all about it now.
A. would tell B. will tell
C. have told D. would have told
2）If he _______ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. (2010年湖南卷)
　　A. followed B. should follow
　　C. had followed D. would follow
3）John went to the hospital alone. If he ______ me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010年天津卷)
A. should tell B. tells
　　C. told D. had told
4） If we _______ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010年陕西卷)
　　A. take B. had taken
　　C. took D. have taken
5）—The weather has been very hot and dry.
　　 —Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ______. (2010年北京卷)
　　A. wouldn't die B. didn't die
　　C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died

Ⅱ

例句：
1. Were I Tom, I would refuse.
如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。
2. Should it be necessary, I would go.
假若有必要，我会去的。
　3. Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。
　4. We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。
　5. I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have come to help you.
我那天很忙。否则我会来帮你的。
6. Without your help, we wouldn’t have achieved so much.
　　没有你的帮助，我们不可能取得这么大的成绩。
　7. But for your help,I would not have succeeded in the experiment.
如果没有你的帮助，我的实验就不会成功。

【典型例题】
1）He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal. (2001年上海春季卷)
　　A. had scored B. scored
　　C. would score D. would have scored
2） But for their help, we _______ the program in time. (2009年安徽卷)
　　A. can not finish B. will not finish
　　C. had not finished D. could not have finished
3）But for the help of my English teacher, I ______ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. (2009年福建卷)
　　A. would not win B. would not have won
　　C. would win D. would have won
4） _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
5）___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for
6） ____hard, he would have passed the exam
A. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work
7） ____today, he would get there by Friday
A Were he to leaveB. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left
8） Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
9） Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult today
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
10） But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earth
A. is B. would C. were D. wouldn’t be

Ⅲ

1：necessary; strange; important; insist; suggest; order; natural
2:一条建议：insist
两道命令：order command
三条建议：suggest advise propose
四点要求：demand require desire ask .
3.insistence suggestion order proposal demand

例句：
1. He insists he is a student.
他坚持说他是个学生
2. His face suggests that he looks worried .
　他的表情暗含着他很担心。
3. It is strange that such a person should be our friend.
奇怪的是这样一个人会成为我们的朋友。
4. We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.
他建议我们到北京旅游观光,我们都同意了。
5. My advice is that he (should) exercise first.
我的建议是他应该先做练习。
6. It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in English.
你应该花更多的时间学习英语。
7. She examined the door again for fear that a thief (should) come in.
　她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。
8. He started out earlier lest he (should) be late.
他早早的就出发了以防迟到
【典型例题】
1）Jane's pale face suggested that she ______ ill, and her parents suggested that she ______ a medical examination. (1994年上海卷)
　　A. be; should have B. was; have
　　C. should be; had D. was; has
2）Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention __ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss) (2010年湖北卷)
　　【解析】 动词insist引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,从句结构是(should) +动词原形,主语problem是“被讨论”,故使用被动形式,故答案为(should) be discussed。
3） I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him
A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is
4） I suggested the person _____ to be put into prison
A. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer

5） Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____home
A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay
6） She insisted that a doctor _____ immediately
A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent
7） The chairman insisted that we ____the question again
A. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed
8） He requested that the students ____them get in crops
A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping
9） The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _the rules
A. obeys B. Obey C. will obey D. would obey
10） It is strange that he ____back so early
A. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come
11） Mother suggested that I ___my homework first before watching TV
A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done
12） My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest Sunday
A. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put
13） The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven
A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished

Ⅳ

例句：
1. I wish I had your brains.
　我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你)
2. I wish I had known the truth of the matter.
我希望我那时就知道这件事情的真相。（事实：那时还不知道）
3. I wish I should have a chance again.
我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）
【典型例题】
1）　How I wish every family __b____ a large house with a beautiful garden! (2002年上海春季卷)
　　A. has B. had
　　C. will have D. had had
2）Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it __d____ yesterday. (2006年全国卷I)
　　A. was happening B. happens
　　C. has happened D. happened
3）Look at the trouble I am in! If only I c______ your advice. (2003年上海春季卷)
　　A. followed B. would follow
　　C. had followed D. should follow
4）If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
5） How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden.
A. has B. had C. will have D. had had
6）If only I ___my car
A. hadn’t lost B. wouldn’t lose C. didn’t lose D. haven’t lost
7）I wish I ____here then
A. was B. had been C. were D. would be
8）How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worse
A. had tried B. hadn’t tried C. have tried D. didn’t try

