名词性从句教案.doc

M3U1名词性从句导学案

M3 Unit1 GRAMMAR
――名词性从句
一、 定义：
名词性从句是由if, whether, that, what, how等疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功能同名词一样。

二、类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
(请说出以下句子中的画线部分在句子中充当的成分)
1. When we’ll hold the sports meeting has not been decided yet. 作______ 语
2. That he has won the first prize is true. 作______ 语
3. He wonder if/whether he could use my bike. 作______ 语
4. I am thinking about who will be given the job. 作______ 语
5. My parents’ wish is that I can go to a key university. 作______ 语
6. The problem is how I can get in touch with them. 作______ 语
7. It is not clear whether she will attend his wedding. 作______ 语
8. The fact that Polly didn’t ask for the man’s name is a pity. 作______ 语

三、用法
1、主语从句：在复合句中做主句的主语。引导词有连词that (that 不可省),whether; 代词有who, what, which; 副词 when, where, how, why 等。如:
A. That he is a famous singer is known to us.
(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)
B. When he will go to America is not yet fixed.
(=It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)
2.宾语从句：在复合句中做主句的宾语.引导词有连词that (that 常可省略),whether, if; 代词有who, whose, what ,which; 副词 when ,where, how, why 等。如:
A. We believe (that) he is honest.

B. I told him (that) I would come back soon.
C. He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldn’t go there.
D. The conductor has made it clear that no buses will be running.
3、表语从句：在复合句中做主句的表语. 表语从句放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。另外,常用的还有The reason/truth is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如： 
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people. 
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 
4) The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 
(如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice, order等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略.)
5) My suggestion yesterday was that a meeting (should) be held to discuss the matter.

4、同位语从句：在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词 fact, news, idea, promise, thought, suggestion等抽象名词之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词。引导词有连接代词that；少数情况下也可用连接副词等。如：
A. The thought that we might succeed excited us.
B. The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.
C. The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.
(如果名词suggestion,advice.order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略.)
5. 同位语在句子中的位置 
    同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如： 
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 

四、使用名词性从句的注意点
1、注意that 的用法
that引导名词性从句时在从句中不做任何成分，也没有具体的意义。其他连接词在引导从句时都做相应的成分并有具体的意思。
①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中 的that不能省略。如： 
A. That they are good at English is known to us all. 
B. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. 
C. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.
②当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；
He judged that because he was a child, he did not understand what he had said.
当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. 
③介词后一般不用that引导的从句，除了介词but/except/in之后， 而且that不可省掉。 
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. 
④that从句做主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 
(A) It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that…
(B)It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ... (C)It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that …
(D It seems/happens that…如： 
It happened that I went out last night. 
It is said that China will win in the World Cup

2. What 与that 的区别 
    在定语从句中用that, 不用what
在名词性从句中，What 在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that 则不然。例如： 
1) _______ you said yesterday is right. 
2) ________ she is still alive is a consolation. 
3) It’s a shame ______ he has made such a mistake.
4) Do ______ he says.
5) He is no longer ____________ he used to be.
6) He is no longer the boy _________ he used to be.

3. 注意同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如： 
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） 
2)The news that Tom will go abroad is surprising.
（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
辨析：
1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. ( 从句)
2. The news that you told us is really encouraging. ( 从句)
3. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
4. The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. ( 从句)
5. They put forward the question where they could get the money. ( 从句)
6.This is the place where the accident happened.( 从句)

4. whether和if的用法
①whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如： 
It all depends on whether they will come back 
②后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如： 
I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.. 
③主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句中只能用whether。如： 
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 
The question is whether they have so much money.  
We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
④whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如： 
The question of whether they are male or female is not important. 
I have not decided whether to go or not. 
⑤whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。If表示“如果”时，不能用whether。如： 
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time. 
If I have enough time, I will play football.

5.疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别： 
①疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在句中要充当一定的部分。如： 
Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. 
You can choose whatever you like in the shop. 
②疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如： 
Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished, 
Whatever you do, you must do it well. 
③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如： 
No matter what you do, you must do it well. 
No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 

6. 名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致、主谓一致、语序。
① 宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如： 
Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here? 
The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed. 
② 主语从句做主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如： 
When the meeting will begin _____ not been decided yet. 
When they will start and where they go _______ not been decided yet. 
When and where the meeting will begin _______ not been decided. 
③ 名词性从句在句中要用______句语序。如： 
He asked me what was the matter with me. 
The problem is how Polly is going to find us in the crowd.
I’m interested in who that tall man is.
7. 几个固定句式：
① 强调句It is/was +强调部分＋that…….(如果强调部分是疑问词)
eg. Who is it that spoke first?
When was it that they came here?
② 关于doubt
sb. doubt if/whether…..
sb. don’t/doesn’t doubt that …….
There is no doubt that …….
Eg. There is no doubt that he will win the game.
③ 疑问词＋do you think+(用陈述句语序)
eg. Who do you think we invited to give us the talk?

