被动语态讲解及练习.doc

初三英语语法之被动语态讲解及练习 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态，我们可以从以下方面进行小结：一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）结构：主语 + be + 过去分词时态：1. 一般现在时： am (is, are) done.2.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done3. 一般过去时： was (were) done * 4. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done * 5. 现在进行时： am (is, are) being done6. 现在完成时： have (has) been done 二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。1主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)此结构不可用被动语态。(正) The flowers smell sweet.(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.2主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V)此结构不可变被动语态。(正) An accident happened last night.(误) An accident was happened last night.3主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O)（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语Children often sing this song This song is often sung by children.（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。We should listen to the teachers carefully.The teachers should be listened to carefully.4主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO)（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。He showed us a picture .We were shown a picture.（2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等A picture was shown to us.A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.5 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C)如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。I saw him fall off the tree.He was seen to fall off the tree.6. be + 过去分词 并非都是被动语态，系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。 Im interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。*7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The womans clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells best.这本书很畅销. 被动语态专项练习一、选择题( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build( )2.An accident _ on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened( )3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow( )4.So far,the moon _ by man already.A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in th school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives( )6.How many trees _ this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now.A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done( )8.Neither of them _ in China.A.is made B.are made C.was made D.made( )9.Look! A nice picture _ for our teacher.A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws( )10.Your shoes _. You need a new pair.A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn( )11.The doctor _ for yet.A.isnt sent B.hasnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent( )12.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year.A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used( )13.The Great Wall _ all over the world.A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known( )14.I _ in summer.A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _ to the factory next week.A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent( )16.Who _ this book _?A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written( )17.Mary _ show me her new dictionary.A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to( )18.A story _ by Granny yesterday.A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us( )19.The monkey was seen _ off the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump( )20.The school bag _ behind the chair.A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put( )21.Older people _ well.A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after( )22.Our teacher _ carefully.A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened二、把下列句子改写成被动语态1.They make machines in that factory. _2.Every body likes this song. _3.He doesnt show the stamps to me. _4.People dont grow rice in the west of Japan._5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._6.Do the workers build many buildings? _7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? _8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? _9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?_10.How many desks do they buy every term?_11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week._12.Granny told us a story last night. _13.He didnt give the dictionary to me yesterday._14.He didnt buy anything there before he left._15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?_16.When did she cook supper yesterday? _17.Where did she make them? _18.Whose ruler did you borrow? _19.We must tie the young tree to the stick._20.They cant mend the bike in that shop._21.You should take good care of her baby._22.You may take it back home. _23.May I look after the baby at home? _24.Must we hand in our exercise-books now?_25.Can you mend this radio here? _被 动 语 态 练 习 2一、 将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _ _ _ in two days.2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou.3. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children. 4. You neednt do it now. It _ _ _ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week. A New Year Card _ _ _ her by me last week.6. Peole use metal for making machines. Metal _ _ for making machines.7. He made me do that for him. I _ _ _ that for him.8.I have given this book to the library. This book _ _ _ to the library.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago?10.Well put on an English play in our school.An English play _ _ _ on in our school.11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets. Colour TV sets _ _ _ more and more farmers.12.My brother often mends his watch. His watch _ _ _ by my brother.13.We must water the flowers every day. The flowers must _ _ (by us) every day.14.They use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things.15.He made the farmers work for a long time. The farmers _ _ _ _ for a long time.16.Did he break the window yesterday? _ the window _ _ _ yesterday?17.They have sold out the light green dresses. The light green dresses _ _ _ out.18.We clean the classroom every day. The classroom _ _ every day.19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth. Trees _ _ _ _ in very dry earth.20.You can dig a hole in the earth. A Hole _ _ _ in the earth.二、 用动词的正确语态填空。1. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.2. That play _(put) on again sometime next month.3. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.5. What _ a knife _ (make) of? It _(make) of metal and wood.6. A Piano concert _(give) here last Friday.7. _ the magazine _(can take) out of the library?8. The room _ (clean) by me every day.9. The stars _ (can see) in the daytime.10. Some flowers _(water) by Li Ming already.11. These kinds of machines _(make) in Japan.12. Apples _ _(grow) in this farm.13. Russian _ _ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.14. Planes,cars and trains _ _ (use) by business people for travelling.15. The cinema _ _ (bulid) in 1985.16. The bike _ _ _ _ (must not put) here.17. A beautiful horse _ _ _ (draw) by John next day.18. This kind of machine _ _(can made) by uncle Wang.19. Mr. Green _ _ (open) two new school.20. The PLA _ _ (found) on August 1st,1927.21. By the time he was ten, the boy _(learn)English and French.22. How long _ your uncle _(be) in the city?23. _ you _(see) the film yet?Yes, I _(see) it last week.24. Uncle Wang _(live) here since 198025. Listen! Someone _(sing).26. Tom _(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.A 4