初中宾语从句讲解.doc

宾语从句讲解与练习一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导词的不同，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 if、whether 一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whetheror not 句式只用whether例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.I dont know _(是否) he will come to my party or not.Could you tell me whats the matter with you?变为陈述句语序：Is she a worker? Will they do it ?Can you answer this question? Whose pen is it ?Are there any pens on the desk? Do you speak English? Does he play football? How are you ?What are you doing ? Why are you so late ?Where did you live ? How old are you What does she like best? Whats wrong with Kate ?三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us what they bought in the mall yesterday.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.【中考范例】1 Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2009. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived2.Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game3.I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave4.-We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden.A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from1. I hear easy. Athat math isnt Bif math isnt Cwhat math is Dthat math2. She told me her teacher.A. Mr Green is B. that Mr Green is C. if Mr Green was D. Mr Green was3. Do you know to that post office? A. How much is it B. how far it is C. how far is it D. how long it is4.I dont know . A.whats his name Bwhat name is hisCwhat his name is Dwhat was his name5. Do you know so worried? A. why is your friend Bwhy was your friend Cwhy your friend is Dhow is your friend6. Do you know ? Awhose child he is Bwhose child is he Cwhose child is he Dwhos child he is7. He asked which picture .AIs Mikes BMikes was Cwas Mikes DMikes is8. I didnt know in the classroom. Ais she Bif she isCif was she Dif she was10、Do you know back soon? Awhen she will come Bif will she come Cif she will come Dif she comes11、I heard badly hurt. Athat his son is Bif his son is Cthat his son was Dif his son was12. Can you tell me how often to see his brother?Adoes he go Bhe goes Che go Dhe is13. The teacher didnt tell me to have a test next week.A. if we are going B. if we were going Cthat we are going D. we are going一、单项选择( )1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did( )2. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is( )3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which( )4. Jim doesnt understand _. A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping( )5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which( )6. Mr. King didnt know _ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home( )7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning? A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend( )8. -Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? -Usually it comes by 4: 00. A. how B. where C. when D. what( )9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital. A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office C. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office( )10. -Can I help you? -Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to get there? A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it( )11. He wanted to know _. A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start C. what hes going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held ( )12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden? -The day after tomorrow, I think. A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you visit D. when you would visit( )13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang? A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what( )14. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited( )15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where D. whether( )16. -Could you tell me _? -Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting. A. what does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meeting C. what he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting( )17. -Could you tell me _ last night? -Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing( )18. The teacher asked the students _. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted( )19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken. A. they had had B. have they had C. they have had D. had they had( )20. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that D. when合并下列句子（小测IV）1.I come from Nanhai . Lucy said .Lucy said ._3.Is it beautiful ? Could you tell me ?Could you tell me _4.Have you bought the book ? I didnt know .I didnt know_5.Why did you say that ? I want to know .I want to know _6. Where do you live ? Could you please tell us .Could you please tell us _合并下列句子（小测III）3. Is your father a farmer? He asked me .He asked me _-合并下列句子（小测V）1.The earth is round . The teacher said ._4. Are you tired or not ? I want to know .I want to know ._6. Whats wrong with your leg? He asked me .He asked me ._8. Did they move to Japan last year? Do you know_9. Does he do well in English ? I want to know_四、宾语从句变反意疑问句如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时，变反意疑问句时看从句。如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。 I think he is a good student ，isnt he?They want to know if he is a good student ， dont they ？26