名词性从句专题练习
班级 _____ 姓名___________
1 ____he does has nothing to do with me.
A. whatever B. No matter what C. That D. If
2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____
A. did the quarrel came about B .the quarrel had come about
C. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come about
3. Energy is ____makes thing work..
A. what B. something C. anything D. that
4. Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C. when D. as
5. This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed.
A. there B. in which C. where D. when
6. They have no idea at all____.
A. where he has gone B. where did he go
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone
7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die of the disease.
A. that B. which C. of which D. of that
8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.
A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave
C. /; must leave D. when; should leave
9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There; that B. It; that
C. there; whether D. It; whether
10. The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.
A. that B. which C. whether D. if
11. Is _____he said really true?
A. that B. what C. why D. whether
12.____the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where
13. It worried her a bit _____her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. if C. that D. for
14. _____more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.
A. Whether B. This C. who D. If
15.____he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.
A. What B. That C. Whether D. If
16. ____you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. That C. Who D. How
17.____all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.
A. What; what B. That; that
C. what; that D. That ; what
18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.
A. What B. It C. All that D. That
19. It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.
A. believed B think C. say D. hoped
20. ____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
21. ____he always serves the people very well is known.
A. What B. That C. Which D. Who
22.____has passed the test will get a prize .
A. Whoever B. No mater who C. Whomever D. Who
23.Is____ true that the famous scientist will give us a lecture next week?
A that B it C his D he
24.It has not been decided ___ they will leave for New York.
A. when B why C that D what
25. Obviously___ we do morning exercises every day ___ us good.
A. that do B. if; do C what; does D. that; dose
26 It is said____ ____ was all ___ he said.
A that; that; that B what; what; what
C that; which; what D that; that; which
27___ gets home first is to cook the supper.
A. Who B Whom C. Those who D. Whoever
28___ moved us most was___ he liked after the old man for more than twenty years.
A. That; that B. What; that
C What; what D. That; what
29.___ you did it is not known to all.
A. Who B. What C. How D. Which
30.___ you do should be well done.
A How B. That C. Whatever D Why
31. The reason I plan to go is___ she will be disappointed if I don’t.
A. because B. that C. thanks to D. what
32. What time do you think__?
A. will Tom come back B. Tom will come back
C. is Tom coming back D. can Tom get here
33. The teacher said that light___ faster than sound.
A Has traveled B. traveled
C. had traveled D. travels
34..___ is still a question___ will win.
A. It; that B. It; who
C. That; who D. This; that
35. If you know___ it was that write A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand.
A. whom B. which C. who D. that
36. In some countries,___ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.
A. that B. which C. as D. what
37. Thinking___ you know___ in fact you don’t is a terrible mistake.
A. that; that B. what; what
C. that; what D. what that
38. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just___ worries the public.
A. why B. which C. that D. what
39. Why don’t you bring___ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?
A. that B. what C. that D. it
40.___ David says sounds right to Helen. That’s why she has made up her mind to leave with him___ happens.
A. whatever; whatever B. No matter what; whatever
C. No matter what; No matter what D. Whatever; however
41. That is___ I was born and grew up.
A. There B. in which C. where D. the place
42.___ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
A. What B. That C. When D. Because
43.___ we are doing has never been done before.
A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether
44.---Have you found your book yet?
---No, I’m not sure___ I could have left it.
A. whether B. where C. when D. why
45. The doctor couldn’t answer the question___ the patient could survive that night.
A. if B. that C. whether D. what
46. I firmly believe___ he said at the meeting was right.
A. that B. which C. that what D what that
47.---What were you trying to prove to the police?
---___ I was last night.
A. That B. When C. Where D. What
48. I think, though I could be mistaken, __ he liked me.
A. who B. which C. that D. what
49. At the meeting, we discussed___ we should employ more workers.
A. if B. whether C. that D. /
50. After___ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
A. which B. it C. what D. that
51.___ has a good education can apply for the job.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Whoever
52.___ is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.
A. He B. It C. That D. What
53.___ worries me is___ we’re going to pay for all this.
A It; that B. That; how
C. What; how D. As; that
54.___ is said that paper was invented in China.
A. As B. Which C. It D. That
55. Many people thought little of me, but I did what___.
A I thought I was right B I thought it was right
C I thought was right D. I was thought right
56. The manager has decided to put___ he think is energetic, clever, and has good sense of duty in the position of the leadership of the company.
A. those who B. anyone C. whomever D. whoever
57. Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and___ more tan 10,000 years ago.
A this is Alaska B Alaska is now Alaska
C is now Alaska D what is now Alaska
58. Please tell me___ you would like to have your coffee--- black or white?
A. what B. where C. which D. how
59. My mother asked___ with me.
A what was the wrong B what the matter was
C what matter was D what was the matter
60. Some of the scientists held the point___ the book said was right.
A. what what B. what what
C. that that D. that what

1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA
21—25 BABAD 26—30 ADBCC 31—35 BBDBC 36—40 DCDDA
41—45 CBBBC 46—50 CCCBC 51—55 BDCCC 56—60 DDDDD

名词性从句归纳
一．包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
二．共同点：
1.引导词:
2.语序：
练习（1---7题用适当的连词填空，８---９题注意语序）：
1._______he is ready to help others is well known.
2. ________team will win the match is almost clear now.
3.That is _______ I didn’t attend the meeting.
4._______ I’m