初中英语句法知识与运用综合练习题含解析.docx

一、单选题1Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.AthatBwhichCwhoDwhere2The library _we built last year is the biggest one in Guangzhou.AwhatBwhoCwhereDwhich3I can still remember the very sitting-roommy mother and I used to sit in the evening. AwhichBwhatCthatDwhere4If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.AthatBwhichCwhenDwhere5It is no longer _it was 20 years ago, _it was so poorly equipped.Awhat; whenBthat; whichCwhat; whichDwhat; that6Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planetlife has developed gradually. AthatBwhereCwhichDwhose7I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.AthatBin thatCof whichDwhere8We will always remember the moment _ my classmate Li Chong crossed the finish line.AwhenBwhereCthatDwhose9The reason_ he came to school late was _he got up late.Awhy; becauseBfor; forCfor; asDwhy; that10The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, _the Gaofen 3C radar satellite was launched on April 7, 2022, lies in northwestern Chinas Gobi Desert.Afrom whichBof whichCto whichDon which11The old woman has two sons, oneis a teacher. Aof whoBof whomCof whichDof them12The thief made a little hole in the wall, _ he could see what was going on inside the house.Aon whichBin whichCthrough whichDat which13_ is known to all, friendship plays a very important part in our social life.AWhatBThatCAsDIt14_ is worldwide shown, great activities were held on the evening of Oct 1stto celebrate our motherlands 70thanniversary. AAsBItCWhatDWhich15The air quality in the city, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.AitBthatCwhichDas16Ms Meng, CFO of Huawei, got arrested for no good reason in Canada, _ caused great anger of the whole nation of China.AthatBasCwhichDwhat17Anyway, that evening,Ill tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place. AwhenBthatCwhereDwhich18_ more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.AWhetherBThisCwhoDIf19The teacher reminded us _ of us left the office last should turn off the air conditioner and the lights.AwhateverBwhicheverCwhomeverDwhoever20One of the men gave his opinion _ the book said was right.Athat whatBthatCwhatDwhether21Air, or _ is called the atmosphere, surrounds the whole world.AthatBwhichCwhatDit22The saddest aspect of life right now is _ science gathers knowledge faster than society gathers wisdom.AthatBhowCwhatDwhich23Weve got a couple of participants in the team. The problem iscan complete this challenging task. AwhichBwhatCwhoDthat24After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of.AthatBwhereCwhichDwhat25You cant imagine _when they received these nice Christmas presents.Ahow they were excitedBthey were how excitedChow excited were theyDhow excited they were26By reading the story, you may understand _ to be successful.Ait takes whatByou take whatCwhat takes youDwhat it takes27Could you tell me_?He is in the library.Awhere Simon wasBwhere is SimonCwhere was SimonDwhere Simon is28He explainedfor his fathers birthday party. Awhy was he lateBwhy is he lateCwhy he is lateDwhy he was late29He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.AasBuntilCwhileDwhen30The kids get up early and have at least one hour _ they are sent to school.AsinceBbeforeCunlessDthough31 When did you go to bed last night? I didnt go to bedmy father got home.AwhileBafterCwhenDuntil32The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier _ we take action to protect them.AsinceBifCuntilDunless33You may arrive in Beijing early _ you mind taking the night train.AthatBthoughCunlessDif34We all need to get involved in saving energy _ its at work, at home, or at school.AunlessBonceCwhetherDbecause35_ great achievements the world may have in the future, the part China will play cant be left out.AIfBWhateverCWhicheverDHowever36_ he had spent years apart from home and endured extreme conditions, Deng Jiaxian refused to back down from his