高二下新世纪unit 3.doc

重点单词
Unit 3 On Friendship
知识要点
1. 重点单词
单词
词性
中文含义
衍生词
相关用法
burden
n.& v.
负担，重任；被……困扰，承受……负担，

be burdened with
meanwhile
adv.
同时(合成词)

indicate
v.
表明、表示
n. indication

zero
v.
把注意力集中于……

zero in on
affection
n.
友爱，爱情
是affect的衍生词
affect v．影响、(=have an effect on)
respect
n.
尊敬
adj. respectable
show respect to sb．
define
v.
给……下定义
n. definition

mean
adj.
吝啬的
n. meaning意思意义
means手段、方式

by means of通过……手段
by no means决不
approachable
adj.
随和的，易接近的

2．重点词组
支持，对……有利 go for
关心，在意 care about
吸引注意力 draw(one’s attention)
易接近的，易到达的 be approachable
放松，舒适 at ease
不费力地 with ease
以……为基础 base…on
把注意力集中于…… zero in on
同时 meanwhile
集中精力在 focus．．．on．．．
显得高兴容光焕发 light up
贬低 tear．．．down
依附于附在 attach…to
实际上 in reality=actually=in fact
互相迁就 give and take
向某人传达(送)信息、消息 convey sth．to sb．

3．重点句型
Furthermore, the more you smile，the more natural your smile will be．
It is learning when to talk that is important．

4．重点语法
The Structure for Emphasis(1)强调结构(1)

(一)Text
Vocabulary and Patterns
1．go for：be suitable for适合于，支持，对……有利
e g·She showed some qualities going for her in the speech，and thus got the first prize．
她在演讲中展示出有利的素质，因此赢得了一等奖。
注意：go in for爱好，从事
e g·With the Olympics drawing near，more and more people go in for sports．
随着奥运会的临近，越来越多的人们爱好体育活动了

2．care v.
(1)to think that something or someone is important，SO that you are interested in it，
worried about it etc关心，在意
①care about关心，在乎
e g·In modern society what many people seem to care about is only money．
现代社会很多人在乎的似乎只是钱。
I care about him and hate to see him SO sad 1ike this．
我很关心他，不喜欢看到他如此伤心。
②care what／how／whether etc．
e g·She will not care what she can do as long as she can stay with her friend．
只要能和她朋友在一起，她不在意做什么。
(2)As if I cared!--Something is not important to you at a11． 好像我在乎似的!
e g．As if I cared whether he comes with us or not! 好像我在乎他来不来一样!(谁稀罕)
(3)care for somebody／something：to look after someone who is not able to look after
themselves；take care of照顾，关心
e g．He thanked the nurses for their caring for him while he was sick．
他向在他患病期间一直照顾他的护士们道谢。
In China the old are being well cared for．
在中国，老年人们被照顾得很好。
(4)not care for somebody／something：not like someone or something
e g．I don't much care for his parents． 我不大喜欢他的父母。

3．draw v．(drew，drawn)
(1)to produce a picture of something using a pencil，pen etc． 画
e g·Kate had，drawn a cottage with a little stream running next to it。
凯特画了一座小房子，旁边有一条小溪流过。
She asked the little girl to draw a picture of the man she’d spoken to．
她让小姑娘为与她讲话的人画一幅像。
draw somebody something为某人画……
e g·Can you draw me a map of how to get there?
您能为我画一幅如何到那里的地图吗?
(2)draw(somebody's)attention：to make someone notice something
draw(somebody’s)attention to： 吸引注意力
e g·I have been asked to draw your attention to the fo11owing points．
有人要求我请您关注以下几点。
The Iraq War has drawn international attention．
这个案子吸引了世界范围的注意。
（3)draw a conclusion：to decide that a particular fact or principle is true according to
the information you have been given得出结论
e g．It would be unwise to draw firm conclusions from the results of a single survey．
根据一个调查的结果就作出确切的结论是不明智的。
(4)draw somebody to something：to attract someone or make them want to do something
吸引某人做某事
e g． What first drew you to teaching?
是什么最初使你产生教书的念头的? ，
The festival is likely to draw huge crowds．
这个节日有可能吸引大批的人。
(5)draw near／closer：to become closer in time or space将要来临，接近
e g．Maria grew anxious as the men drew closer．随着那人接近，玛丽娅变得紧张。
Christmas is drawing near． 圣诞节马上到了。
(6)to move someone or something in a particular direction by pulling them gently
e g·Bobby drew a chair up to the table．鲍比把一把椅子拉到桌前。
Mike drew me aside to whisper in my ear．麦克把我拉到一边低声耳语。
(7)to take money from your bank account；withdraw(从银行中)取款，提款
e g·Mr．Smith drew $8,000 in cash from a China bank．
史密斯先生从中国的一家银行提取了8000美元的现金。
(8)especially British English to finish without either side winning in a game such as
football(比赛)打平，战平
e g·It is really a close game．The two teams drew 3：3．
真是一场势均力敌的比赛。两队3比3平。
The German football team drew with the Chinese football team in the final．
决赛中，德国足球队与中国队战成平局。

