人教版高中必修一课时作业-15公开课教案课件课时作业课时训练.doc

课时作业 15

阅读理解
A
As I stuck in the mud (泥), with my bike on top of me, I wondered what had forced me to come here. Madagascar is not a good place for a cycling holiday: one of the world's poorest countries, only 11 percent of roadway is paved (铺). South of the town of Antalaha, where I started, the road was in worse condition.
I appeared from a week in the wilderness and reached the start of the Route National 5 at Maroantsetra, but my dream of a smooth road and speed was suddenly destroyed by mud. The “worst road in the country” changed my bicycle into a burden (负担) for days. Finally, I_was_claimed_by_the_road. Tired. Alone.
As I wiped (擦) the mud from my face and looked upwards, I was greeted by a Malagasy man. He helped me stand up and smiled playfully while he pointed to my bike, which sat next to his. I started again. But I fell again in the mud. Angrily, I told him to go on, but if he understood he showed no sign of it. His smile forced me back onto the bike. We continued like this for hours. But I fell less. Studying my quick guide, slowly I learned. As we passed through a village, a group of children saw me and shouted loudly. His only words were: “Their parents tell them while people steal and eat them. Funny, no？”
I tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a smile, he sped up and was away, leaving me breathless.

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在非洲马达加斯加骑行遇到困难的时候，一位当地人激励自己继续骑行的故事。
1．What was in the author's mind when he was in the mud?
A．He considered his experience a special pleasure.
B．He made up his mind to continue challenging himself.
C．He tried to think out a new road for cycling in Antalaha.
D．He regretted having the cycling holiday in Madagascar.
答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I wondered what had forced me to come here”及下文对马达加斯加当地路况的介绍可知，作者来到这里骑行发现路况很差，这让他后悔不已。
2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．The author chose another road.
B．The author decided to ask for help.
C．The author lay on the road for a rest.
D．The author had no confidence to ride on.
答案与解析：D　句意理解题。根据第二段中的“but my dream of a smooth road... for days”及Tired可知，泥泞的道路使作者疲惫不堪，让他失去了继续骑行的信心。
3．How did the Malagasy man help the author?
A．By showing him the right way.
B．By wiping the mud from his bike.
C．By riding in front of him all the way.
D．By teaching him how to ride in the mud.
答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Studying my quick guide”及第四段中的“I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up”可知，那个马达加斯加男人一直在作者前面骑行来鼓励他。
4．What's the best title for the text?
A．A lonely trip B．A bicycle race
C．A lesson in cycling D．A road in Madagascar
答案与解析：C　标题归纳题。根据文中作者在马达加斯加骑行遇到困难时受到一位当地人的帮助可知，作者从中受益匪浅。
B
Raccoons are smaller relatives of bears. They are native to North America, but they can also be found in Asia and Europe. Raccoons live in wooded areas close to water, but they can be often found near urban areas. There are about 7 different species of raccoons. Pygmy raccoon is the only endangered species.
Raccoons usually reach 40 to 70cm in length and weigh between 5­26kg. Raccoons that live in colder climates are larger and heavier. They have grayish fur, black masks around eyes and long tails covered with black and brown bands. Because of their tails, they are also called “ringtail”．
Raccoons_are_omnivores. They like to eat insects, eggs, small mammals, fruit, berries, garbage, and so on. Raccoon's hands look like human's. They each have five fingers and are used to collect food, open shells, door or trash cans. Raccoons often place food in water before they start to eat it. They have highly sensitive sense of touch and water increases their sensitivity even more. By touching the food, they get better insight about things they will eat.
They are easily adaptable (适应的) to various environments. They can live in hollow (中空的) trees equally happily like they can in useless cars. Raccoons live on their own and hunt at night. They don't hibernate (冬眠), but they spend the coldest days of winters in their holes.
