设计二语法教学.doc

设计二 语法教学
完成人陈洁 韩秦帅 适用年级 高一
课题 定语从句第一课时
一、设计
Teaching procedures:
(一)定语从句基础知识
Step 1. Revision and lead-in
1. 1) the basketball team 定语_______________ 置于名词之________
2) the green team 定语_______________ 置于名词之________
3) the team in green 定语_______________ 置于名词之________
4) the team who are wearing green 定语_______________ 置于名词之________
找出上述短语中的定语，并思考什么充当定语及定语的位置
充当定语的句子就被成为___________________________.

Step 2. 认识主句和从句
Mary is a student who is 21 years old.
_____句部分 ______句部分
He who laughs last laughs best.
_______句部分

step3. 几个关键词：
1．定语从句：复合句中，修饰或某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的的从句叫做定语从句。一般紧跟在它所修饰的词后面。
2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰、限定的词，称为先行词。
3. 关系词：先行词在定语从句中不重复出现，而使用关系词引导定语从句。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
填入：定语从句，先行词，关系词
Mary is a student (who is 21 years old.)
______ ______ (___________)
The school (where he studied) is in Shenzhen.
______ ______ (__________)

练一练：划出定语从句，指出先行词和关系词
1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) You must do everything that I do.
特别提示：
1.关系词有三个作用：1、引导定语从句;
2、代替先行词；
3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
（试着说一说上述两个句子中关系词的作用）

Step 4. 判断下列句子是否为定语从句，是的勾选出来。
1. I’m sure that the exchange students will enjoy their stay in China. ( )
2. The first book that I’d like to read during the holidays is Travel in China ( )
3. Michael Jordan is such a great player that millions of people love him. ( )
4. I know a shop which sells really good cookies. ( )
5. All my classmates enjoyed the cake I made. ( )
6. He is not the man that he once was. ( )
7. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. ( )
8. I was just wondering whose CD player it is. ( )
9. We are going to look after the little girl whose mother is very ill in hospital ( )
10. Do you know who the teacher is talking to? ( )

(二)关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. ( who 在句子中做______)
(2) The student (who) we met at the school is from America. ( who 在句子中做_____)

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(2) The man （who/whom） you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做______)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做_______)

4. that既指人又指物，在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
(1) The people that / come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做_______)
(2) The book that/________ I borrowed from the library is very interesting (在句子中做________)

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 ，解释为“…..的”
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替：
whose + n = the + n + of which
= of which + the + n
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom is broken will soon be repaired.
= The classroom is broken will soon be repaired.
(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
=Do you like the book is yellow?
=Do you like the book is yellow?

1) that, which
归纳：定语从句中，用that/ which都可指代_________,that还可指代_______
既可充当主语，又可充当宾语，在从句中作___________时可以省略。
2) who, whom
归纳：定语从句中，用who/whom指代_________。
在从句中充当主语时，用________。在从句中充当宾语时，用_______还可以省略。
3) whose
归纳：定语从句中，用whose指代_________，表示“某人的”、“某物的”，在从句中充当___________。

(三)拓展延伸：思考：在什么情况下只用关系代词that而不用which呢？
1． All that we have to do is to practice everyday.
2． I have read every book that you gave me.
3． This is the best novel that I have read.
4． They talked of the things and persons that they remembered.
5． This is the only book that we can find.
6． Which is the book that you want?
7． He is no longer the boy that he used to be.

（附上特殊情况使用表：
下列情况只用that而不用which （要求背诵）
（1）当先行词是all,anything, everything, nothing , none,much,little，(something除外)等不定代词时；
（2）当先行词被every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰；
（3）先行词是序数词或最高级时或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；
（4）行词中既有人又有物时；
（5）先行词被the only ,the very, the last 等修饰时;
（6）疑问词who, which开头的特殊疑问句中，为了避免重复只用that；
（7）定语从句中作表语时。）

当堂反馈：
1. Who is the woman _______ is sweeping the floor over there?
　A. who　　　　　B. / 　　　　C. that 　　　　　D. when
2. The doctor ________is leaving for Africa next month.
　A. the nurse is talking to him　　　　　　B. whom the nurse is talking
　C. the nurse is talking to　　　　　　　　D. who the nurse is talking
3. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers ______ they had seen.
　A. that 　　　 B. who 　　　 C. which 　　　 D. what
4. This is the only bus ______ goes to the village school.
　A. / 　　　 B. that 　　　 C. where 　　　 D. it
5. She was the only one of the girls in our class _______ accepted as candidate for the president of our Students’ Union.
　A. who was 　　　 B. who were 　　　 C. who has been 　　　D. who have been
6. She is no longer the sweet little girl ______ she used to be.
　A. what 　　　 B. who 　　　 C. when 　　　 D. that
7. This is the very knife ______ I used to cut apples yesterday.
　A. that 　　　 B. by which 　　　C. which 　　　 D. with which
8. What is the way Smith thought of ______ enough money to buy the new house?
　A. getting 　　 B. having got 　　　 C. being got 　　　 D. to get
9. Jack spent as much time as he could ______ over his lessons.
　A. going 　　　 B. went 　　　 C. go 　　　 D. to go
10. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute _____ he can spare.
　A. that 　　　 B. in which 　　　 C. in that 　　　 D. when

改错
1. Is this museum you visited a few days ago?
2. The girl which is standing next to our teacher is her daughter.
3. He rushed to help the man his car was trapped in the mud.
4. All which is need is supply of oil.
5. This is the best film which I have seen this year.
6. The cake you made it yesterday was very delicious.
7. Do you know the man wrote the letter?
8. Who is the great man who saved my boy?
9. Here are the patients you will look after them.
10. This is all the money that he can buy a Christmas present with it for his mother.
一、 设计意图（中文）
最先通过含有定语的短语，词组，让学生浅显，逐层地了解何为定语部分，在此基础上，再引入到定语从句这个新概念中来，从已知到新知，激发兴趣，诱导学生主动学习的目的。
再通过结构分析了解主从句、先行词和关系词的位置关系，掌握含有定语从句的句子句式结构特点，并通过朗读含有定语从句的句子，巩固这部分的学习。层层推进，由浅入深地来掌握知识，同时寓教于乐是保持英语学习新区的最佳手段。
再让学生以小组来观察句子，归纳关系代词的用法，锻炼学生的合作与探究，自主摸索的能力。
通过不同梯度、不同形式的练习巩固关系代词的正确使用，把握定语从句的结构特点和易错点，并加强提升whose的正确使用以及其他关系代词的综合运用能力。
最后，通过观察一些特殊的句子，让学生自己总结that的一些特殊用法，使学习得以延伸。
二、 点评（中文）