responsibilities.ABecauseBUnlessCAlthoughDSince37Do you know a new shopping mall opened in our town yesterday?Yes. Why dont we pay a visit _ we have time?AuntilBsinceCunlessDthough38May I go and play with Tom this afternoon, Mum?No. You cant go out _your homework is being done.AbeforeBasCuntilDafter39He was_ angry_ he said nothing and rushed out.AsuchthatBso a thatCsuch athatDso that40It is _ a large theme park _ visitors who want to get round must take the shuttle.Asuch; thatBso; thatCsuch; whereDso; where41He wrote down the address _ he should forget it.Ain caseBeven ifCon condition thatDas long as42They decide to have more workers for the project _ it wont be delayed.Aeven ifBas ifCnow thatDso that二、语法填空43The old lady has two daughters, one ofis working abroad. 44The letter is from my sister,is working in Beijing.45I refuse to accept the blame for somethingwas someone elses fault.46Did you ask the guardhappened?Yes, he told me allhe knew.47The baglies on the ground is hers.48Alice and her family bicycle to work,helps them keep fit. 49I can never forget the daywe worked together and the daywe spent together.50I will never forget the dayswe stayed together. 答案解析部分1【答案】B【解析】句意：位于贝克街的陈氏餐厅过去经营不善，现在生意兴隆。A. that关系代词，指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，但不用于非限制性定语从句中；B. which关系代词，指物，在从句中做主语或宾语；C. who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；D. where关系副词，在从句中作地点状语。used to be poorly run 是非限制性定语从句，先行词为restaurant，指物，在从句中作主语，因而用which引导。故选B。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。2【答案】D【解析】句意：我们去年建的图书馆是广州最大的图书馆。_we built last year 是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The library，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句。3【答案】D【解析】句意：我还记得我母亲和我过去常常在晚上坐的那个起居室。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是sitting-room ，指物，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。4【答案】D【解析】句意：如果商店里有女人可以让自己的男人坐的椅子，女人就会花更多的时间在商店里购物。本定语从句的先行词是chairs，在定语从句中作地点状语。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。5【答案】A【解析】句意：它不再是20年前的样子，那时它非常简陋。分析可知，第一空引导表语从句，从句缺少表语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词20 years ago在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选A。【点评】考查名词性从句的定语从句，本题涉及what引导的表语从句和关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句。6【答案】B【解析】句意：史蒂夫霍金认为地球不可能是唯一一个逐渐发展生命的星球。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the only planet，定语从句缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句，故选B。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。7【答案】D【解析】句意：我可以想起很多例子，学生很明显知道许多英语单词和表达方式，但是就是写不出一篇好的文章。这是一个定语从句，先行词many cases，在从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用表地点的关系副词where，故选D。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。8【答案】A【解析】句意：我们将永远记得我的同学李冲冲过终点线的那一刻。此处为定语从句修饰先行词moment ，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when引导 ，故选A。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。9【答案】D【解析】句意：他上学迟到的原因是他起床晚了。第一空考查定语从句，句中先行词为reason，在后面的定语从句中作原因状语，应使用关系副词why引导；第二空为表语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，应使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句和名词性从句，本题涉及why引导的限制性定语从句和that引导的表语从句。10【答案】A【解析】句意：2022年4月7日，高分3号卫星从酒泉卫星发射中心发射，该发射中心位于中国西北部戈壁沙漠。the Gaofen 3C radar satellite was launched on April 7, 2022 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center，指物，根据定语从句的意思可知，高分3C雷达卫星是从酒泉卫星发射中心发射的，所以可以用“介词from which”的结构，which指代the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center。故选A。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及from which引导的非限制性定语从句。11【答案】B【解析】句意：那位老妇人有两个儿子，其中一个是教师。one is a teacher是非限制性定语从句，先行词为sons，关系代词whom引导从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，指代人。故选B。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及whom引导的非限制性定语从句。12【答案】C【解析】句意：小偷在墙上打了一个小洞，通过这个洞他可以看到房子里正在发生的事情。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为hole，关系代词which替代the hole，根据后文he could see what was going on inside the house句意可知，应用介词through+which引导从句，through the hole“通过这个洞”符合句意。故选C。