初中近义词辨析.doc

So do I so I do so can I so did I so(neither) shall I so was I
1. I like fish._________.
2. You like fish. _________.
3. If you go there tomorrow, __________
4. If you don’t go there tomorrow, ____________
5. You watched TV last night, ___________
6. He can work out this math problem, _____________
7. You was late for class,___________
答案：1.so do I; 2.so I do; 3.so shall I; 4.neither shall I; 5.so did I; 6.so can I; 7.so was I
解析：so + 情态动词/ be动词/ 助动词（do/ does/ did） + 人称代词，表示“某人也是（这样），这是倒装句，具体用法——前面句子中的动词为行为动词，后面倒装句要用助动词来代替前面的动词，要注意助动词跟前面的行为动词时态要一致，例如句1和句5；如果前面句子中的动词是情态动词或be动词，后面倒装句也要用同样的情态动词或be动词，例如句6和句7；如果倒装句要表示“某人也不（这样）”，即否定的含义，只要把so改成neither即可；so + 人称代词 + 情态动词/ be动词/ 助动词, 该句型为强调句，表示“某人确实如此”；句3和句4因为是条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，shall“将会（要）”用于第一人称。
Sleep asleep sleeping bed sleepy
1. The ______ baby is about ten months old.
2. it’s time for _______ = it’s time to go to bed.
3. Last night I went to ______ at 11:30 and went to _____ very soon.
4. When he came to see me, I was ______ in bed.
5. He was very tired and needed some ______
6. As soon as fall ______, I always dreams that I do my homework.
7. I feel _____ now because I went to bed after midnight.
8. You look ______. What were you doing last night?
答案：1.sleeping; 2.sleep/ bed; 3.bed/ sleep; 4.sleeping; 5.sleep; 6.asleep; 7.sleepy; 8.sleepy
解析：sleep“睡觉”，可作名词也可作动词，常见搭配——go to sleep“入睡，睡着（表示刚进入睡眠）；asleep“睡着的”，是形容词，但不能用在名词前，常见搭配——fall asleep“睡着”；sleeping“睡着的”，也是形容词，用于名词前修饰该名词或用在be动词后表状态，例如句1和句4；bed“床”，常和go组成固定搭配——go to bed“上床睡觉”，仅仅表示这个动作，睡没睡着不知道；sleepy“困倦的，昏昏欲睡的”，常用于feel，look等感官动词或be动词后。

Stop (doing) stop (to do)
1. After a long walk, he had to ____________________ a rest. 走了很长一段路，他不得不停下休息一会
2. He __________________ the stick, he fell behind. 他停下来去接棒，（结果）他被落在了后面
3. I turned on the radio and _________________________ it. 我打开收音机，停下来听
4. When the baby listened to the radio, she___________________. 当这个婴儿听收音机时，她停止了哭泣
5. There goes the bell. _______________ and keep quiet. 铃响了，停止说话，保持安静
答案：1.stop to have; 2.stopped to get; 3.stopped to listen to; 4.stoped crying; 5.stop talking
解析：stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth.“停下一件事去做另一件事”。

Remember (doing) remember (to do)
1. Please _________________ the door when you leave. 当你离开时，请记得把门关上
2. Do you ______ your _____ the money back to him? 你记得你已经把钱还给他了吗？
3. Have you returned the book to the library? - I ___ to the library. 你把书还给图书馆了吗？我记得我已经还了
4. Will you _________________ Jim to call me when he comes back? 当吉姆回来时，你记得叫他打电话给我吗？
5. I __________________the door when I left. Who has opened it again?我记得我离开时关了门，是谁又把它打开了？
答案：1.remember to close; 2.remember/ giving(returning); 3.remember returning; 4.remember to ask; 5.remember closing.
解析：remember doing sth.表示记得做过了某事；remember to do sth表示记得要去做某事。

Try (doing) try (to do)
1. __________ (get) up early, for we’re going to start our trip at six o’clock tomorrow.
2. If nobody hears you on the front door, ___________ (knock) at the back door.
3. Sometimes he ___________ (write) letters in English.
4. The dog ___________ (catch) the rabbit, but the rabbit ran into a hole quickly.
答案：1.try to get; 2.try knocking; 3.tries writing; 4.tried catching
解析：try to do sth. 尽量（力）去做某事；try doing sth. 尝试着去做某事