Mating (交配) season takes place from January to mid March. Two months later, female will give birth to 3­4 babies. Their tails don't have bands, and the mask around eyes is still missing. Mother is very protective and she will teach them how to survive and what to eat as they become­ready to leave the hole. Raccoons usually can live only 1.8 to 3.1 years in the wild, but they can live up to 20 years at a zoo.
Raccoons can pass rabies, a kind of disease, to home­raised animals and people, which is very dangerous. What's more, their waste often has roundworms.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了与浣熊有关的一些知识。
5．What do we learn about raccoons?
A．They love living near water.
B．They are at risk of dying out.
C．They love getting close to humans.
D．They only live in areas far from urban areas.
答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Raccoons live in wooded areas close to water”以及第三段的“Raccoons often place food in water before they start to eat it.”可推断，浣熊喜欢住在水边。
6．What does the author most probably mean by saying “Raccoons are omnivores”？
A．They don't hibernate.
B．They are very large animals.
C．They are sensitive to foods' tastes.
D．They feed on many different types of food.
答案与解析：D　句意理解题。根据第三段的“They like to eat insects, eggs, small mammals, fruit, berries, garbage, and so on.”可推测，作者是指：浣熊是杂食动物。
7．What are raccoons good at?
A．Finding food in deep water.
B．Using their feet to open food.
C．Adapting to a new environment.
D．Telling differences among smells.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段的“They are easily adaptable to various environments.”可知，浣熊很擅长在新的环境里生活。
8．After reading the text, we can say that ________.
A．raccoons like attacking humans
B．people consider raccoons very lovely
C．raccoons and bears have a lot in common
D．it's better that humans keep away from raccoons
答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据末段的“Raccoons can pass rabies, a kind of disease, to home­raised animals and people, which is very dangerous. What's more, their waste often has roundworms.”可推测，人还是不要接触浣熊比较好。
C
Angus, Doris, Gabriel and Kamil are some of the 21 names that have been chosen to be given to storms in the UK in the 2016/17 season.
The Met Office, the UK's national weather service, decided to give storms boys' and girls' names in 2015 in the same way as they did in America.
The Met Office hopes that naming big storms will mean people are more aware (意识到) of them and how dangerous they can be. Derrick Ryall, from the Met Office, said, “We have seen how naming storms elsewhere in the world raises people's awareness of storms before they break.”
In the past, the same UK storm could be given different names by different organisations. “We noticed that many organisations during the last couple of winters, when we have had bad storms, started giving names to them. Think back to the St Jude's Day storm in 2013, and the so­called Hurricane Bawbag in Scotland in 2011. But it led to confusion (混乱)，” a Met Office spokeswoman said.
According to the Met Office, there is a name for each letter of the whole alphabet (字母表), except for Q，U，X，Y and Z. That is the same as the naming tradition used in America. And not all storms will be big enough to get names — only those expected to cause great damage.
If there are more than 21 storms in a year, the Met Office will start again with another name beginning with “A”. However, according to Met Office spokeswoman Lindsay Mears, “It's unlikely we would get through the whole alphabet in one season. We had 14 storms in the very bad winter of 2013/14, and if the naming system had been in operation then we wouldn't have used the whole alphabet.”
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了英国为暴风雨命名的情况。
9．Why are storms in the UK named?
A．To increase public awareness of them.
B．To remind people of their short stay.
C．To follow what other countries did.
D．To meet the needs of its people.
答案与解析：A　推理判断题。由第三段中的“naming big storms will mean people are more aware of them and how dangerous they can be”和“how naming storms elsewhere in the world raises people's awareness of storms before they break”可推断，英国为暴风雨命名是为了增强人们对暴风雨的了解和防范意识。
10．Examples are given in Paragraph 4 to show ________.
A．there're many storms to name in a year
B．organisations named storms differently
C．some storms' names are similar to others'
D．some storms' names are hard to understand
答案与解析：B　推理判断题。本段的主题句是“In the past, the same UK storm could be given different names by different organisations，”下文通过举例说明该主题。
11．What do we know about the names given to storms?