【点评】考查介词词义辨析和定语从句，区分on ；in；through以及at的应用以及which引导的非限制性定语从句。13【答案】C【解析】句意：众所周知，友谊在我们的社会生活中扮演着非常重要的角色。as is known to all，众所周知，此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句。是正如的意思。故选C。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及as引导的非限制性定语从句。14【答案】A【解析】句意：向全世界展示，10月1日晚上举行了盛大的活动来庆祝我们祖国70周年。此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面整个句子，定语从句is worldwide shown，关系词作主语，放在句首，只能用as。as is worldwide shown意为正如向全世界所展示的。故选A。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及as引导的非限制性定语从句。15【答案】D【解析】句意：正如报道显示的那样，这个城市的空气质量在过去两个月大有改善。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代The air quality in the city has improved over the past two months在从句中作主语，表示“正如那样”，故选D。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及as引导的非限定性定语从句。16【答案】C【解析】句意：华为CFO孟女士在加拿大无故被捕，引起了全中国人民的强烈愤慨。此处是前面整个句子做先行词，用which引导非限制性定语从句，且作主语，故选C。【点评】考查非限制性定语从句关系词的选用。17【答案】D【解析】句意：不管怎样，那天晚上，待会关于它我会告诉你更多，我最后呆在Rachel家了。Ill tell you more about later是非限制性定语从句，先行词是that evening，定语从句中about缺少宾语，应用关系代词which。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。18【答案】A【解析】句意：未来是否有更多的国家能够使用自然能源还有待观察。remain前是主语从句，根据“remains to be seen.”有待观察可知，前面是“是否做某事”，用whether引导主语从句。故选A。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whether引导的主语从句。19【答案】B【解析】句意：老师提醒我们，无论谁最后一个离开办公室，都应该关掉空调和灯。remind后是宾语从句，从句中_ of us left the office last是主语从句，A.whatever“无论什么”，作主语或宾语；B.whichever“.的那个人事物”；C.whomever“无论谁”，作宾语；D.whoever “无论谁”，作主语。whichever of us.“无论我们哪个人”引导主语从句。故选B。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whichever引导的主语从句。20【答案】A【解析】句意：其中一个人提出了他的意见，认为书中说的是对的。分析句子结构可知，“the book said”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，因此主语从句用what引导；“what the book said was right”位于抽象名词opinion后，说明opinion的具体内容，因此是同位语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，因此同位语从句用that引导，因此空格处是that what。故选A。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的同位语从句和what引导的主语从句。21【答案】C【解析】句意：空气，或所谓的大气，包围着整个世界。分析句子结构并根据并列连词or可知，设空处引导主语从句，与Air构成并列关系。连词在从句中作主语，需要使用连接代词what。故选C。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。22【答案】A【解析】句意：现在生活中最悲哀的一点是，科学比社会收集智慧更快地收集知识。is后接表语从句，从句结构完整且不缺乏是否含义，用只其连接作用的that 。故选A。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的表语从句。23【答案】C【解析】句意：我们队里有几个人。问题是谁能完成这项具有挑战性的任务。分析句子结构，可知空格位于be 动词之后为表语从句，从句中缺少连接词作主语，此处表示人，用who引导该从句。故选C。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及who引导的表语从句。24【答案】D【解析】句意：开了几小时的车后，他们来到他们认为是一直梦想的地方。reached是及物动词，后边接的是宾语从句，宾语从句除去插入语they thought后缺主语，所以应选what，表示“的（地方等）”从句中作主语，故选D。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的宾语从句。25【答案】D【解析】句意：你想象不出当他们收到这些好的圣诞礼物的时候他们是多么的高兴。imagine后接宾语从句。这里how引导的是感叹句作宾语，how +形容词+主语+谓语，excited是形容词，是被感叹的词，故选D。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及感叹句作宾语从句。26【答案】D【解析】句意：通过阅读这个故事，你可能会明白成功要付出些什么。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，it作形式主语，且宾语从句中要用“连接词+陈述句”语序，结合句意表示“什么”故应用what引导。故选D。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的宾语从句。27【答案】D【解析】句意：你能告诉我西蒙在哪里吗？他在图书馆。根据He is in the library.的时态，可知用一般现在时，问句tell后跟的一个宾语从句，要用陈述句顺序，故选D。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及宾语从句的时态和语序。28【答案】D【解析】句意：他解释了为什么参加他父亲生日宴会迟到。分析句子可知，设空处是一个宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，又由主句的explained判断为一般过去时，故选D。【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及宾语从句的时态和语序。29【答案】D【解析】句意：他正要告诉我这个秘密，突然有人拍了拍他的肩膀。be about to do .when.固定句型，“正要做某事突然”，故答案选C。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及when引导的状语从句以及固定句式be about to do when.。30【答案】B【解析】句意：孩子们早起，至少有一个小时才能被送到学校。A 自从，B 在之前，C 除非，D 虽然，根据句意可知此处是 before引导的时间状语从句，故选B。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及before引导的时间状语从句。31【答案】D【解析】句意：昨晚你什么时候睡觉的？直到我爸爸回到家我才睡觉。A. while“在期间”；B. after“在以后”；C. when“当时候”；D. until“到为止”。notuntil.，固定短语，“直到才”，故选D。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及notuntil.引导的时间状语从句。32【答案】D【解析】句意：除非我们采取措施保护河流，不然他们会越来越脏。A. since “自从，由于”；B. if “如果，是否”；C. until “直到”；D. unless “除非”。根据前句说“河流越来越脏”，后半句说“我们采取措施保护他们”可知，填入unless引导条件状语从句符合题意。故选D。