1、一. 定义:副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。一般副词主要分为以下几种:.时间副词, 如: often, always, early, now.地点副词, 如: here, there, above, outside.方式副词, 如: hard, well, badly, fast, slowly.程度副词, 如: very, quite, much, still, almost2.疑问副词(放在特殊疑问句的句首), 如: how, when, where, why3.关系副词(放在定语从句句首), 如: when, where, why4.连接副词(放在名词从句句首), 如: h
2、ow, when, where, why, whether二. 副词的位置 :1) 在实义动词之前。2) 在be动词、助动词之后。3) 多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。注意:a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。例如:We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。b. 方式副词well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。例如:He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。三. 副词的排列顺序:1) 时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。2)
3、方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。例如:Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些,仔细一些3) 多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。改错:(错)I very like English.(对)I like English very much.注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如:I dont know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。There is enough food for everyone to e
4、at.有足够的食物供每个人吃。四. 兼有两种形式的副词1) close与closelyclose意思是近;closely 意思是仔细地。例如:He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。Watch him closely. 盯着他。2) late 与latelylate意思是晚;lately 意思是最近。例如:You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗?3) deep与deeply deep意思是深,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,深深地。例如:He pus
5、hed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。4) high与highlyhigh表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。例如:The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。5) wide与widelywide表示空间宽度;widely意思是广泛地,在许多地方。例如:He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的
6、。English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。6) free与freelyfree的意思是免费;freely 的意思是无限制地。例如:You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候,我这饭铺免费对你开放。五.各种类型副词的位置英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同,它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法:多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如:He runs slowly.他跑的很慢。时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如:T
7、hey went to the park yesterday morning.昨天上午他们去公园了。I heard him sing English songs over there.我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。注意:有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用。如:Yesterday I got up late.昨天我起床很晚。频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前 。如:He is seldom ill.他很少生病。You must always remember this.你一定要记住这一点。I often write to my parents.我经常写信给父母
8、。注意:有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首。如:Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.有时她乘公共汽车上学,有时骑自行车去。程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。如:I nearly missed the bus.我几乎错过了公交车。否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如:She seldom goes out at night.她晚上很少出门。I am never late for school.我上学从不迟到。疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如:When can you come?你什么时候来?还有what,how,why,how many等词同时存在时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。如:The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.明天会议将在教室里举行。注:有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如:late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time.Open your mouth wide.