阀门专业术语.doc

阀门专业术语一 阀门的定义：: h0 L7 I: , E- c S“阀”的定义是在流体系统中，用来控制流体的方向、压力、流量的装置。阀门是使配管和设备内的介质（液体、气体、粉末）流动或停止、并能控制其流量的装置。* O5 k0 L1 b: s6 n, h3 O二 根据启闭阀门的作用不同，阀门的分类方法很多，这里介绍下列几种。1. 按作用和用途分类& F: MP# E. z q* f3 q+ a(1) 截断阀：截断阀又称闭路阀，其作用是接通或截断管路中的介质。截断阀类包括闸阀、截止阀、旋塞阀、球阀、蝶阀和隔膜等。(2) 止回阀：止回阀又称单向阀或逆止阀，其作用是防止管路中的介质倒流。水泵吸水关的底阀也属于止回阀类。(3) 安全阀：安全阀类的作用是防止管路或装置中的介质压力超过规定数值，从而达到安全保护的目的。* R, F4 i: yl* V(4) 调节阀：调节阀类包括调节阀、节流阀和减压阀，其作用是调节介质的压力、流量等叁数。9 k4 ?* r$ _( & A& K0 g(5) 分流阀：分流阀类包括各种分配阀和疏水阀等，其作用是分配、分离或混合管路中的介质。2. 按公称压力分类0 D8 D, o9 m/ c, R0 I(1) 真空阀：指工作压力低于标准大气压的阀门。(2) 低压阀：指公称压力PN 1.6Mpa 的阀门。(3) 中压阀：指公称压力PN 为2.5、4.0、6.4Mpa的阀门。4 X2 c3 I2 y0 W) # , (4) 高压阀：指工称压力PN 为1080Mpa的阀门。; zK! $ r5 Z/ k H0 u(5) 超高压阀：指公称压力 PN100Mpa的阀门。7 v& wR/ x5 g! e, A4 s. B3. 按工作温度分类(1) 超低温阀：用于介质工作温度 t450的阀门。4. 按驱动方式分类(1) 自动阀是指不需要外力驱动，而是依靠介质自身的能量来使阀门动作的阀门。如安全阀、减压阀、疏水阀、止回阀、自动调节阀等。(2) 动力驱动阀：动力驱动阀可以利用各种动力源进行驱动。5 C% H( b) D4 J4 b电动阀：借助电力驱动的阀门。气动阀：借助压缩空气驱动的阀门。) o+ l& h7 M6 K! r& % O液动阀：借助油等液体压力驱动的阀门。) F- s: m) a& A8 I& I此外还有以上几种驱动方式的组合，如气-电动阀等。(3) 手动阀：手动阀借助手轮、手柄、杠杆、链轮，由人力来操纵阀门动作。当阀门启闭力矩较大时，可在手轮和阀杆之间设置此轮或蜗轮减速器。必要时，也可以利用万向接头及传动轴进行远距离操作。综上所述，阀门分类方法是很多的，但主要是按其在管路中所起的作用进行分类。工业和民用工程中的通用阀门可分成11类，即闸阀、截止阀、旋塞阀、球阀、蝶阀、 隔膜阀、止回阀、节流阀、安全阀、减压阀和疏水阀。其他特殊阀门，如仪表用阀、液压控制管路系统用阀，各种化工机械设备本体用阀等，均不在本书介绍范围以内。5. 按公称通径分类(1)小通径阀门：公称通径DN40mm的阀门。(2)中通径阀门：公称通径DN为50300mm的阀门。7 I G) H- 2 H(3)大通径阀门：公称阀门DN为3501200mm的阀门。(4)特大通径阀门：公称通径DN1400mm的阀门。, i; , g+ _ Q8 ?( L p( H6. 按结构特征分类(1)截门形：启闭件(阀瓣)由阀杆带动沿着阀座中心线作升降运动；(2)旋塞形：启闭件(闸阀)由阀杆带动沿着垂直于阀座中心线作升降运动；/ d! z$ 3 l6 L1 x/ O$ X* (3)旋塞阀：启闭件(锥塞或球) 围绕自身中心线旋转；(4)旋启阀：启闭件(阀瓣) 围绕座外的轴旋转；(5)蝶行：启闭件(圆盘) 围绕阀座内的固定轴旋转；+ k4 S$ T3 T Y# h n7 f1 U(6)滑阀行：启闭件在垂直于通道的方向滑动。2 r* F) A6 G) k7. 按连接方法分类8 I r+ J! D; Y: r# ?4 y(1)螺纹连接阀门：阀体带有内螺纹或外螺纹，与管道螺纹连接。(2)法兰连接阀门：阀体带有法兰，与管道法兰连接。(3)焊接连接阀门：阀体带有焊接坡口，与管道焊接连接。4 G3 W7 Q! e# n# Q. Y3 0 e- 7 F(4)卡箍连接阀门：阀体带有夹口，与管道夹箍连接。5 i8 ?3 F! Z; x2 T1 _$ s(5)卡套连接阀门：与管道采用卡套连接。1 e P$ U8 ?: W/ H(6)对夹连接阀门：用螺栓直接将阀门及两头管道穿夹在一起的连接形式。8 l# b% T3 W7 t! h- 8. 按阀体材料分类) l+ o F5 X1 a3 L4 _(1)金属材料阀门：其阀体等零件由金属材料制成。如铸铁阀、碳钢阀、合金钢阀、铜合金阀、铝合金阀、铅合金阀、钛合金阀、蒙乃尔合金阀等。(2)非金属材料阀门：其阀体等零件由非金属材料制成。如塑料阀、陶 阀、搪 阀、玻璃钢阀等。4 Bz8 g& _9 |& o(3)金属阀体衬里阀门：阀体外形为金属，内部凡与介质接触的主要表面均为衬里，如衬胶阀、 衬塑料阀、衬陶阀等。4 m+ r9 n1 s5 U. E- x, I# G1 7 u0 q4 B* N( P: B( _/ B. a0 M阀门 valve lead; valve7 |/ g! + Y$ h4 v/ 1 R阀门扳手 valve key阀门操纵程序 valve management program. h0 - L. u8 t8 n! U阀门尺寸 valve size阀门的研磨 grinding-in of valve阀门垫圈 valve washer u, |% e0 6 ?