A．Storms will be given names whatever their sizes.
B．Serious storms will be given boy's names.
C．21 letters will be used to begin the names.
D．21 names will be given at most in a year.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“there is a name for each letter of the whole alphabet, except for Q, U, X, Y and Z”和最后一段中的“If there are more than 21 storms in a year”可知，在为暴风雨命名的时候，会以21个字母(字母表一共26个字母，除了Q，U，X，Y，Z之外还有21个)开头。
12．What can be learned from Lindsay Mears?
A．There are not too many big storms yearly.
B．Action will be taken to prevent storms.
C．There are usually 14 storms in a year.
D．The naming system will not change.
答案与解析：A　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Lindsay Mears”所说的“It's unlikely we would get through the whole alphabet in one season. We had 14 storms in the very bad winter of 2013/14... we wouldn't have used the whole alphabet”可推断，她认为英国每年不会发生那么多暴风雨，因此不会使用完21个字母作为名字的开头来命名暴风雨。

以下资料为班级建设资料，有需要可以用：《滴水精神》主题班会
活动目的：教育学生懂得“水”这一宝贵资源对于我们来说是极为珍贵的，每个人都要保护它，做到节约每一滴水，造福子孙万代。
活动过程：
  1.主持人上场，神秘地说：“我让大家猜个谜语，你们愿意吗？”大家回答：“愿意！”
主持人口述谜语：
  “双手抓不起，一刀劈不开，
  煮饭和洗衣，都要请它来。”
  主持人问：“谁知道这是什么？”生答：“水！”
  一生戴上水的头饰上场说：“我就是同学们猜到的水。听大家说，我的用处可大了，是真的吗？”
  主持人：我宣布：“水”是万物之源主题班会现在开始。
  水说：“同学们，你们知道我有多重要吗？”齐答：“知道。”
  甲：如果没有水，我们人类就无法生存。
  小熊说：我们动物可喜欢你了，没有水我们会死掉的。
  花说：我们花草树木更喜欢和你做朋友，没有水，我们早就枯死了就不能为美化环境做贡献了。
  主持人：下面请听快板《水的用处真叫大》
  竹板一敲来说话，水的用处真叫大；
  洗衣服，洗碗筷，洗脸洗手又洗脚，
  煮饭洗菜又沏茶，生活处处离不开它。
  栽小树，种庄稼，农民伯伯把它夸；
  鱼儿河马大对虾，日日夜夜不离它；
  采煤发电要靠它，京城美化更要它。
  主持人：同学们，听完了这个快板，你们说水的用处大不大？
  甲说：看了他们的快板表演，我知道日常生活种离不了水。
  乙说：看了表演后，我知道水对庄稼、植物是非常重要的。