Forget (doing) forget (to do)
1. I will never forget _______ (meet) the famous pop star for the first time.
2. Don’t forget _______ (turn) off the light when you leave.
3. I forgot _________(post) the letter. It is still in my pocket.
答案：1.meeting; 2.to turn; 3.to post
解析：forget doing sth. 忘记做过了某事； forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事

Mean (doing) mean (to do)
1. I didn’t mean ________ with you.(argue)
2. Love means ______ (give)
3. I really mean _______ it. It is important for me.(do)
4. Being lazy means ______ behind others. (fall)
答案：1.to argue; 2.giving; 3.to do; 4.falling
解析：mean (doing) sth 意味着做）某事；mean to do sth. 打算去做某事

Take spend pay cost
1. It often ______ me a quarter of an hour to go to school by bike.
2. I often ______ a quarter of an hour going to school by bike.
3. It ______ them three hours to hike to the top of the mountains.
4. They ______ half a year in building the bridge last year.
5. I ______ 1000 dollars on this used car.
6. I ______ 1000 dollars for this used car.
7. This old car ______ me 1000 dollars.
8. How long does it ______ to get to the moon by spaceship?
9. How much did it ______ you?
10. This diamond necklace ______ 2000 Yuan.
11. He _ his holiday in his hometown.
12. It _____ us half an hour to clean the classroom yesterday. = We ______ half an hour to clean the classroom yesterday.
答案：1.takes; 2.spend; 3.takes; 4.spend; 5.spend; 6. pay; 7.cost; 8.take; 9.cost; 10.costs; 11.spends; 12.took/ spent
解析：take常用于句型——it takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 某人花多少时间做某事（it为形式主语）；spend常用于句型——sb spend + 时间/ 钱 + (in) doing sth.或sb. spend + 时间/ 钱 + on sth. “某人花多少时间（钱）做某事；pay通常用于句型sb. pay + money + for sth. “某人为某样东西付了多少钱”；cost常见句型——sth.cost sb. + money + to do sth. “某物花了某人多少钱”。
注意：take，pay，spend的主语只能是人，而cost的主语只能是物。

have been to have been (in) have gone to go went
1. I _______________ the Great Wall twice?
2. How long ______ you ______ America? I _________ there for two years.
3. He _____________ Beijing and is coming back next Sunday; “when did he _____ there?” “He ______ there the day before yesterday.”
4. How many times ______ you ________ Beijing? - Only once.
答案：1.have been to; 2.have/ been in; 3.has gone to/ go/ went; 4.have/ been to
解析：have been to + 地点，“去过某地（人已经回来）”；have been in + 地点，“一直呆在某地（强调状态的持续性）”；have gone to + 地点，“去了某地（人不在这里）”。

ill sick worse
1. She must look after her ______ mother.
2 I feel ______ when I smell the food. It smells terrible.
3. He was ______yesterday; the doctor says he is much ______ today.
4. I’m glad you don’t feel any______; I think you’ll be all right soon.
答案：1.sick; 2.sick; 3.ill/ worse; 4.sick
解析：ill“生病的”，形容词，常用在be动词后做表语（表示生病的状态），如果用在名词前表示“的-----”，如she is an ill woman 她是个坏女人，a sick people 一个病人；sick“生病的/ 恶心的”，可用在名词前，也可用在be动词和感官动词后，例如句1中sick mother生病的母亲，句2中feel sick感到恶心，句3中he was ill = he was sick；worse是ill和sick的比较级，最高级是worst。