阀门定位器 pneumatic servo; valve positioner O# Q8 G9 b9 I: u p v U阀门定位伺服回路 valve positioning servo loop) l7 e7 J5 G4 f3 阀门杆 valve lever阀门杆导路 guide for the valve rod9 ! X* j: 0 8 r# v5 c% t) s: i阀门钢 valve steel1 o+ S9 A# z2 F t7 ) N阀门活塞 valve piston阀门间隙 valve clearance6 n7 v$ R3 X) B7 S阀门键 valve key阀门开度 valve opening. T, h0 g& fB( I: J. c9 j5 j4 k阀门控制 valve control阀门控制机构 valve control mechanism阀门密封 valve seal阀门磨床 valve grinding machine阀门碰撞 knocking of the valve阀门切换型蓄热式 heat accumulating type of shift change阀门升程 valve lift0 h f; T# m4 9 P1 t; N阀门式给水栓 gate-type hydrant r; R6 L+ m w: 6 m6 J x- hV阀门式消防龙头 gate-type hydrant. ?# D0 |+ H7 R+ | O$ 阀门室 valve box阀门手轮 valve handle阀门铣床 valve milling machine- S. e k& F$ 0 Q阀门箱 valve box) ! Z, x# T8 V L& I1 l4 ! u阀门型式 valve type: mV D+ e- . W5 T* d阀门座 valve seatadjusting valve( J. |& O! s& ?4 E( V调整阀, 调节阀admission valve3 s# H6 A8 s b7 J进气阀; 进浆阀agitating valve$ y4 p/ a+ w5 P搅拌桨air valve(空)气阀air admission valve8 a7 U$ - c6 R5 ?- q1 S进气阀3 nq1 v% F% T! g0 Zm9 zair bleed(ing) valve2 Y2 U F4 X l; h$ x7 T排气阀; 排气嘴air control valve2 R% q* P h0 Y, c空调阀1 G+ R8 p* F0 h a, F3 % ) Sair cylinder valve3 i2 8 W/ C; K8 E! b气筒阀air escape valve泄气阀air inlet valve (=air intake valve)$ W8 p2 y, n, s+ D8 w进气阀; 进风阀air pilot valve! a. 4 b8 n1 R5 t: d- f D空气导向阀air pressure governor valve风压调压阀air relay valve/ d! o& F7 G9 a; & F1 C9 L空气中继阀air release valve (=air relief valve)排气阀; 放空阀B J A% e. 5 F+ ?: _1 rair reversing valve& i% q7 ?$ ( ( + w空气换向阀air shut-off valve空气关闭阀air signal reducing valve$ 2 . Y$ p% C- J空气信号减压阀air slide valve0 l6 Q; F+ O& H& D3 S, g空气分配阀air starting (control) valve8 B) k) U1 ?6 y1 G, N% c空气起动(控制)阀air straining check valve空气滤尘止回阀air vent valve# i$ f% 9 C# E- i5 E# v气动调压阀, 排气阀6 F) k2 2 m0 d5 eair-actuated direction valve气动控制换向阀air-compressor valve# P) V% N- y3 b6 Y7 N$ I空气压缩机阀门8 C3 f/ r# K O* s- z, C! ?air-operated valve气动阀air-operated reversing valve气动换向阀, # E$ q. v9 j8 p9 N$ y1 S& Uair-vacuum change-over valve空真转换阀air-vacuum proportional valve空真比例阀air-vacuum two way valve空真二位阀alarm valve报警阀Allan valve X4 t# g2 R8 p: G$ L阿伦滑阀altitude valve【航空】高度阀(航空发动机汽化器的可调整阀)ammonia valve! k! n2 J5 g4 C6 q【工】氨阀, V& mr5 j+ n: angle valve% R! u& p* o7 f3 v. / ? D q角阀angle back-pressure valve背压角阀6 e$ T9 f R- I# i+ L& dzangle globe valve折角球形阀+ p/ J7 $ J* hangle stop valve弯形止阀, 折角止阀* 9 R8 $ d+ angle water valve折角水阀: j6 A4 r) u+ W2 V0 a1 F% _! _3 annular ring valve环形阀; 环状阀 j; W0 R6 v* V8 K; J& l Tanti-g valve& y( H! / w! e9 u- J+ T【航空】防超重活门, 抗重力阀 G1 m* y L5 ?