名词性从句教案.doc

M3U1名词性从句导学案M3 Unit1 GRAMMAR 名词性从句一、 定义：名词性从句是由if, whether, that, what, how等疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功能同名词一样。二、类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句(请说出以下句子中的画线部分在句子中充当的成分)1. When well hold the sports meeting has not been decided yet. 作_ 语2. That he has won the first prize is true. 作_ 语3. He wonder if/whether he could use my bike. 作_ 语4. I am thinking about who will be given the job. 作_ 语5. My parents wish is that I can go to a key university. 作_ 语6. The problem is how I can get in touch with them. 作_ 语7. It is not clear whether she will attend his wedding.作_ 语8. The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity. 作_ 语三、用法1、主语从句：在复合句中做主句的主语。引导词有连词that (that 不可省),whether; 代词有who, what, which; 副词 when, where, how, why 等。如:A. That he is a famous singer is known to us. (=It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)B. When he will go to America is not yet fixed. (=It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)2.宾语从句：在复合句中做主句的宾语.引导词有连词that (that 常可省略),whether, if; 代词有who, whose, what ,which; 副词 when ,where, how, why 等。如:A. We believe (that) he is honest.B. I told him (that) I would come back soon.C. He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there.D. The conductor has made it clear that no buses will be running.3、表语从句：在复合句中做主句的表语. 表语从句放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的还有Thereason/truth isthat和Itisbecause等结构。例如：1)Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.2)Thisiswhywecantgetthesupportofthepeople.3)Butthefactremainsthatwearebehindtheotherclasses.4)Thereason whyheislateforschoolisthathemissedtheearlybus.(如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice, order等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略.)5) My suggestion yesterday was that a meeting (should) be held to discuss the matter.4、同位语从句：在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词 fact, news, idea, promise, thought, suggestion等抽象名词之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词。引导词有连接代词that；少数情况下也可用连接副词等。如：A. The thought that we might succeed excited us.B. The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.C. The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.(如果名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.)5.同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.四、使用名词性从句的注意点1、注意that 的用法that引导名词性从句时在从句中不做任何成分，也没有具体的意义。其他连接词在引导从句时都做相应的成分并有具体的意思。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中的that不能省略。如：A. ThattheyaregoodatEnglishisknowntousall.B. Theproblemisthatwedonthaveenoughmoney.C. SheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaoneday.当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；He judged that because he was a child, he did not understand what he had said.当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.介词后一般不用that引导的从句，除了介词but/except/in之后， 而且that不可省掉。Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.that从句做主语和宾语时，可以用it来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A) Itisclear/certain/likely/true/surprisingthat(B)Itisapity/shame/goodidea/nowonderthat. (C)Itissaid/reported/believed/known/thought/suggestedthat(D Itseems/happensthat如：IthappenedthatIwentoutlastnight.ItissaidthatChinawillwinintheWorldCup2. What与that的区别 在定语从句中用that, 不用what 在名词性从句中，What在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that则不然。例如：1)_yousaidyesterdayisright.2)_sheisstillaliveisaconsolation.3) Its a shame _ he has made such a mistake. 4) Do _ he says.5) He is no longer _ he used to be.6) He is no longer the boy _ he used to be.3. 注意同位语从句和定语从句的区别： (1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）2)ThenewsthatTomwillgoabroadissurprising.（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分） 辨析：1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. ( 从句)2. The news that you told us is really encouraging. ( 从句)3. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. 4. The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. ( 从句)5. Theyputforwardthequestionwheretheycouldgetthemoney.( 从句)6.Thisistheplacewheretheaccidenthappened.( 从句)4. whether和if的用法whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：Italldependsonwhethertheywillcomeback.后面直接跟ornot时用whether。如：IdidntknowwhetherornothehadarrivedinWuhan.主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句中只能用whether。如：Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.Thequestioniswhethertheyhavesomuchmoney.Weoughttodiscusscarefullythequestionwhetherwecandoitornot.whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：Thequestionofwhethertheyaremaleorfemaleisnotimportant.Ihavenotdecidedwhethertogoornot.whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。If表示“如果”时，不能用whether。如：Whetherhecomesornot,wewillbeginourpartyontime.If I have enough time, I will play football.5.疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别：疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句，在句中要充当一定的部分。如：Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished,Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.6. 名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致、主谓一致、语序。 宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：Hello, IdidntknowyouwereinLondon.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsataveryhighspeed. 主语从句做主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：Whenthemeetingwillbegin_notbeendecidedyet.Whentheywillstartandwheretheygo_notbeendecidedyet.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin_notbeendecided. 名词性从句在句中要用_句语序。如：Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.The problem is how Polly is going to find us in the crowd. Im interested in who that tall man is.7. 几个固定句式： 强调句It is/was +强调部分that.(如果强调部分是疑问词) eg. Who is it that spoke first? When was it that they came here? 关于doubt sb. doubt if/whether. sb. dont/doesnt doubt that . There is no doubt that . Eg. There is no doubt that he will win the game. 疑问词do you think+(用陈述句语序) eg. Who do you think we invited to give us the talk?名词性从句专题练习 班级 _ 姓名_ 1 _he does has nothing to do with me. A. whatever B. No matter what C. That D. If2. The manager came over and asked the customer how_ A. did the quarrel came about B .the quarrel had come about C. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come about3. Energy is _makes thing work. A. what B. something C. anything D. that4. