全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld知识汇总大全.pdf

(每日一练每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一全国通用版高中英语必修一 Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldUnit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld 知知识汇总大全识汇总大全 单选题 1、More and more people are learning English,_ has drawn much attention of the public.Athe importanceBthe important Cthe importance of whichDthe importance of it 答案：C 考查定语从句关系词。句意：越来越多的人学英语，学习英语的重要性已经引起大众的注意。分析句子可知是定语从句，先行词为前面的先行词，作 of 的宾语，关系代词为 which。故选 C 项。2、Because of COVD-19,days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night.AifBwhenCwhichDsince 答案：B 考查连词。句意：受新冠肺炎疫情影响，当地 5 星级酒店一晚 5000 元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知，此处引导分割式限制性定语从句，先行词为 days，关系副词 when 引导从句，在从句中作时间状语，相当于 during which，意为“在那时”。故选 B 项。3、There is a world of _ between liking someone and loving them.AdifferenceBamusementCexpressionDdescription 答案：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A.difference 不同；B.amusement 高兴；C.expression 表达；D.description 描写。根据句子意思可知，“like”和“love”是近义词，但是程度不一样，所以体现出它们的不同。故选 A 项。4、Liberty,equality,and fraternity are the ideals _ human beings have been fighting.Ato whichBagainst whichCwith whichDfor which 答案：D 考查定语从句。句意：自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子，此处考查介词加关系代词时，介词的选择。从句 fight 译为“奋斗”，根据句意译为“为.奋斗”为 fight for，是固定搭配。for 可提至关系代词 which 前。故选 D 项。5、On her birthday,she received a nice present from her parents _ a note was attached,saying“We love you so much.”Afrom whichBto whichCin whichDby which 答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：在她生日那天，她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物，上面有一张纸条，写着“我们非常爱你。”句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为 present（礼物），根据从句中的 was attached 可知，先行词作be attached to 的宾语，将 to 提到从句句首，其后用关系代词 which 指代先行词。故选 B 项。6、Would you mind if I _you a personal question?AaskBaskingCwill askedDasked 答案：D 考查虚拟语气。句意：你介意我问你一个私人问题吗？在“Would you mind if 从句”句型中，从句谓语常用一般过去时进行虚拟，故选 D。7、He is an expert on rice planting _ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.Aby whichBfrom whomCby whomDfrom which 答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：他是一个水稻种植专家，当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词 expert，意为“专家”；又根据固定搭配 learn sth.from sb.意为“从某人那儿学到”，所以应该用介词 from；因此本句中，先行词为 expert，指人，关系代词放在介词之后只能用 whom，做定语从句的介词宾语。故选 B 项。8、That flood has been _ several times to prove that its important to take preventive_.Areferred to,actionsBreferred,measure Creferred,actionDreferred to,measures 答案：D 考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意：人们多次提到那次洪水，以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表示“提到，提及”应用短语 refer to；结合上文“its important to take preventive”指采取预防措施，应用take measures,也可以说成 take action。故选 D。9、We came to a place _ they had never paid a visit before.Ain whichBto whichCwhatDwhich 答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：我们来到了他们之前从没有参观过的地方。分析句子可知，paid a visit to为固定短语，意为“参观某地”，句中先行词为 place，在从句中作 paid a visit to 的宾语，故用 which，to which 在句中作状语引导定语从句。故选 B 项。10、She always considers her best friend as someone_ she can share everything.Aabout whomBwith whomCwith whichDabout which 答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：她总是认为她最好的朋友是一个可以分享一切的人。share sth.with sb.和某人分享某物。句中先行词为 someone，在定语从句中作介词 with 的宾语，所以用关系代词 whom 引导。故选 B。11、The White Horse Temple,_ back to the Eastern Han Dynasty,has a history of more than 1,900 years.AdatesBdatedCdatingDto date 答案：C 考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：白马寺始建于东汉，距今已有 1900 多年的历史。分析句子可知，date 在句子中不作谓语，且与其逻辑主语 The White Horse Temple 是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作状语。故选 C 项。12、We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.AwhichBwhatCwhenDthat 答案：C 考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为 an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用 when。故选 C。13、To be honest,I dont want to get a job _ Im chained to a desk all day.It will bore me to death.AthatBwhatCwhereDwhich 答案：C 考查定语从句。