& 5 u9 z/ ?2 Mantisurge valve. D) / e& _: u! U【航空】防喘振活门application valve9 x/ J6 I6 c: W) x+ k0 x作用阀, 控制阀8 L$ _$ F* s6 M0 S( q% o% oapplication pilot valve8 l( o- m% L$ ) a0 y6 C9 N& O作用导阀ashpan blower valve灰盘吹风阀$ d3 X4 . a# R. ?Askania valve4 V U2 u2 p4 G4 i; 9 T: i射流管阀atmos valve (=atmospheric valve)大气阀, 空气阀; 放空阀+ v5 d9 D1 _& h7 o9 p3 $ 3 yauto tyre valve汽车胎的汽门autocontrol valve LY- F5 t) Z( Y% 自动控制阀automatic valve自动阀automatic air valve) Y; 5 N8 V7 s9 E自动空气阀automatic brake valve& N+ e6 z5 X( J: n9 M: u/ 自动制动阀automatic control valve自动控制阀automatic cutout valve L) F5 ?0 a, U i; k! q J L1 R自动切断阀门: o. S. H3 p3 p2 Hautomatic delivery control valve自动输送控制阀* Y g+ ?0 f9 Hautomatic drain valve! A8 Z, j1 e6 H* k, + i9 4 自动排水阀automatic expansion valve(定压式)自动膨胀阀automatic gas sampling valve自动气体进样阀 ?- 7 h7 k$ Q0 B, L5 L3 jautomatic reducing valve自动减压阀(高速制动机)- _: Q- u) i( Q9 o $ 8 cautomatic regulating valve/ zL: z) o! f自动调节阀automatic spring loaded valve z J* L1 / a F! M. v自动弹簧阀automatic supplementary air valve自动补充(空)气阀7 E8 b/ H3 p5 w$ q5 A. pautomatic unloading valve自动卸载阀automatic water level valve N# |, VZ+ P. f, $ 7 m自动水准阀0 F* L/ 1 ; Z+ a; zG* oautomatically operated valve) x6 J; |4 j4 H i3 G自动操作阀automatic-control servo valve自动控制伺服阀auxiliary valveG. |! w$ P$ n( 4 V辅助阀(暖汽调整阀用)auxiliary changeover valve I) g9 K, 6 r( N/ p辅助切换阀back valve回动阀, 止回阀, 逆止阀, 单向阀0 I8 Z- R2 M G1 Fbackflush valve反冲阀backlash valve/ A( i8 L3 P& S$ m1 , s无游隙阀门# H2 h+ F( L1 ! _* back-pressure valve: Y. N& P5 u j/ S止回阀3 a4 c/ 5 H8 |, rback-up valve列车后端制动阀balance valve/ U; f& T/ 3 g1 H7 Z+ c G, a平衡阀, 均压阀4 q5 w3 D+ L9 i) cbalance pressure reducing valve* , M, v5 z. r V|7 S平衡减压阀balance slide valve平衡滑阀balanced distribution valve* j2 N I6 P0 B+ u3 K+ z平衡配气阀balanced safety valve平衡式安全阀(可变动背压). L7 I8 k$ e( 6 S0 q( o5 z: Eball valve% Y2 Y( f+ K# b. v7 g3 L3 l% |& 球阀, 弹子阀* Z m4 I; z- L- q, v+ uball check valve& B, H: s$ G0 Y6 e止回球阀, 球形节流阀ball float valve2 - K; n; 4 O) sp2 a& n浮子阀, 浮球阀% M8 m a, H9 M6 Zball non-return valve! B& e( x|) v. v: K球形止回阀ball relief valve7 / ) l d, o# n* _球形安全阀ball safety valve球形安全阀ball stop valve4 : o0 U1 k8 O- M. A( ?5 N球形止阀# Uy2 z* H- : 0 vball-and-lever valve杠杆球阀1 y& g3 O, y: v3 ; _9 / Bbell valve _8 I0 Q+ |; H( Q) a. E钟形阀, 装料钟. q0 N: v! e, c0 ibellows valve波纹管阀a; B+ , A* v7 i! kb$ cbellows-operated pilot valve膜盒控制导阀, 膜盒导引阀) a) : ?