pep小六音标总结.doc

最新国际标准音标表
一、元音部分：
1、单元音：
长元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɜ:] [i:] [u:]
短元音：[ʌ] [ɒ] [ə] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ]
2、双元音：[aɪ] [eɪ] [aʊ] [əʊ] [eə] [ɪə] [ʊə] [ɔɪ]
二、辅音部分：
[p]、[b]、 [t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[f]、[v]、[s]、[z]、[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]、[tʃ]、[dʒ]
[tr]、[dr]、[ts]、[dz]、[m]、[n]、[ŋ]、[h]、[l]、[r][j]、[w]

音标总结
ar [ɑ:] farm far farther park …
[ɔ:] quarter warm
air[eə] chair hair hairdryer pair airport
ear [ɪə]dear year ear earphone near hear
[eə] bear pear
[ɜ:] learn early
ere [ɪə] here
[eə] where there
[ɜ:] were
ea [eɪ] great
[e] head sweater breakfast ready bread headache heavy
[i:] speak peach beach each please read reading-room teacher
teach eat seat tea teapot meat ice- cream Easter mean
[ɪə] really idea theatre
ee [i:] see eighteen three green sweet tree Halloween need street sweep weekend
er [ɜ:] her hers term
[ə] brother daughter father mother sister teacher number tiger after flower
or [ə] doctor visitor mirror calculator
[ɜ:] work worker word world
[ɔ:] for forty morning short sport fork horse New York order more before
ir , ur [ɜ:] bird girl birthday shirt skirt third circle thirsty thirty sir first
turn purse nurse hamburger surf Thursday hurt
igh [aɪ] night bright right light fight high height
[eɪ] eight weight
oo [ʊ] cook foot football classroom bedroom bathroom look good goodbye book bookcase storybook
[u:] food school too zoo cool room broom noodle tooth toothache afternoon soon balloon spoon moon cartoon
ou [ʌ] country countryside touch young cousin
[aʊ] cloudy shout about house housework blouse ground mountain sound trousers mouth mouse around loudly out
[əʊ] shoulder
[ʊ] should would
ow [aʊ]how down town brown flower now cow
[əʊ]row know yellow bowl window follow Halloween tomorrow show glow grow blow slow low snow snowy snowball
th [θ]mouth think thin thank theatre bathroom three third thirteen thirty thirsty anything something
[ð] brother father mother the this these that those they them their then with there than
ed [d] listened played answered … （元音、浊辅音结尾）
[t]jumped helped liked milked cooked picked washed watched danced stopped清）
[ɪd]tasted collected visited wanted planted started (t ,d 结尾)
只有一种发音的组合：ai, ay [eɪ] 如：rain ，play
al [ɔ:] all , walk talk half [ɑ:]除外
oa [əʊ] coat ,boat
ch [tʃ] chair , China school [k] 除外
ck [k] duck , clock
sh [ʃ] shirt , shoes 加上 sure [ʃ]
一般情况开音节发本音 如 辅＋元＋辅＋e 结构
a[eɪ] cake ,face , table ,grade,… have[æ]除外
e[i:] these , he, she, be, we…
i[aɪ] mine , ride , time, … give ,live[ɪ] 除外
o[əʊ] nose ,those ,hope ,… whose[u:]除外 。
其中‘o’后是m, n, v, th 不受规则影响，发[ʌ] love, some ,come，glove ，brother，mother
u[j u:] cute ,use
闭音节一般不发本音 如 辅＋元＋辅 结构
a[æ] cat ,black ,glad,…
e[e] bed , left , help , …
i[ɪ] big ,milk ,think ,…
o[ɒ] hot , stop , clock,…
u [ʌ] bus , sun ,but ,… put , pull[ʊ]除外
a前是辅音[w] 时，a发[ɒ],如：want ,what, watch ,wallet, wash
a后是字母ss , s, f , n 时 一般发[ɑ:] grass ，class ，ask ，after,…
i后是ld, nd结尾时, i 发[aɪ] 如 find kind , child ,behind ,…

练习：
A B C D
1.( ) farm farther warm dark
2.( ) hair year where airport
3.( ) bear dear near hear
4.( ) great sweater ready bread
5.( ) speak sweater please read
6.( ) street sweet head Halloween
7.( ) forty short doctor sport
8.( ) teacher her tiger flower
9.( ) horse worker word world
10.( ) brother girl nurse term
11.( ) food good zoo moon
12.( ) football look soon cook
13.( ) classroom bedroom room goodbye
14.( ) night eighty high right
15.( ) shout younger touch cousin
16.( ) countryside cloudy house around
17.( ) flower grow town cow
18.( ) bowl follow down snow
19.( ) those third thank thin
20.( ) mother there these thirsty
21.( ) wanted milked washed watched
22.( ) played watered listened jumped
23.( ) play draw way rain
24.( )coat boat goat blouse
25.( )chair school watch child
26.( )shirt sure show sunny
27.( )late cake rabbit make
28.( )have face map apple
29.( )leg vest these desk
30.( )mine live write time
31.( )big it little kite
32.( )home nose some hope
33.( )got mother lot clock
34.( ) most love brother glove
35.( )but student duck must

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