句意：老实说，我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。它会把我烦死的。分析句子可知，“Im chained to a desk all day”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 job，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这份工作中”，应使用关系副词 where 引导该从句。故选 C 项。14、Newcomers can visit the school website _ they can have a vivid description of the after-class activities.AwhereBwhichCthatDwhat 答案：A 考查定语从句。句意：新人可以访问学校的网站，在那里他们可以对课外活动有一个生动的描述。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词等于关系词，修饰先行词 the school website，先行词从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 where，故选 A。15、One day,my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands _ we often risked going and got more fish than others AwhichBwhenCin whichDwhere 答案：D 考查定语从句。句意：一天，我和我的两个兄弟从我们经常冒险去的岛屿回来，我们得到了比别人更多的鱼。分析句子，定语从句部分缺状语，所以此处需用关系副词。此处的先行词为 islands 表示地点，所以应用where。C 项介词+关代可以相当于关系副词，但是此处的介词应改为 on。综合分析，故选 D 项。16、In the new TOFEL test,there are questions _ test takers _ read,listen and then speak into a microphone.Awhich mustBwhich need Cwhere must Dwhere need 答案：C 考查定语从句和情态动词。句意：在新的托福考试中，有一些问题，考生必须阅读、倾听，然后对着麦克风说话。根据句型分析可知，第一空考查定语从句，先行词为 questions，在从句中作状语，所以应选 where；第二空考查情态动词，need 作为情态动词一般只用于否定和疑问句中，肯定句中，need 为实义动词，所以第二空应选 must。故选 C 项。17、I reached into my wallet _ I dont usually have cash and pulled out all.AwhichBwhereCwhenDwho 答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：我把手伸进我通常没有现金的钱包里，把所有的钱都拿出来了。A.which 哪一个；B.where 哪里；C.when 什么时候；D.who 谁。分析句型可知，空格处应该填入一个词引导定语从句。从句中缺少状语，且先行词是 wallet（表示地点），where 最符合题意。故选 B 项。18、Pandas are _ to the mountains of central China and only about 1,000 remain in the wild.AnativeBsensitiveCrelatedDfamiliar 答案：A 考查形容词辨析。句意：大熊猫原产于中国中部山区，目前只有约 1000 只生活在野外。A.native 本地的；B.sensitive 敏感的；C.relate 有关系的；D.familiar 相似的。固定搭配 be native to，译为“原产于某地”。由句意可知，熊猫原产于山区。故选 A 项。19、He wrote a letter _he explained what had happened in the accident.AwhichBthatChowDwhere 答案：D 考查定语从句。句意：他写了一封信，在信里解释了事故中发生了什么。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“letter”，在从句中作地点状语，即“he explained what had happened in the accident in the letter”，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故选 D 项。20、Gillian Sandstorm,a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex,investigated the extent _people get happiness from weak-tie relationships.AwhichBwhatCto whichDin which 答案：C 考查定语从句。句意：埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师 Gillian Sandstorm 调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福的程度。名词 extent 通常和介词 to 搭配，to the extent“的程度，到的程度”；空处引导定语从句，先行词 extent在从句中作介词 to 的宾语，应用 which。故选 C。小提示：21、Mr.Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s,_ he gave it to his grandson.AwhichBwhenCthatDon which 答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画，直到 20 世纪 90 年代初，那时候他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句，先行词是 the early 1990s，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词 when 引导。故选 B。22、The program is 90 minutes of_ Indian folk dance,live music and storytelling.AdiplomaticBheroicCdynamicDspecific 答案：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该节目包括 90 分钟充满活力的印度民间舞蹈、现场音乐和讲故事。A.diplomatic 外交的；B.heroic 英雄的；C.dynamic 动态的，充满活力的；D.specific 具体的。由语意可知，此处是指充满活力的舞蹈、音乐和讲故事。故选 C。23、I think we ve fixed everything,and I dont _finding any more problems.AaccelerateBaccommodateCanticipateDappreciate 答案：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我们已经解决了所有事情，我预计不会再发现任何问题了。A.accelerate 加快；B.accommodate 容纳；C.anticipate 预料；D.appreciate 欣赏；感激。根据前半句“I think we ve fixed everything”可知，anticipate“预料”符合句意。故选 C。小提示：24、The reason _ he didnt come to school on time is _ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.AThat;becauseBthat;thatCwhy;becauseDwhy;that 答案：D 考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason 引导的定语从句，在定语从句中，句子缺少原因状语，所以用关系副词 why 进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在 is 后的表语从句，从句中成分完整不缺其他含义，这里只需要起引导作用，所以用 that。故此题选 D。