2017年高考英语一轮总复习创新模拟题：专题12-阅读七选五.doc

专题十二　阅读七选五
模拟精选题
Passage 1　(2016·江西省重点中学盟校高三联考)
根据短文内容。从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
The world’s fastest runners come from Jamaica.In the past decade most of the sprint events have been dominated by male and female runners from the Caribbean island.Usain Bolt，Asafa Powell and Verona Campbell－Brown are among Jamaica’s world record holders and Olympic gold medalists.
__1__ In former times sprinters were poor people who came from the slums.When they saw they had talent they got scholarships at American colleges.They experienced world class training there but，nevertheless，did not feel at home.Today，Jamaica has the money to employ top coaches，so Jamaican sprinters stay at home.Here they are more relaxed and can perform better.
In Jamaica，children start running at a very early age.When they get to school，teachers and athletic coaches watch them run and walk.Then，depending on their talent they are sent to track and field clubs.__2__ At school track meets crowds of teenagers get together to compete with each other.Running is very important in Jamaica and winning a national title or a school championship is something really big. __3__
Another reason for Jamaica’s success on tracks around the world is food.A typical breakfast includes salt fish with yams，bananas and maybe a cup of tea.It contains carbohydrates which runners need to perform well.
__4__ They have long legs and little fat.Their narrow hips allow them to lift their knees higher when they run.Many scientists have been researching African and Caribbean runners in order to find out if they have a special gene that makes them faster than the others.__5__
The success of Bolt，Powell and others has triggered hype(天花乱坠的广告宣传)among Jamaican children.These are their idols and they want to be just like them
A．A tough competition may be one of the reasons why Jamaicans are so good.
B．Nutritionists argue that the diet of Jamaican children is one of the keys to success.
C．Jamaican athletes are also built differently from non－blacks.
D．Running has changed in Jamaica.
E．Most of the country’s world class runners started out in the two leading track clubs.
F．Hard training and iron will is essential to be among the best in the world.
G．However，there is no evidence of such a gene.
【语篇导读】　本文主要讲了牙买加跑步运动员跑步快的原因。
1．D　[根据后文内容可以推断出跑步使得牙买加人的生活发生了变化，所以选D项。]
2．E　[根据前后文内容，空前讲“they are sent to track and field clubs”，空后讲“At school track meets crowd...”，由此可以推断出此处选E项。]
3．A　[根据后一段中“Another reason”可知前文讲的是其中的一种原因，再结合前文内容就可以推断出此处选A项。]
4．C　[根据后文内容可知这一段讲的是牙买加运动员身体的特征，以及后文中“...they have a special gene that makes them faster than the others”。由这两点可推出此处应选C项。]
5．G　[这一段主要讲了研究人员认为基因对于牙买加运动员在跑步这一方面有一定的影响，所以此处选的也应与基因有关，所以选G项。]
Passage 2　(2016·临沂一模)
根据短文内容。从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
The days when a cellphone was used for nothing beyond calling and texting are gone.Today，we turn smart phones into magical machines with apps that transform them into musical instruments or business machines or video players.But it turns out that we are only searching the surface.Who knew that smart phones would make pretty good satellites？__1__
Smart phones forecast the weather
Networking expert Open Signal has discovered something interesting：the sensors in Android phones designed to measure battery temperature，light，pressure and 80 on can be used to generate surprisingly accurate weather reports.__2__
Smart phones save the rainforests
Detecting illegal logging(盗伐) may sound like a novel app，__3__：in Indonesia，the non－profit organization Rainforest Connection’ wants to use donated Android phones to detect illegal logging.As New scientist reports，“The phones are equipped with solar panels specifically designed to take advantage of the brief periods when light reaches the forest floor.Their microphones stay on at all time，and the software listens for the sound of a chainsaw (链锯)．”
__4__
Researchers at the university of Illinois have developed an iPhones app that turns the phone into a fully featured mobile medical lab that uses the phone’s camera to detect proteins，bacteria，viruses and other organisms.
Smart phones drive cars
Google’s self－driving cars carry around $30，000 of high－tech hardware and sensors，but students at Australia’s Griffith University think they can get the job done with a single smart phone.__5__
A．but it’s a serious business
B．Here are some uses for smart phones the makers probably didn’t imagine.
C．so it can be used to detect the sound of a chainsaw
D．It has been used in many fields
E．Get enough phones involved and you will have a weather sensing network
F．Smart phones serve as mobile medical labs
G．They have built a model that relies mainly on the phone’s camera and built—in GPS
【语篇导读】　文章给我们介绍了智能手机一些我们不太了解的新功能，如用于预报天气、监测盗伐、医疗实验、驾车定位等。
1．B　[考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲述了手机功能的发展，功能越来越多，但还有一些我们不知道的功能。B项承上启下，引出更多功能，故选B。]
2．E　[考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲手机预报天气的功能，E项涉及到预报天气并形成气象网络，符合本段意思，故选E。]
3．A　[考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲手机能监测盗伐树木功能，本句讲了盗伐热带雨林的严重性，A项符合文意，故选A。]
4．F　[考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲手机在医疗方面的应用，F项与此相符，故选F。]
5．G　[考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲智能手机的驾车功能、定位功能，G项符合文意，故选G。]
Passage 3　(2016·石嘴山市一模)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
In many countries of the world, people do what is called house sitting.It means that if owners of the house are going away, they want someone to come into their home and look after the house and maybe pets while they are away.
