现在完成时语法讲解(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,语法：现在完成时,1,1.,现在完成时的构成,2.,一般疑问句及否定句结构,3.,现在完成时的用法,4.,时间状语,2,1.,现在完成时的构成：,结构：主语,+have/has+,过去分词,助动词：,have/has,（已经,.,）,过去分词：,1.,规则动词：,过去分词和过去时一样,2.,不规则动词：,过去分词需要记忆,3,练习一：过去分词,talk improve,like brush,study pick,stop walk,climb listen,play visit,prepare dance,open turn,do get go leave,cut learn draw,buy think drive,find lose read,put make have,ride bring send,swim win hold,fly eat feel,4,2.,一般疑问句及否定句的变化：,结构：主语,+have/has+,过去分词,1),一般疑问句：,Have/Has +,主语,+,过去分词？,肯定回答：,Yes,主语,have/has.,否定回答：,No,主语,have/has not.,have not=havent has not=hasnt,2),否定句结构：,主语,+have/has not+,过去分词,5,练习二：变疑问,变否定,1.I have learned English for 3 years.,2.They have left.,3.Alice has finished doing her homework.,4.Tom and Jack have had dinner together.,5.Sam has won the basketball game.,6.My brother has seen the movie.,6,B.,表示从过去一直延续到现在,3.,现在完成时的用法：,past,present(now),A.,过去某一动作对现在的影响I have brushed my teeth.,I have not read the book.,I have lost my key.,Someone has broken the window.,I have played the guitar for 15 minutes.,She has run for 2 hours.,we have learned to write in English since 3 oclock.,Have you stay in Beijing since I met you?,7,4.,时间状语：,多用于句末：,since+,时间点 ：,since 3,：,00pm,since+,句子：,since you left /since she came,（,since+,过去时,),for+,时间段：,for 3 years,、,for 25 hours,before,以前,in the past 2 days in recent years,近几年,recently,最近,lately,最近,so far/by now,目前,once(,次数,),yet,还没（用于否定句疑问句）,-,多用于句中：,Already,已经（用于肯定句）,just,刚刚,ever,曾经,never,从不,8,练习三：,since for,填空,1.Jill has been in,America_ Monday.,2.Jill has been in America_three days.,3.My aunt has lived in Australia_ 15 days.,4.Margaret is in her office.,She has been there _ 7 oclock.,5.India has been an indendent country_ 1974.,since,for,for,since,since,9,练习三：,since for,填空,6.The bus is late.Weve waited_ 20 minutes.,7.Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty_ many yeasrs.,8.Mike has been ill_ a long time.,9.He has been in hospital_October.,for,for,for,since,10,练习四：造句练习,1.Alice,已经学习英语 长达三年了。,2.Tom,曾经在北京学习过。,3.,我还没有读过一本叫做老人与海的书,4.,从他离开上海时，他已经是老师了。,5.,我的姐姐之前从来没有拜访过上海。,Alice has learnt English for 3 years.,Tom has ever studied in Beijing.,I have not read a book called Old Man and the Sea yet.,He has been a teacher since he left Shanghai.,My sister has never visited Shanghai before.,11,一般过去时和现在完成时的差别,一般过去时强调的是过去的动作，动作已经结束，,和现在没有关系。,现在完成时强调的,是现在的状态，或过去的动作对现在的影响。,动作可能还未结束。,12,现在完成时中需注意的地方：,注意,1,：,句子中有明显的过去时间标志时，不能用现在完成时,错误：,she has read the book,last night,.,正确：,she read the book,last night,.,13,注意,2,：,非持续性动词的完成时的肯定式不能与时间段连用，若要用时间段状语，则应换成相应的持续性动词或状态动词。,例如：,He has left.,He has,been away,for an hour.,14,现在完成时中短暂动词和延续性动词的转化：,come/arrive/get/reach/move -be in/at,leave-be away borrow-keep/have,start/begin-be on join/take part in-be in,die-be dead fall asleep-be asleep close-be closed put on-wear,Open(v),-be,open(adj),become-be,15,have been to,与,have gone to,have been to,表示曾经去过某地，现在人已经回来。,Lily has been to Shanghai twice.(Lily,现在在家,),have gone to,表示去了某地，人还在某地没有回来。,Lily has gone to Shanghai.(Lily现在人在上海。,),16,一、单项选择。,1、Both his parents look sad.,Maybe they _what happened to him.,.knew .have known,.must know .will know,2、He has _ been to Shanghai,has he?,.already .never .ever .,S,till,3、Have you met Mr Li _？,.just.ago .before .a moment ago,17,4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years.,.is writing.was writing.wrote.has written,5、Our country _ a lot so far.,Yes.I hope it will be even _.,.has changed;well.changed;good,.has changed;better.changed;better,6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years.,.was;studying.will;study,.has;studied.are;studying,18,7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.,.know .had known,.have known .,K,new,8,、Harry Potter,is a very nice film.I_ it twice.,.will see.have seen.saw.see,9、These farmers have been to the United States.,Really?When _ there?,.will they go .did they go,.do they go .have they gone,19,10、_ you _ your homework yet?,YesI _ it a moment ago.,.Did;do;finished .Have;done;finished,.Have;done;have finished.will;do;finish,11、His father _ the,club,since 1978.,.joined .has joined,.was in .has been in,12、Do you know him well?,Sure.We _ friends since ten years ago.,.were .have been,.have become .have made,20,13、How long have you _ here?,About two months.,e.arrived,14、Hurry up!The play _ for ten minutes.,.has begun.had begun,.has been on.began,15、It _ ten years since he left the army.,.is.has.will.was,16、Miss Green isnt in the office.she_ to the library.,.has gone.went.will go.has been,It is 10 years since.,=it has been 10 years since.,从某事发生到现在已经有,.,久了。,21,1.,I_,_,_（look）for you since this morning.,Where _you_,(be),?,Where _you_,(go),?,2.,Where is John?,-He _(go)to the library.,have looked,have been,did go,has gone,22,