25、He led us to the farm _ he spent his childhood.AwhichBwhereCwhenDhow 答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：他把我们带到他度过童年的农场。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“farm”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用副词“where”引导从句。故选 B 项。26、The doctor _my sister is talking has just come from England.Awith whomBwith whoCwith whichDthat 答案：A 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：和我姐姐谈话的那位医生刚从英国来。分析句子可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是 The doctor，指人，在从句中作 talk with 的宾语，with 可以提到关系代词的前面，即用“介词+关系代词”引导此定语从句，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，指人，只能用 whom，应用“with whom”引导此定语从句。故选 A 项。27、We are talking about the case _ he was accused _ theft.Athat;inBwhere,ofCwhich;toDwhat;on 答案：B 考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意：我们正在谈论他被指控偷窃的案件。先行词是 the case，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 where 引导限制性定语从句，固定搭配 be accused of(被指控)。故选 B 项。28、Perhaps what is significant is the way _ people have worked in harmony with nature to make terraces and grow rice.Aon whichBby whichCin whichDwith which 答案：C 考查定语从句。句意：也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处去建造这些梯田、种植水稻的方式。分析句子结合句意可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是 the way，意为“方式”，指事物，短语“in the way”表示“用方式”，所以此处应用介词 in+which 引导从句。故选 C。29、We will never forget the days _ I was taken good care of in that village.AthatBwhichCwhenDwhere 答案：C 考查定语从句。句意：我们将永远不会忘记我在那个村子里受到照顾的日子。A.that 那个，引导从句；B.which 哪个；C.when 在那时；D.where 在哪里。根据句子结构，此句是定语从句。先行词是 the days，缺少关系词，在从句中作时间状语，故用 when 引导。故选 C。30、The man _ you borrowed the camera has left for New York.AwhoBfrom whomCto whoDthat 答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：你向他借相机的那个人已经去纽约了。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“man”，句中涉及固定短语“borrow sth.from sb.”，意为“向某人借某物”，先行词“man”在从句中作“from”的宾语，指人，故应用“介词 from+关系代词 whom”引导从句，空格处应填“from whom”。故选 B 项。完成句子 31、这部电影以一个真实故事为基础，非常受欢迎。（一句多译）（1）The film _,and it is very popular.（2）_,the film is very popular.答案：is based on a true story Based on a true story 考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。（1）根据汉语提示可知，空处表示“以.为基础”用 be based on，为 and 并列分句的谓语动词，结合语境和下文 is 判断为一般现在时。（2）根据汉语提示可知，空处表示“以.为基础”，且句中存在 be 动词 is，因此空处使用非谓语动词形式，故省略 be 用过去分词作伴随状语，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填is based on a true story；Based on a true story。小提示：32、如果您能给我这个绝好的机会，我将不胜感激。Id _ it if you could offer me the golden opportunity.答案：appreciate 考查动词。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“感激”之意，appreciate 感激，动词，符合题意；情态动词would 后需接动词原形。故填 appreciate。33、众所周知,无论电脑如何普及,有些工作得由人工完成。这就是电脑不能完全取代人的原因。_,_ popular computers are,some work must be done by hand._ computers cant completely replace human beings.答案：As is known to all/As we(all)know/As everyone knows no matter how/however This is why/This is the reason why 考查定语从句，时态，状语从句和表语从句。根据中英文提示，空一缺少“众所周知”，分析句子可知，可以用 as 引导非限制性定语从句，根据句意，句子用一般现在时，as is known to all，as we(all)know，as everyone know 都可以用来表示“众所周知”，空二缺少“无论如何”引导让步状语从句，用 no matter how 或者 however，空三缺少“这就是的原因”，this“这”，指代前文的句子，is“是”，接 why“的原因”引导表语从句，或用 the reason“原因”作表语，用 why 引导定语从句。故填As is known to all/As we(all)know/As everyone knowsno matter how/howeverThis is why/This is the reason why.34、最后我们到达了不得不改变的地步。At last we reached a stage _ _ we had to change.答案：in which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构和句意可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词 stage 是抽象地点，空格是两个，因此空格处是 in which。故填 in，which。35、尽管他经历了起起伏伏，但是他从未放弃。Though he has gone through _,he never _.答案：ups and downs quits/gives up 考查固定搭配和时态。第一空名词短语 ups and downs(起起伏伏)作宾语，第二空 quit/give up(放弃)做谓语动词，讲述现在的一般情况，时态用一般现在时，主语 he 第三人称，谓语单数形式。故填ups and downs quits/gives up。36、导游带游客去参观鲁迅工作过的那个房间。The guide showed the tourists to the room_.