4·approachable adj．
(1)friendly and easy to talk to易接近的
e g·As a teacher Mr．Li is very approachable．作为一名教师，李先生很平易近人。
(2)easy to reach易到达的
e g·The top of the mountain is approachable only by going up some very long steps．
只有爬上那些高高的台阶才能登上山顶。
approach v: to move towards or nearer to someone or something接近
e g·As I approached the house，I noticed a light upstairs．
当我接近那座房子的时候，我注意到楼上有灯光。
She heard footsteps approaching． 她听到脚步声在接近。
approach n.:a method of doing something or dealing with a problem 方法
(1)approach to
e g·A new approach to teaching languages． 教授语言的新方法。
He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story telling．
他决定采用一种不同的方法，通过讲故事来教圣经。
(2)(time or event)is getting closer(时间或事件)接近
e g·the approach of autumn秋天的脚步近了
It’s a sign of the approach of middle age这是快到中年的标志。
(3)movement towards or near to something靠近，接近
e g· Our approach frightened the birds．我们的靠近惊坏了鸟儿。

5. at ease：feeling relaxed, especially in a situation in which people might feel a little
nervous放松，舒适
e g·She felt completely at ease with Bernard．她和伯纳德在一起觉得彻底放松。
(1)put／set somebody at(their)case(=make someone feel relaxed)
e g·she had an ability to put people at their ease． 她有能力让人放松。
(2)with ease：if you do something with ease, it is very easy for you to do it不费力地
e g·They won with ease． 他们轻而易举地取得了胜利。

6．convey v．
(1)to communicate or express something，with or、without using words传达(意见，感情)
e g·All this information can be conveyed in a simple diagram．
所有这些信息可以用一简单图表来表示。
Ads convey the message that thin is beautiful．
广告传达着这样的信息：瘦即是美。
He was sent to convey a message to the U．N．Secretary General．
他被派去带个信给联合国秘书长。
①convey something to somebody
e g．1 want to convey to children that reading is one of life’s greatest treats．
我想带给孩子们这样的信息：读书是人生一大乐事。
②convey a sense／an impression／an idea etc．
e g·You don’t want to convey the impression that there’s anything illegal going on.
你不想带着这样的感觉：有什么不法的事在发生。
(2)to take or carry something from one place to another运送，携带
e g·Your luggage will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi．您的行李将由出租车运到旅馆。

7·zero in on(sb.／sth.)：to direct all your attention towards a particular person or thing
直接对准，注意力集中于
e g·She immediately zeroed in on the weak point in his argument．
她一下子切中了他争辩中的弱点。

8．focus on
(1)to give special attention to one particular person or thing，or to make people do
关注，注意力集中
e g·He needs to focus more on his career． 他需要对事业多加关注。 ，
focus your attention／mind／efforts on something
e g·She tried to focus her mind on her work． 她试图集中精神工作。
we need to focus public attention on this issue． 我们需要公共聚焦于此事件。
(2)to point a camera or telescope at something，and change the controls slightly so
that you can see that thing clearly．(照相机，望远镜)聚焦于
e g·She turned the camera and focused on Martin’s face。她转动照相机将它对准马丁的脸。
(3)(eyes)if your eyes focus，or if you focus your eyes，you look at something and can see it clearly
e g·All eyes focused on her．所有的眼睛都盯着她。
His eyes were focused straight ahead． 他眼睛注视着前方。

9．1ight up
(1)to give light to a place or to shine light on something点燃，使光亮
e g·The flames lit up the sky．烟花照亮天空。
(2)to become bright with light or color照亮
e g·At night the harbor lights up．夜晚海港灯火通明。
As the screen lit up，he typed in his password．屏幕亮了，他输入了密码。
(3)if someone’s face or eyes light up，they show pleasure，excitement etc．容光焕发
light up with
e g·His eyes lit up with laughter． 笑意闪亮了他的眼。
Her face lit up with pleasure． 快乐使她容光焕发。

Suddenly a smile lit up her face． 她脸上突然浮现出微笑。
(4)(informal)to light a cigarette点烟
e g·1 watched Paul light up again． 我看见保罗又点燃了香烟。

10. attribute n.: a quality or feature, especially one that is considered to be good or
useful素质，品质
e g．What attributes should a good manager possess?
一个好的经理应该具备什么素质?