  丙说：我还知道水对美化城市起很大作用。
  2.主持人：水有这么多用处，你们该怎样做呢？
  （1）（生）：我要节约用水，保护水源。
  （2）（生）：我以前把水壶剩的水随便就到掉很不对，以后我一定把喝剩下的水倒在盆里洗手用。
  （3）（生）：前几天，我看到了学校电视里转播的“水日谈水”的节目，很受教育，同学们看得可认真了，知道了我们北京是个缺水城市，我们再不能浪费水了。
  （4）（生）：我要用洗脚水冲厕所。
  3.主持人：大家谈得都很好，下面谁想出题考考大家，答对了请给点掌声。
  （1）（生）：小明让爸爸刷车时把水龙头开小点，请回答对不对。
  （2）（生）：小兰告诉奶奶把洗菜水别到掉，留冲厕所用。
  （3）一生跑上说：主持人请把手机借我用用好吗？我想现在就给姥姥打个电话，告诉她做饭时别把淘米水到掉了，用它冲厕所或浇花用。（电话内容略写）
  （4）一生说：主持人我们想给大家表演一个小品行吗？
  主持人：可以，大家欢迎！请看小品《这又不是我家的》
  大概意思是：学校男厕所便池堵了，水龙头又大开，水流满地。学生甲乙丙三人分别上厕所，看见后又皱眉又骂，但都没有关水管，嘴里还念念有词，又说：“反正不是我家的。”
  旁白：“那又是谁家的呢？”
  主持人：看完这个小品，你们有什么想法吗？谁愿意给大家说说？
  甲：刚才三个同学太自私了，公家的水也是大家的，流掉了多可惜，应该把水龙头关上。
  乙：上次我去厕所看见水龙头没关就主动关上了。
  主持人：我们给他鼓鼓掌，今后你们发现水龙头没关会怎样做呢？
  齐：主动关好。
  小记者：同学们，你们好！我想打扰一下，听说你们正在开班会，我想采访一下，行吗？
  主持人：可以。
  小记者：这位同学，你好！通过参加今天的班会你有什么想法，请谈谈好吗？
  答：我要做节水的主人，不浪费一滴水。
  小记者：请这位同学谈谈好吗？
  答：今天参加班会我知道了节约每一滴水要从我们每个人做起。我想把每个厕所都贴上“节约用水”的字条，这样就可以提醒同学们节约用水了。
  小记者：你们谈得很好，我的收获也很大。我还有新任务先走了，同学们再见！
  水跑上来说：同学们，今天我很高兴，我“水伯伯”今天很开心，你们知道了有了我就有了生命的源泉，请你们今后一定节约用水呀！让人类和动物、植物共存，迎接美好的明天！
  主持人：你们还有发言的吗？
  答：有。
  生：我代表人们谢谢你，水伯伯，节约用水就等于保护我们人类自己。
  动物：小熊上场说：我代表动物家族谢谢你了，我们也会保护你的！
  花草树木跑上场说：我们也不会忘记你的贡献！
  水伯伯：（手舞足蹈地跳起了舞蹈）……同学们的笑声不断。
  主持人：水伯伯，您这是干什么呢？
  水伯伯：因为我太高兴了，今后还请你们多关照我呀！
  主持人：水伯伯，请放心，今后我们一定会做得更好！再见！
  4.主持人：大家欢迎老师讲话！
  同学们，今天我们召开的班会非常生动，非常有意义。水是生命之源，无比珍贵，愿同学们能加倍珍惜它，做到节约一滴水，造福子孙后代。
  5.主持人宣布：“水”是万物之源主题班会到此结束。
  6.活动效果：
  此次活动使学生明白了节约用水的道理，浪费水的现象减少了，宣传节约用水的人增多了，人人争做节水小标兵

活动目的：教育学生懂得“水”这一宝贵资源对于我们来说是极为珍贵的，每个人都要保护它，做到节约每一滴水，造福子孙万代。
活动过程：
  1.主持人上场，神秘地说：“我让大家猜个谜语，你们愿意吗？”大家回答：“愿意！”
主持人口述谜语：
  “双手抓不起，一刀劈不开，
  煮饭和洗衣，都要请它来。”
  主持人问：“谁知道这是什么？”生答：“水！”