答案：where/in which Lu Xun worked 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“The guide showed the tourists to the room”是主句，“鲁迅工作过的那个房间”可以写成定语从句，修饰先行词 room，“鲁迅工作过”表示过去发生的事，用一般过去时，翻译为Lu Xun worked，从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词 where 或“介词+关系代词”来引导，地点状语表示“在这个房间里”，应用 in the room，所以应用 in which 来引导，定语从句写成 where/in which Lu Xun worked，故填where/in which Lu Xun worked。37、如果我们采取积极的态度，幸福就可触手可及。(本题要求用上 adopt)Happiness will be within our reach,if we_ life.答案：adopt a positive attitude towards/to 考查固定短语。结合句意表示“采取积极的态度”可知短语为 adopt a positive attitude towards/to，从句遵循主将从现原则，主语为 we，谓语用原形。故填 adopt a positive attitude towards/to。38、尽管父母反对，她还是决意辞职去参加进修培训，她觉得这是值得的。_ _ _from her parents,she_ _ _to resign and receive further training courses,which she thought was_.答案：Despite the opposition was still determined worthwhile 考查介词、短语和形容词。介词 despite，表示“尽管”，后接名词作宾语。名词 opposition，表示“反对”，为不可数名词。be determined to 决心，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。形容词 worthwhile，表示“值得的”，在句中作表语。根据句意，故填 Despite；the；opposition；was；still；determined；worthwhile。39、Tu Youyou _ _ the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again after failure.屠呦呦失败后再次查阅了历代中医典籍。答案：referred to 考查短语。refer to 参考，查阅。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故填 referred to。40、我建议立即购买提到的那本字典。I recommend that the dictionary _ be bought at once.答案：referred to(should)考查非谓语和虚拟语气。根据语法规则 recommend 表示“建议”时，从句中的谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形表示虚拟语气，分析句子结构可知，“提到的”应作定语来修饰“the dictionary”，所以应用过去分词referred to 作后置定语，所以空格处应填 referred to(should)。故填 referred to(should)。语法填空 41、The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by_ we see the world around us.（用适当的词填空）答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：研究表明，我们成长的文化影响着我们观察周围世界的基本过程。we see the world around us 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the basic processes，关系代词 which 在从句中充当介词 by的宾语，故填 which。42、The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago.(用适当的词填空)答案：where 考查定语从句。句意：这个村庄发展了很多，我们两年前在那里学了农业。先行词为 village，在定语从句中作地点状语，故填 where。43、The tool_ _ he is working is called an engine.（用适当的词填空）答案：with which 考查定语从句。句意：他正在使用的工具叫做发动机。此处是定语从句，修饰名词 The tool；The tool 不是work 的对象，而是用来工作的工具，由“work with the tool”可知要在关系词前面加 with；关系词指物，直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用 which；故空处一填 with，空处二填 which。44、It was a time _ people werent so hung up about health.(用适当的词填空)答案：when 考查定语从句。句意：那是一个人们不太关心健康的时代。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词a time，关系词指代 time，从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 when，故填 when。45、Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激),_(demand)jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：demanding 考查形容词。句意：那些在退休前从事过精神刺激、要求高的工作的人往往在测试中表现最好。修饰名词jobs 应用形容词 demanding，作定语。故填 demanding。46、This is a file in _many natural disasters are recorded.（用适当的词填空）答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：这是一个记录了许多自然灾害的档案。in _ many natural disasters are recorded 是定语从句，修饰 a file。关系词在从句中作介词 in 的宾语，指物，应该用关系代词 which 引导该从句。故填which。47、The reason _ he was late was that something was s wrong with his bike on the way.(用适当的词填空)答案：why 考查定语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是他的自行车在路上出了毛病。“_he was late”是定语从句，修饰先行词 the reason，指原因，且定语从句中缺少原因状语，应用关系副词 why 来引导。故填 why。48、The book discusses the extent _which family life has changed over the past 50 years.（用适当的词填空）答案：to 考查定语从句。句意：这本书讨论了过去 50 年来家庭生活的变化程度。分析句子可知，该句是一个定语从句，先行词是 extent，从句中句子成分完整，且关系词中有 which，此处需用“介词+which”的结构；先行词 extent与介词 to 搭配，to.extent 意为“到程度”，which 其前需加介词 to。故填 to。49、The restaurant,_(base)on trust,is working all right.（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：based 考查非谓语动词。句意：这家基于信任开起来的餐厅运营得很好。本句谓语动词是 is，base 在句中是非谓语动词作定语。因 be based on 是固定短语，意为“以为基础”，做非谓语时应把 be 动词去掉。故填 based。50、They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes,breaking rules and playing jokes on others,_ whom I soon found myself.（用适当的词填空）答案：among 考查介词。句意：他们在(学生)地位中上升。方式不是通过待人友善而是通过吸烟、违反规则和嘲弄别人，不久我也成了其中的受害人。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，结合上文 others 可知，表示“在（三者或以上）之中”应用 among。故填 among。