环境英语证书考试(PEC)-给排水词汇.doc

环境英语证书考试（PEC）-给排水词汇Distribution system分配系统Grid system 环状管网ring system环状管网loop feeder 环状管网branching system 枝状管网combination system 联合管网（combined system）Topography地形学，地形，地貌，地势dead end死水点feeder 给水管，进料器Elevation地面标高valve 阀门，真空管water supply 给水，自来水，供水系统service reservoir 配水池（调节水池）pump 泵storage element （储水）构筑物70m head 70米水柱leakage rate 泄漏量（泄漏率）hydraulic 水力的，水压的hydraulic analysis 水力分析field measurement 现场测量（实测）field date 实测数据key point管网节点pipe junctions 管网节点node （key point, junction）节点sign convention符号规约positive clockwise 取顺时针方向为正head loss 水头损失iterative solution 迭代解loop method 环路法flow, runoff, discharge 流量Sanitary 环境卫生的（尤指清除废物）Sewer 下水道，污水管Sanitary sewer 生活污水管道Connection连接管，排出管Cast-iron pipe 铸铁管（补充内容）PVC 聚氯乙烯Grade line 坡度线slope 倾斜度，坡度collecting sewer 污水支管Interceptor 截流污水管（intercepting sewer）Domestic民用的，生活的Manhole 人孔，检查井drainage 排污系统，排水装置，下水道sewerage system 污水工程系统invert 管道内底Pump station 泵站Contaminant 污染物ground water 地下水surface water 地表水wastewater 污废水Floating materials漂浮物suspended materials悬浮物Colloidal materials 胶体物质colloidal particles 胶体微粒Dissolved materials 溶解物质Dissolved gases 溶解气体Microorganisms微生物（microbe）organic and inorganic constituents 有机和无机成分hardness-ion 硬度离子hardness 硬度carbon dioxide二氧化碳hydrogen sulfide 硫化氢Alga(algae) 水藻，藻类Clay 粘土 silt泥沙，淤泥pathogenic病原体，致病菌，病原菌Bacteria 细菌Ammonia 氨，氨水Methane gas甲烷，沼气turbidity 浊度taste 味odor 臭drinking water 饮用水water sample 水样suspension 悬浮液turbidity unit (TU) 浊度单位turbidimeter 浊度表，浊度仪Solubility 溶度，溶解性Metabolism 新陈代谢standard color solution 标准比色液threshold odor number 臭阈值boiler feed water 锅炉给水boiler water supply锅炉给水demineralize 去除矿物质scale deposit 水垢，积垢Outfall 出水口，排水口chemical clarification 化学（法）澄清coagulation 混凝 coagulant 混凝剂sedimentation 沉淀filtration 过滤disinfection 消毒synthetic polymer 合成聚合物Activated carbon 活性炭Chlorine 氯sedimentation basin 沉淀池oxidize 使氧化，使生锈soften 软化settle-able 会沉淀的Aeration 通风，曝气plain settling 自由沉淀detention time 滞留时间Flocculation 絮凝Flocs 絮凝体coagulant aid 助凝剂 (flocculation aid) natural alkalinity 自然碱度high-molecular compound 高分子化合物jar test 烧杯实验Centrifugal 离心的low-lift pump 低扬程水泵suction line 吸入管线索impeller 叶轮pump casing 泵壳Paddle-type flocculator 桨板式絮凝器（池）Clarifier 澄清池up flow clarifier 升流式澄清池contact tank 接触反应池Sedimentation basins 沉淀池inlet baffle 进水挡板effluent weir 出水堰tube settler 管式沉淀池influent flow 入流reaction jet structure 喷流结构finger launder 指形槽结构effluent launder 出流槽cross baffle 横向挡板settling tank 沉淀池（settler）aqueous suspension 水悬浮液shallower basin 浅池parallel-plate settler 斜板沉淀池tube settler 斜管沉淀池feed rate 这里指水流速度laminar flow 层流filter medium 过滤介质（滤料）anthracite 无烟煤mixed-media 复合滤料back-wash 反冲洗hydraulic grading水力分级High-Rate Sedimentation Basins 高效澄清池Slow and Rapid Sand Filter慢砂滤池和快砂滤池Mixed-media Filter 复合滤料滤池specific gravity 比重filter cycle 过滤周期oxidation potential 氧化电势，氧化性reduction potential 还原电势，还原性ozone 臭氧Oxidant 氧化剂Reducer 还原剂germicidal property杀菌能力（germicide杀菌剂）molecular weight 分子量Halogen 卤素pilot 试验性的Chlorination 氯化，用氯处理water-borne disease 水传播病THMS 三卤甲烷breakpoint chlorination 折点加氯breakpoint dosage折点剂量free (available) chlorine 自由性氯chlorine demand 需氯量combined chlorine 化合性氯Water Pollution水污染Organic wastes有机废物municipal waste 市政污水Dissolved oxygen 溶解氧（DO）slightly soluble 微溶于水的Saturation 饱和状态saturation concentration 饱和浓度biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)生化需氧量pollutant 污染物Biodegradable 可生物降解的chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量oxidizing agent 氧化剂wastewater treatment plant 污水处理厂total suspended solids （TSS）总悬浮固体mixed liquor suspended-solids(MLSS) 混合液悬浮固体浓度volatile suspended solids (VSS) 挥发性固体wastewater analysis 污水水质分析water pollution control水污染控制Anaerobic 厌氧菌的，厌氧引起的Aerobic 需氧的，好氧的Primary treatment 一级处理screen 格栅grit chamber 沉砂池settler 沉淀池V-notch weir三角堰primary clarifier 初沉池turbulence 紊流primary effluent 一级出水secondary treatment 二级处理biological treatment system 生物处理系统activated-sludge system 活性污泥系统aeration basin 曝气池return activated sludge （RAS）回流污泥air diffuser 空气扩散器step aeration activated-sludge process 阶段曝气活性污泥法BOD-SS loading BOD污泥负荷mixed liquor suspended-solids(MLSS) 混合液悬浮固体浓度sequential batch reactor (SBR) 序批式（间歇式）活性污泥法primary clarifier 初沉池secondary clarifier 二沉池Sludge treatment 污泥处理volume reduction 减量化Sludge thickening 污泥浓缩gravity thickener重力浓缩池sludge scraper 刮泥器 Sludge digestion 污泥消化methane-forming bacteria产甲烷菌