  一生戴上水的头饰上场说：“我就是同学们猜到的水。听大家说，我的用处可大了，是真的吗？”
  主持人：我宣布：“水”是万物之源主题班会现在开始。
  水说：“同学们，你们知道我有多重要吗？”齐答：“知道。”
  甲：如果没有水，我们人类就无法生存。
  小熊说：我们动物可喜欢你了，没有水我们会死掉的。
  花说：我们花草树木更喜欢和你做朋友，没有水，我们早就枯死了，就不能为美化环境做贡献了。
  主持人：下面请听快板《水的用处真叫大》
  竹板一敲来说话水的用处真叫大；
  洗衣服，洗碗筷，洗脸洗手又洗脚，
  煮饭洗菜又沏茶，生活处处离不开它。
  栽小树，种庄稼，农民伯伯把它夸；
  鱼儿河马大对虾，日日夜夜不离它；
  采煤发电要靠它，京城美化更要它。
  主持人：同学们，听完了这个快板，你们说水的用处大不大？
  甲说：看了他们的快板表演，我知道日常生活种离不了水。
  乙说：看了表演后，我知道水对庄稼、植物是非常重要的。
  丙说：我还知道水对美化城市起很大作用。
  2.主持人：水有这么多用处，你们该怎样做呢？
  （1）（生）：我要节约用水，保护水源。
  （2）（生）：我以前把水壶剩的水随便就到掉很不对，以后我一定把喝剩下的水倒在盆里洗手用。
  （3）（生）：前几天，我看到了学校电视里转播的“水日谈水”的节目，很受教育，同学们看得可认真了，知道了我们北京是个缺水城市，我们再不能浪费水了。
  （4）（生）：我要用洗脚水冲厕所。
  3.主持人：大家谈得都很好，下面谁想出题考考大家，答对了请给点掌声。
  （1）（生）：小明让爸爸刷车时把水龙头开小点，请回答对不对。
  （2）（生）：小兰告诉奶奶把洗菜水别到掉，留冲厕所用。
  （3）一生跑上说：主持人请把手机借我用用好吗？我想现在就给姥姥打个电话，告诉她做饭时别把淘米水到掉了，用它冲厕所或浇花用。（电话内容略写）
  （4一生说：主持人我们想给大家表演一个小品行吗？
  主持人：可以，大家欢迎！请看小品《这又不是我家的》
  大概意思是：学校男厕所便池堵了，水龙头又大开，水流满地。学生甲乙丙三人分别上厕所，看见后又皱眉又骂，但都没有关水管，嘴里还念念有词，又说：“反正不是我家的。”
  旁白：“那又是谁家的呢？”
  主持人：看完这个小品，你们有什么想法吗？谁愿意给大家说说？
  甲：刚才三个同学太自私了，公家的水也是大家的，流掉了多可惜，应该把水龙头关上。
  乙：上次我去厕所看见水龙头没关就主动关上了。
  主持人：我们给他鼓鼓掌，今后你们发现水龙头没关会怎样做呢？
  齐：主动关好。
  小记者：同学们，你们好！我想打扰一下，听说你们正在开班会，我想采访一下，行吗？
  主持人：可以。
  小记者：这位同学，你好！通过参加今天的班会你有什么想法，请谈谈好吗？
  答：我要做节水的主人，不浪费一滴水。
  小记者：请这位同学谈谈好吗？
  答：今天参加班会我知道了节约每一滴水要从我们每个人做起。我想把每个厕所都贴上“节约用水”的字条，这样就可以提醒同学们节约用水了。
  小记者：你们谈得很好，我的收获也很大。我还有新任务先走了，同学们再见！
  水跑上来说：同学们，今天我很高兴，我“水伯伯”今天很开心，你们知道了有了我就有了生命的源泉，请你们今后一定节约用水呀！让人类和动物、植物共存，迎接美好的明天！
  主持人：你们还有发言的吗？
  答：有。
  生：我代表人们谢谢你，水伯伯，节约用水就等于保护我们人类自己。
  动物：小熊上场说：我代表动物家族谢谢你了，我们也会保护你的！
  花草树木跑上场说：我们也不会忘记你的贡献！
  水伯伯：（手舞足蹈地跳起了舞蹈）……同学们的笑声不断。