(二)Additional reading
1．attach v．
(1)attach something to something：to fasten or connect one object to another；fix___________
e g·Attach a recent photograph to your application form．
（2）be attached to somebody／something：to like someone or something very much , because you have known them or had them for a long time依恋，喜爱
e g．It’s easy to become attached to the children you work with．
你很容易就会和你在一起的孩子产生依恋的情绪。

2．indicate v．
(1)to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true 表明
indicate(that)
e g．Research indicates that over 81 percent of teachers are dissatisfied with their salary.
研究表明超过81％的教师对薪水不满意。
The study indicates a connection between poverty and crime．
这项研究表明贫穷和犯罪之间有联系。
(2)to say or do something to make your wishes，intentions etc．clear 表明
e g·The Russians have already indicated their willingness t0 cooperate．

俄罗斯人已经表示了他们愿意合作。
Professor Johnson has indicated his intention to retire at the end of next year．
罗纳森教授表明了明年年底退休的打算。
________ n．

3．outlook n．
(1)one’s general attitude to life and the world观点，看法
outlook _____对……观点、看法
e g·
Exercise will improve your looks and your outlook．
锻炼将改善你的外表和世界观。
positive／optimistic outlook 积极／乐观的态度
e g．She still has an optimistic outlook for the future．
她仍旧对未来抱有乐观的态度。
(2)what is expected to happen in the future
Outlook______展望，前景
e g·
a bright outlook for future对未来的美好憧憬
economic／________／______ outlook经济／财政／政治前景
a bleak economic outlook it／Western Europe西欧的惨淡经济前景

4．affection n．a feeling of liking or love and caring；fondness喜爱，挚爱
affection for
注意区分：affect
e g．She had a deep affection for the old man． 她深爱这个老人。
She looked back on those days with affection．她满怀爱意回忆那段时光。
Their father never showed them much affection．他们的父亲从未表现出对他们的爱。

分层练习
A．基础练习
I．Spelling．
a．Fill in the blanks with a word using the hints of its English meaning．
1．easy to talk to or deal friendly． a__________
2．an object that is able both to attract iron and steel objects
and also push them away m__________
3．in addition；besides f ______
4．sincerely，truly，honestly，really g ______
5．something that cause people fl lot of worry or hard work b__________

b. Fill in the blanks with the word from the text. The first letter of the word has been given.
6. Hi s m___________ has made him very popular among his friends, though he has made great achievements in his career, but he never speaks highly of himself.
7. Mr. Li is always very a__________, so that everyone likes to talk with him.
8. In Shanghai there is a big financial b________for young couples.
9. Pop stars are always p_______with the young.
10. Though the lady is not beautiful, she is extremely a__________because she seems so full of life and fun.
11. Furthermore, the more you smile, the more n________your smile will be.
12. Smiles also c________confidence, which is really important when making friends.
13. Going along with this big secret of making friends are a few a__________suggestions.
14. The dictionary defines the word "friend" as "one attached to another by a________or respect".
15. Relationships b_______ on a common activity may stop or end when the activity ends.

II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.
1. The church was held in great__________(affect) by the local residents in the western countries.
2. Research__________(indicate) that over 30 percent of the college graduates are out of work.
3. The train goes very fast, __________(convey) over 300 passengers every day.
4. College students only__________ (zero) in on their study in the past, but it is not what it was used to be.
5. Going along with this big secret of___________ (make) friends are a few additional suggestions.

III. Complete each of the following sentences with a phrase in its proper form, zero in on feel at ease light up brag about tear down laugh at
make friends get a word in in reality as a result of base on attribute to
1. Almost all the people like being praised, that is, no one enjoys_______ by others.
2. They__________some details while leaving main points untouched.
3.__________, violent crimes are still extremely rare.
4. Jenny has always found it easy to__________at school.
5.__________the pilots' strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.
6. Dexter liked the picture editor and__________with him.
7. Their garden__________by dozens of colored lamps.
8. The boys were punished for__________often in classes.
9. Grandparents__________their grandkids.
10. Their relationship__________mutual respect.

IV. Complete the sentences according to the Chinese given.
1. Furthermore, the longer you practice smiling, ___________________. (你的微笑就会更快地变得轻松和自然)
2. When someone is talking to you，______________.(将注意力百分之百地集中到那个人身上)
3. It is . (学会何时交谈是重要的)
4. He was so eager to tell us about what happened that . (我无法插话)
5. It was late in the night and I . (碰巧在那时路过)
6. The exhibition has . (吸引了成千上万的参观者)
7. The school has decided to . (采取另一种方式解决纪律问题)
8. to be asked to do the job. (这是一项极大的荣誉)
9．They have established . (持久的友谊)
10．A red sky at night often . (预兆第二天天气晴朗)

B. 能力提升
I .Vocabulary.
( ) 1. What__________by the word population?
A. means B. meant C. is meant D. is meaning
( ) 2. No one enjoys__________, _
A. laughing at; doesn’t he B. laughing at; does he
C. being laughed at; don’t they D. being laughed at; do they
( ) 3. Three__________ten people like to watch the basketball game.
A. of B. out of C. to D in
( ) 4. The mother asked her son__________he liked the toy she bought for him.
A. what B. how C. which D. that ( )
5. When I returned from the market, my mother remained___________at the table,
__________the newspaper.
A. seated; reading B to be seated; read
C. seating; reading D. sitting; read
( ) 6. Study hard in high school and lay a__________for the future.
A. basic B. base C. foundation D. founder
( ) 7. His silence_