How long how often how soon how far how many times
1. _________ did the film last?
2. _________ can you be ready? - In a few minutes.
3. _________ has the film lasted? – For about twenty minutes.
4. _________ do you go to the bookstore? – Three times a month.
5. _________ has the train run since it left the station? - About 50 kilometers.
6. ___________ a week do you go shopping? – Five
7. _________ do you go shopping? - Once a week.
8. _________ will he come back? - In five minutes.
9. _________ can you jump? - Four meters.
10. ___________ were you late for school last term? - Never/ sometimes.
答案：1.how long; 2.how soon; 3.how long; 4.how often; 5.how far; 6.how many times; 7.how often; 8.how soon; 9.how far; 10.how many times
解析：how long, how soon“多久”，都是问时间长短，区别在于回答“how long” 的提问，通常用“for + 一段时间”，表示时间持续了多久，回答“how soon”的提问，通常用“in + 一段时间”，表示多少时间以后；how often“多次”，问事情或动作发生的频率，回答通常为“once/ twice + 时间(两次以内)”，或“基数词(three/ four----)＋times + 时间（三次及以上）”，表示“多久几次”；how many times “多少次”，是对一段时间内动作或事情发生的具体次数提问，回答用“基数词+time(s)”，time可省略，如句6；how far“多远”，问距离。

Big large strong heavy great
1.大风 ______ wind; 2.大雨 ______ rain; 3.大雪 ______ snow. 4.数量多______ number; 5.人口多 ______ population; 6.面积大______ area; 7.大男孩______ boy; 8.大问题______ problem.
答案：1.strong; 2.heavy; 3.heavy; 4.large/ great 5.large; 6.large; 7.big; 8.big
解析：记住这些固定用法。

Different difference
1. She is always wearing a _____ hat every time I see her.
2. The two boys are ______ in their tastes.
3. This is ______ from that.
4. Can you tell me the ______ between American English and British English?
5. There is no ______ whether he will come or not.
答案：1.different; 2.different; 3.different; 4.difference; 5.difference
解析：different“不同的”，是形容词，常见搭配——be different from ---- “----与-----不同”；difference“不同”，是名词。

Others the others
1. I don’t like these. Please give me some _____;
2. Some like this, _____ like that.
3. There are five dictionaries on the desk. This one is better than _____
4. You mustn’t lend this book to_____.
5. Two of these pears are mine, ______ are yours.
答案：1.others; 2.others; 3.the others; 4.others; 5.the others
解析：others“其它的（别的）人或物”，是代词，泛指其他的人或物；the others也指代其他的人或物，但是特指在某个范围内的。例如句5，the others是特指在这些梨中，除去我的两个梨以外，剩下的其他的梨，是有范围限制的。
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Would like feel like be like look like
1. I feel terrible, and I don’t ____ _____ eating anything.
2. I _____ _____ to go to your party tomorrow, but I will be busy then.
3. Is your daughter lost? Tell me what she _____ _____
4. do you know what the weather will _____ _____ the day after tomorrow、
5. Do you _____ _____ taking a walk with me?
6. What _____ he_____? He is very kind.
7. What does he_____ _____? He is young, handsome and strong.
8. I _____ _____ you to come to my home for dinner this evening.
答案：1.feel like; 2.would like; 3.looks like; 4.be like; 5.feel like; 6.is/ like; 7.look like; 8.would like
解析：would like to do sth.“愿意去做某事”；feel like to do sth/ feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”；be like的用法记住两个句型——1.问天气what’s the weather like?; 2.问人的性格what’s sb like?；look like“看上去像----”，后接跟相貌或外观相关的形容词，如：beautiful, tall, big, small等，记住句7这个句型。

Too --- to enough to enough for
1. The ice on the river is _____ thin _____ skate on. = The ice on the river is thin _____ _____ skating on.
2. He is _____ tired _____ carry the big stone.
3. I don’t have _____ money _____ that car.
4. On the hillside there is _____ grass _____ cows and sheep.
5. The boy is _____ young _____ go to school.
6. This question is difficult _____ _____ me to answer. = this ques
7. He has taken some medicine and he feels well _____ _____ go to school.
答案：1.too --- to/ enough for; 2.too --- to; 3.enough for; 4.enough for; 5.too ---- to; 6.enough for/ too ---- to
1. enough to
解析：too + 形容词 + to do sth.“太-----而不能（做某事）”，如句1；形容词+enough to do sth.“足够----而能去做某事了”，如句5/ have/ has+enough+名词+to do sth.“有足够的----去做某事”；enough for+名词，其意思和用法可参照enough to 。