In Australia, many people travel.After people retire, they might buy a van and travel all over the country.__1__．
So if someone wants to travel or go away for some reason, they might want someone in their home to care for it and keep the gardens tidy.House sitters might have to care for pets.Also, quite a few people have swimming pools in their back yard and they need cleaning.__2__．I feel it is a great way of seeing the country, because you go and stay in a new city, get to meet new people, and have time to go sightseeing in a new area.
__3__．There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel, and by replying to the advertisement, you can make arrangements to go and look after their home.
There are some requirements to be a house sitter.You must be a trusted person, so that the home owner knows you will not steal anything.You must be able to go when the house owner wants you to go, so you need lots of free time.__4__．You need to be good with pets, able to care for cats and dogs, or other pets they may have.
Some house sitting jobs are just for a few days or a couple of weeks while the house owners have a short holiday.Sometimes it is for much longer.We have had one house sit for six months, while the home owner travelled to Europe.
__5__．Then you can travel to many different countries and stay there.One of the important things to get is references from the home owners where you have stayed.A reference is a written letter to say that you are trustworthy and have looked after their home well.You can show these letters to possible house sitting jobs and they know you will do a good job.
A．I have done house sitting many times.
B．Thousands of people do this all the time.
C．It is also possible to do house sitting in other countries.
D．Generally you have many opportunities to get a house sitting job.
E．You must take a little care over what your description says about you.
F．This is an international house sitting service for all city and country areas.
G．You must have a good car, so you can travel to different parts of the country.
答案　1.B　[根据前后句的内容，并结合各个选项的句子的意思，可知选B。]
2．A　[本题主要是讲述在一个家庭里面打工的，关键词是house，结合各个选项的句子的意思，可知本题要选A。]
3．D　[根据本空格后所讲述的在网上有广告等内容，可知此处讲述的是有很多这样的工作机会。故D选项与此相符。]
4．G　[本段主要讲述的是去旅游的一些基本的条件和必需物品，结合各个选项的句子的意思，因此可马上选到答案G。]
5．C　[根据本空格后一句的关键词many different countries，结合各个选项的意思，可知选C。]
Passage 4　(2016·衡阳一中月考)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Care for Your Ears?
Ears not only let us hear, but they also play a role in maintaining our balance, which is vital to our ability to function in daily life.Yet, we ignore them.We can’t even see our ears, except in a mirror.We take for granted what they do for us day in and day out—until we notice something’s wrong, such as when an earache strikes or when we start having to ask people to repeat what they say.__1__
◆Clean your ear with a washcloth—covered finger only.
Never put anything inside your ear canal, including cotton swabs (药签)．2__
◆Leave earwax(耳垢) alone.
Wax is your ear’s way of eliminating(消除) anything foreign that gets into the ear canal.__3__If you find you have too much earwax, use a few drops of earwax remover(去除剂) in the canal.After a few minutes, wash the ear with warm water.
◆Avoid noisy places.
Rock concerts and construction sites are just a few places that frequently have noise levels that can damage hearing.Any place where you have to shout to be heard should be avoided.
◆__4__
Be careful not to play MP3 too loud, especially if using earphone.
◆Be careful with illness and medications.
Respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses should be treated to avoid their spread to the ears.Certain medications can damage hearing, so follow the directions carefully before taking them.
See your doctor if you suffer from sudden hearing loss or hear noises in your head.__5__
A．Most people don’t need to clean wax out of their ears.
B．In such case, go to see a doctor as soon as possible.
C．These can be symptoms of a serious illness which needs to be treated.
D．This article will show you how to care for your ears.
E．Turn the volume(音量)down.
F．Avoid using earphones while listening to MP3.
G．Your ear canal is very narrow, and a swab can damage it.
答案　1.D　[考查对上下文语境的理解。空后列出几种护理耳朵的方法，这里选D(这篇文章会告诉你怎样护理你的耳朵。)与上下文一致。]
2．G　[考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是；不要把任何东西放进耳道里，包括棉签。所以这里选G。(你的耳道非常狭窄，一根棉签都可能会伤了它。)与上下文一致。]
3．A　[考查对上下文语境的理解。空后的意思是：如果你发现你有太多耳垢，可以向耳道中滴几滴耳垢清除剂。所以这里选A。(大部分人不需要清除耳朵中的耳垢。)与上下文一致。]
4．E　[考查对上下文语境的理解。 空后的意思是：注意不要把MP3播放器的声音调太大，特别是使用耳机时。所以这里选E。(把声音调小。)与上下文一致。]
5．C　[考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：如果你遭受忽然的听力损伤或者头脑中有大的噪音，那么要去看医生。所以这里选C。(这些可能是需要治疗的严重疾病的症状。)与上下文一致。]
Passage 5　(2016·宁夏六盘山二模)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
High school can be quite the stressful time for any student.There are numerous stresses to deal with and the pressure can be more intense as you enter your senior year.__1__The answer is as follows.