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及unless引导的条件状语从句。33【答案】C【解析】句意：你可以早点到达北京，除非你介意乘坐夜里的火车。A.that在定语从句中作主语或宾语，名词性从句中无意义；B though“尽管”；C unless“除非”；D if“如果，是否”。根据句意可知，这里表示的是“如果不愿乘坐夜里的车，就不能早点到北京”，unless相当于if not，故选C。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及unless引导的条件状语从句。34【答案】C【解析】句意：无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。A. unless“除非”；B. once “一旦”；C. whether“无论，是否”；D. because “因为”。分析句子，该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句，根据句意及后面的or ，需要表示“无论是还是”，故选C。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及 whether引导的让步状语从句。35【答案】B【解析】句意：无论未来世界会有什么伟大的成就，中国扮演的角色都不能被忽视。A. If 假如；B. Whatever 无论什么；C. Whichever 无论哪一个；D. However 无论怎样。分析句子结构结合句意可知，空处引导一个让步状语从句，由“great achievements(伟大的成就)”可知应用whatever，表示“无论有什么伟大的成就”，所以用whatever引导此从句，故选B。【点评】考查让步状语从句。要求考生会在实际语境中正确运用whatever引导的让步状语从句。36【答案】C【解析】句意：尽管邓稼先多年远离家乡，忍受着极端的条件，但他拒绝放弃自己的责任。A. Because因为；B. Unless除非；C. Although尽管；D. Since自从。“he had spent years apart from home and endured extreme conditions”和“Deng Jiaxian refused to back down from his responsibilities”构成转折关系，所以此处应用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。【点评】考查让步状语从句。要求考生会分析主从复合句中主从句的逻辑关系，在语境中正确使用although。37【答案】B【解析】句意：你知道昨天我们镇上新开的一家购物中心吗？是的。既然有时间，我们何不去看看呢？A：until“直到才”；B：since“既然、自从”；C：unless“除非，如果.不.”；D：though “虽然”。根据空前后的句意可知，空处的词引导原因状语从句，故选B。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及since引导的原因状语从句。38【答案】B【解析】句意：妈妈，今天下午我可以和汤姆一起去玩吗？不，你不能出去，因为你将做你的作业。A. before“在之前”；B. as“随着，因为”；C. until“直到”；D. after“在之后”。分析可知，“your homework is being done”你在做家庭作业，应是前文“You cant go out”你不能出去，的原因，应选择表达因果逻辑关系的连词。故选B。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及as引导原因状语从句。39【答案】D【解析】句意：他太生气了以至于什么都没说就跑出去了。suchthat与sothat 意思相同，作“如此以致于”解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句；so修饰形容词或副词，而such修饰名词，名词前面可以带形容词；由两空之间只有形容词angry可知，此处使用so.that.句型。故选D。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及so.that.固定句式。40【答案】A【解析】句意：这是一个如此大的主题公园，想参观的游客必须乘坐往返汽车。so+adj.such+n. that固定句式，“如此 以至于 ”。“a large theme park”是名词，故选A。【点评】考查状语从句，区分so.that.和such.that.用法。41【答案】A【解析】句意：他写信地址以免他忘记了。A. in case“万一，假使”；B. even if “即使，虽然”；C. on condition that “如果”；D. as long as “只要”。此处in case引导的目的状语从句，故选A。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及in case引导的目的状语从句。42【答案】D【解析】句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。A. even if“即使”；B. as if“好像”；C. now that“既然”；D. so that“为了”。it wont be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及so that引导的你目的状语从句。43【答案】whom【解析】句意：老太太有两个女儿，其中一个在国外工作。one of is working abroad是非限制性定语从句，先行词是two daughters，指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导，故填whom。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句。44【答案】who【解析】句意：这封信是我姐姐寄来的，她在北京工作。is working in Beijing 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 my sister ，在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who，故填who。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及who引导的非限制性定语从句。45【答案】that【解析】句意：我拒绝为别人的过错承担责任。was someone elses fault 是限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词something，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导，故填that。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及that引导的限制性定语从句。46【答案】what；that【解析】句意：你问警卫发生了什么事吗？是的，他告诉了我他所知道的一切。happened 是宾语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，应用what引导；he knew 是限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词all，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填what; that。【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句，本题涉及what引导的宾语从句和that引导的限制性定语从句。47【答案】that/which【解析】句意：地上的包是她的。lies on the ground 是限制性定语从句，先行词是the bag ，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 that/which，故填 that/which 。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词 that/which 引导的限制性定语从句。48【答案】which【解析】句意：爱丽丝和她的家人骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which。故填which。【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。49【答案】when；which/that【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的那一天和一起