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as5. This is _the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed. A. there B. in which C. where D. when6. They have no idea at all_. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patients fear _he would die of the disease. A. that B. which C. of which D. of that 8. The order came _the soldiers _the small village the next morning. A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave C. /; must leave D. when; should leave9. _is no possibility _Bob can win the first prize in the match. A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether10. The question came up at the meeting_ we had enough money for our research. A. that B. which C. whether D. if 11. Is _he said really true? A. that B. what C. why D. whether12._the meeting should last two days or three days doesnt matter. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where13. It worried her a bit _her hair was turning gray. A. while B. if C. that D. for 14. _more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen. A. Whether B. This C. who D. If 15._he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us. A. What B. That C. Whether D. If 16. _you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. That C. Who D. How17._all the inventions have in common is _they have succeeded.A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what 18. _appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much. A. What B. It C. All that D. That19. It is widely _that smoking can cause cancer. A. believed B. think C. say D. hoped 20. _caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where21. _he always serves the people very well is known. A. What B. That C. Which D. Who 22._has passed the test will get a prize . A. Whoever B. No mater who C. Whomever D. Who 23.Is_ true that the famous scientist will give us a lecture next week? A that B it C his D he24.It has not been decided _ they will leave for New York. A. when B why C that D what25. Obviously_ we do morning exercises every day _ us good. A. that do B. if; do C what; does D. that; dose26 It is said_ _ was all _ he said. A that; that; that B what; what; what C that; which; what D that; that; which27_ gets home first is to cook the supper. A. Who B Whom C. Those who D. Whoever28_ moved us most was_ he liked after the old man for more than twenty years. A. That; that B. What; that C What; what D. That; what29._ you did it is not known to all. A. Who B. What C. How D. Which30._ you do should be well done. A How B. That C. Whatever D Why31. The reason I plan to go is_ she will be disappointed if I dont. A. because B. that C. thanks to D. what32. What time do you think_? A. will Tom come back B. Tom will come back C. is Tom coming back D. can Tom get here33. The teacher said that light_ faster than sound.A Has traveled B. traveled C. had traveled D. travels34._ is still a question_ will win. A. It; that B. It; who C. That; who D. This; that35. If you know_ it was that write A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand. A. whom B. which C. who D. that36. In some countries,_ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state. A. that B. which C. as D. what37. Thinking_ you know_ in fact you dont is a terrible mistake. A. that; that B. what; what C. that; what D. what that38. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just_ worries the public. A. why B. which C. that D. what39. Why dont you bring_ to his attention that you are too busy to do it? A. that B. what C. that D. it40._ David says sounds right to Helen. Thats why she has made up her mind to leave with him_ happens.A. whatever; whatever B. No matter what; whatever C. No matter what; No matter what D. Whatever; however41. That is_ I was born and grew up. A. There B. in which C. where D. the place42._ she was invited to the ball made her very happy. A. What B. That C. When D. Because43._ we are doing has never been done before. A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether44.-Have you found your book yet? -No, Im not sure_ I could have left it. A. whether B. where C. when D. why45. The doctor couldnt answer the question_ the patient could survive that night. A. if B. that C. whether D. what 46. I firmly believe_ he said at the meeting was right. A. that B. which C. that what D. what that47.-What were you trying to prove to the police? -_ I was last night. A. That B. When C. Where D. What48. I think, though I could be mistaken, _ he liked me. A. who B. which C. that D. what49. At the meeting, we discussed_ we should employ more workers. A. if B. whether C. that D. /50. After_ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. A. which B. it C. what D. that51._ has a good education can apply for the job. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Whoever52._ is hard is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad. A. He B. It C. That D. What53._ worries me is_ were going to pay for all this.A It; that B. That; how C. What; how D. As; that54._ is said that paper was invented in China. A. As B. Which C. It D. That55. Many people thought little of me, but I did what_. A I thought I was right B I thought it was rightC I thought was right D. I was thought right56. The manager has decided to put_ he think is energetic, clever, and has good sense of duty in the position of the leadership of the company. A. those who B. anyone C. whomever D. whoever57. Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and_ more tan 10,000 years ago.A this is Alaska B Alaska is now Alaska C is now Alaska D what is now Alaska58. Please tell me_ you would like to have your coffee- black or white?A. what B. where C. which D. how59. My mother asked_ with me.A what was the wrong B what the matter wasC what matter was D what was the matter60. Some of the scientists held the point_ the book said was right.A. what what B. what what C. that that D. that what 15 ABABC 610 AABAC 1115 BBCAB 1620 BCBAA2125 BABAD 2630 ADBCC 3135 BBDBC 3640 DCDDA4145 CBBBC 4650 CCCBC 5155 BDCCC 5660 DDDDD名词性从句归纳一包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句二共同点：1.引导词:2.语序：练习（1-7题用适当的连词填空，-题注意语序）：1._he is ready to help others is well known.2. _team will win the match is almost clear now.3.That is _ I didnt attend the meeting.4._ Im