  主持人：水伯伯，您这是干什么呢？
  水伯伯：因为我太高兴了，今后还请你们多关照我呀！
  主持人：水伯伯，请放心，今后我们一定会做得更好！再见！
  4.主持人：大家欢迎老师讲话！
  同学们，今天我们召开的班会非常生动，非常有意义。水是生命之源，无比珍贵，愿同学们能加倍珍惜它，做到节约一滴水，造福子孙后代。
  5.主持人宣布：“水”是万物之源主题班会到此结束。
  6.活动效果：
  此次活动使学生明白了节约用水的道理，浪费水的现象减少了，宣传节约用水的人增多了，人人争做节水小标兵

以下资料为班级建设资料，有需要可以用：《滴水精神》主题班会
活动目的：教育学生懂得“水”这一宝贵资源对于我们来说是极为珍贵的，每个人都要保护它，做到节约每一滴水，造福子孙万代。
活动过程：
  1.主持人上场，神秘地说：“我让大家猜个谜语，你们愿意吗？”大家回答：“愿意！”
主持人口述谜语：
  “双手抓不起，一刀劈不开，
  煮饭和洗衣，都要请它来。”
  主持人问：“谁知道这是什么？”生答：“水！”
  一生戴上水的头饰上场说：“我就是同学们猜到的水。听大家说，我的用处可大了，是真的吗？”
  主持人：我宣布：“水”是万物之源主题班会现在开始。
  水说：“同学们，你们知道我有多重要吗？”齐答：“知道。”
  甲：如果没有水，我们人类就无法生存。
  小熊说：我们动物可喜欢你了，没有水我们会死掉的。
  花说：我们花草树木更喜欢和你做朋友，没有水，我们早就枯死了，就不能为美化环境做贡献了。
  主持人：下面请听快板《水的用处真叫大》
  竹板一敲来说话，水的用处真叫大；
  洗衣服，洗碗筷，洗脸洗手又洗脚，
  煮饭洗菜又沏茶，生活处处离不开它。
  栽小树，种庄稼，农民伯伯把它夸；
  鱼儿河马大对虾，日日夜夜不离它；
  采煤发电要靠它，京城美化更要它。
  主持人：同学们，听完了这个快板，你们说水的用处大不大？
  甲说：看了他们的快板表演，我知道日常生活种离不了水。
  乙说：看了表演后，我知道水对庄稼、植物是非常重要的。
  丙说：我还知道水对美化城市起很大作用。
  2.主持人：水有这么多用处，你们该怎样做呢？
  （1）（生）：我要节约用水，保护水源。
  （2）（生）：我以前把水壶剩的水随便就到掉很不对，以后我一定把喝剩下的水倒在盆里洗手用。
  （3）（生）：前几天，我看到了学校电视里转播的“水日谈水”的节目，很受教育，同学们看得可认真了，知道了我们北京是个缺水城市，我们再不能浪费水了。
  （4）（生）：我要用洗脚水冲厕所。
  3.主持人：大家谈得都很好，下面谁想出题考考大家，答对了请给点掌声。
  （1）（生）：小明让爸爸刷车时把水龙头开小点，请回答对不对。
  （2）（生）：小兰告诉奶奶把洗菜水别到掉，留冲厕所用。
  （3）一生跑上说：主持人请把手机借我用用好吗？我想现在就给姥姥打个电话，告诉她做饭时别把淘米水到掉了，用它冲厕所或浇花用。（电话内容略写）
  （4）一生说：主持人我们想给大家表演一个小品行吗？
  主持人：可以，大家欢迎！请看小品《这又不是我家的》
  大概意思是：学校男厕所便池堵了，水龙头又大开，水流满地。学生甲乙丙三人分别上厕所，看见后又皱眉又骂，但都没有关水管，嘴里还念念有词，又说：“反正不是我家的。”
  旁白：“那又是谁家的呢？”
  主持人：看完这个小品，你们有什么想法吗？谁愿意给大家说说？
  甲：刚才三个同学太自私了，公家的水也是大家的，流掉了多可惜，应该把水龙头关上。
  乙：上次我去厕所看见水龙头没关就主动关上了。
  主持人：我们给他鼓鼓掌，今后你们发现水龙头没关会怎样做呢？
  齐：主动关好。
  小记者：同学们，你