Ⅴ

例句：
1）I'd rather you had seen the film yesterday.
　　我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。
2）I'd rather you were here now.
　　我倒想你现在在这儿。
3）We'd rather you went here tomorrow.
我们倒想你明天去那儿
4）I would rather you went next Sunday.
我情愿你下周日走。
5）I would rather you hadn't done that.
我真希望你没做那件事。
【典型例题】
1）George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he ______ more on its culture. (2010年江苏卷)
　　A. focus B. focused
　　C. would focus D. had focused
2）---Your aunt invites you to the movies today
---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than today
A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told
3）---Did you scold him for his carelessness
----Yes, but ____it
A. I’d rather not do B. I’d rather not have done C. I should’t do D. I’d better not do
4）I would rather you ____anything about it for the time being
A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t
5）I would rather you ____at once
A. leave B. will leave C. left D. should leave

Ⅵ

It's high time that he went / should go to bed. 到了他该上床睡觉的时候了。
【典型例题】
1）It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss this problem
A. hold B. held C. have held D. had held
2）It is high time you ____ to school
A. will go B. would go C. went D. had gone

练习题

1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden.
A. has B. had C. will have D. had had
3. You did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tired
A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got
4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prison
A. refers B referring C. referred D. refer
6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
7. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him
A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be
C. he go; was D. he should to; is
8. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today
---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than today
A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told
名题精练
9. ---Would you have called her up had it been possible
---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homework
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
10. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meet
A. would have taken part in B. took part in
C. had taken part in D. would take part in
11. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A Had it not been for B. If it were not
C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for
12. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday, he ____ me from going
A. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would prevent
C. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented
13. ____hard, he would have passed the exam
A. If he were to work B. Had he worked
C. Should he work D. Were he to work
14. ____today, he would get there by Friday
A. Were he to leave B. If he had left
C. Did he to leave D. Had he left
15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother
A. has come B. did come C. come D. had come
17. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment.
A. was, had helped B was, would have helped
C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped
18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterday
A. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climb
C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn’t been, could climb
19. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult today
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
20. ---I am going to tell her the news
---I would as soon you _____her about it
A. didn’t tell B. don’t tell
C. hadn’t tell D. won’t tell
21. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ___home
A. stayed B. could stay
C. has stayed D. stay
22. It was requested that the play ____again
A. should put on B. would put on
C. be put on D. put on
23. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediately
A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent
24. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness
----Yes, but ____it
A. I’d rather not do B. I’d rather not have done
C. I should’ t do D. I’d better not do
25. If only I ___my car
A. hadn’t lost B. wouldn’t lose
C. didn’t lose D. haven’t lost
26. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earth
A. is B. would C. were D. wouldn’t be
27. I would rather you ____anything about it for the time being
A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t
28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ____ their own son
A. is B. were C. had been D. should be
29. How the old people wish that they ____young once more
A. were B. could become C. had been D. should be
30. It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss this problem
A. hold B. held C. have held D. had held
31. The thief closed his eyes ____ he ____dying
A. even if , was B. though, would be
C. even, had been D. as if, were
32. I wish that you ____ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert
A. had not B. did not have had C. hadn’t had D. hadn’t have
33. The chairman insisted that we ____the question again
A. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed
34. He requested that the students ____them get in crops
A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping
35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____the rules
A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey
36 I wish I ____here then
A. was B. had been C. were D. would be
37. It is strange that he ____back so early
A. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come
38. Mother suggested that I ___my homework first before watching TV
A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done
39. My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest Sunday
A. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put
40. He is talking so much about America as if he ____ there
A. had been B. has been C. was D. been
41. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven
A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished
42. ---Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to……
----Don’t call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!
A. do B. didn’t C. did D. don’t
43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I ____ but I ____ all this morning
A. would, have washed B. could, have been washing
C. would have, have been washing D. could have, had washing
44. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worse
A. had tried B. hadn’t tried C. have tried D. didn’t try
45. ----How could I thank you enough?
----Don’t mention it. Any other man ___