__2__Adjust your approach to your specific situation.For instance, if you’re active in your community and your school and have a large family, you may feel depressed by having all these people involved in your life on a daily basis.__3__You just may need a moment to be alone and collect your thoughts before moving on to the challenges that face you.
__4__If your stress persists and you can’t figure out a way to handle it, you may want to try speaking to your school counselor(顾问)．If you don’t feel comfortable speaking to your counselor, try getting some other types of counseling.
Realize your limits, and plan around them.Don’t take on more than you can handle.If you take on too many things, you will be spread too thin and won’t be able to perform at your best in anything.__5__You will definitely feel more at ease!
A．Seek professional counseling.
B．Why does the stress come into being?
C．Try thinking of alternative ways to deal with stress.
D．When you feel relieved, you can have a happier life.
E．Taking some time out to be alone may be the best way to handle such stress.
F．But how on earth can you reduce some of the stress?
G．Evaluate what tasks and activities are most important and leave others behind.
答案　1.F　[考查上下文的理解判断能力。前句提到进入高年级压力会加大，且根据后句后意：答案如下，可知F项正确。但是你究竟怎样才能减少压力呢？]
2．C　[考查上下文的理解判断能力。后句提到要根据具体情况调整方法，故可知解决压力时要有备用的方法。故选C。]
3．E　[考查上下文的理解判断能力。后句提到你需要有个时候独处，故可得知E项正确。]
4．A　[考查上下文的理解判断能力。根据后句you may want to try speaking to your school counselor(顾问)可知本段主要是建议寻求专家的建议。故选A。]
5．G　[考查上下文的理解判断能力。后句句意：你一定会感到轻松。故可推知G项正确。G项意为：评估什么任务和活动最重要，把其它的舍弃。]
Passage 6　(2016·河南洛阳模拟)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Advantages of Hobbies
Hobbies provide entertainment and a chance to continuously learn something new and develop a skill set.__1__
Hobbies are praised as a key to stress reduction.Becoming lost in the mental concentration or physical action which you are deeply interested in helps you shift focus from the parts of life that are stressful.__2__And in turn you are more peaceful when working on other work.
__3__Many people set goals with their hobbies that provide them satisfaction when these goals have been achieved.These goals can be simple, like improving a golf score, writing a certain number of pages for a novel each day or seeing an entire collection of classic films.
Hobbies provide a sense of community when you meet other people who enjoy similar activities.__4__More populated cities typically have numerous clubs or groups for people to share their knowledge and enthusiasm about a particular hobby. Becoming a member of one of these organizations allows greater growth within your hobby, as well as a chance to make new friends.
Having a hobby can develop a talent that makes a person feel proud and satisfied.For example, a tennis hobby developed at a young age can lead to a career as a professional athlete one day.__5__For example, writer Vladimir Nabokov also collected butterflies, which allowed him to do better in his chosen fields because he used learned skills from one to improve the other.
A．There are a variety of hobbies.
B．Hobbies also provide a sense of achievement.
C．Some hobbies affect other aspects of your life.
D．Focusing on something enjoyable can calm the mind.
E．They also provide many other social and health benefits.
F．Having a hobby increases the chances to interact with like－minded people.
G．Some hobbies containing physical activities offer an enjoyable way to stay healthy.

【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要说明拥有兴趣爱好的益处。
1．E　[上下文过渡句。本选项承接上一句来说明兴趣爱好有社交及健康方面的益处，为下文的展开做了铺垫，同时起到点明文章主旨的作用，所以选E。]
2．D　[细节支撑句。本段的主题句为“Hobbies are praised as a key to stress reduction”。下文是为主题句服务的。结合上下文可知本选项接着上一句来说明专注于喜欢的事物可以让人心情平静，并为下一句说明心情平静的好处做了铺垫，所以选D。]
3．B　[段落主旨句。根据空格后的内容可知，本段主要说明了兴趣爱好可以给人们提供一种成就感，所以选B。空格下一句中的satisfaction和achieved为解题关键。]
4．F　[细节支撑句。本选项对主旨句展开说明，说明拥有某种爱好增加了和志趣相投的人交流互动的机会，所以此处选F。]
5．C　[细节支撑句。空白前一句说到年轻时爱好网球有一天可能会成为职业网球运动员。由选项后面的举例可知一些兴趣爱好会影响到你生活的其他方面，所以选C。]
Passage 7　(2016·皖江名校联考)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Watermelon is one of the most popular and delicious summer fruits that almost everyone loves.__1__ Watermelon is also rich in dietary fiber and potassium(钾)．While there’s a strong debate over whether watermelon is a vegetable or a fruit，many of us consider watermelon to be both.If you want to learn a few amazingly interesting facts about watermelon，keep reading.
Did you know that watermelon can help you increase your brain power? The thing is，watermelon is an excellent source of Vitamin B6.__2__ Moreover，the water percentage in this delicious fruit is similar to the water percentage in the brain.
*It has a high water content __3__ According to the US