+ y, R* f$ d) Jbevel seat valve斜座阀, 角阀) d: G9 _9 z4 e0 R* Jbiased valve承载阀- O! 1 n# r3 A8 7 ubigrid valve双栅管. kS# _* f$ Cblast furnace gas valve8 j# M0 Q1 y: q4 Y1 u, G n8 a( C6 p高炉煤气阀blast regulation valve g! K7 X4 I5 Co6 E% / # L通风调节阀, t0 o# a1 X Vbleed valve排出阀; 放泄阀/ s, z x8 iV+ p0 C7 e) l8 cbleeder valve放液阀, 放水阀3 V- c( h w! v8 Sblock valve e& ?& k W |2 T; ?隔断阀+ h4 A/ Q/ O( c1 b4 dblocking valve闭塞阀2 T. O Z* e$ l0 ?blow valve5 S* k8 U+ E& E+ O( h通风阀, 安全阀, 放空阀. , 6 u0 A# O Zblow-down valve排气阀blower valve鼓风机阀/ x / ; ?- _8 ) S5 _/ Wblower drain valve鼓风机放泄阀* s: N& ?6 _$ w% Sblower regulation valve通风调节阀 I( f# O6 O* Z+ Q2 x/ I. ( nblow-off valve排出泄阀, 放泄空阀, 喷放阀9 V: N: A% ?, s! M$ nbblowout valve排气管, 排出阀boiler check valve+ C( F) L8 V# b/ 锅炉止回阀boiler feed valve锅炉给水阀bonnet valve帽状阀$ jb d, Z2 k* A6 w% G9 Mgbottom valve底阀6 _: u( F( e7 * qbottom drain valve底部放泄阀; R1 I2 y; D- s* o2 F K5 Jbrachial valve腕瓣( T$ ) : O - Q9 Rbrake valve制动阀brake application valve6 2 G6 F. m: I制动作用阀: j E4 y W ! f% G6 y- _brake application magnet valve电磁制动阀/ d1 g R- c+ N, E# rbrake control valve v. q; S9 L2 y2 I8 / S制动控制阀: J: i0 E6 M j( E: D f& hbrake cylinder release valve3 A* J# i3 _+ R1 m制动缸缓解阀, 制动缸放风阀brake metering valve制动调节阀% n! Z# S& x4 l& hbrake pipe compensating valve( y+ H& | p5 x* q4 V制动管补偿阀brake release magnet valve1 # wH! . X; A( G缓解电磁阀brake-field valve: F) M1 9 v- ?0 V7 r3 K正栅管brass valve黄铜阀6 x5 v, g5 G& Ebrass-fitted cast-iron valve黄铜配制铸铁阀& y9 A+ q- n) h; _: ?brass-trimmed valve5 Q( 1 F: 0 n R! S) G黄铜配制阀# t g. E. b6 1 W+ fbreather valve通气阀, 呼吸阀breathing valve1 B9 U; : + b, 9 f9 J- k呼吸瓣breathing type safety valve呼吸式安全阀(罐车)bright emitter valve白炽灯丝电子管, 钨丝电子管0 5 B4 G( H) 0 c+ hbrine retaining valve/ A5 O E4 n8 , x! T! ) n盐水箱保持阀4 x+ + V0 7 c% O( abucket valve活塞阀buffer change valve缓变阀building block valve1 z, : s% d2 j+ E; R0 y+ x积木式阀, 集成阀built-in check valve内装式单向阀bullet valve9 ?8 K% Ka* a球阀& i6 S. E, h: k, r. v4 lburied valve with key液下控制阀5 e7 c5 4 o0 G8 X& _ M# nbutterfly valve蝶形阀butterfly control valve6 P1 z4 W3 Q# Y1 Q4 k蝶形控制阀butterfly throttle valve蝶形节流阀# Q( H- $ c: % c5 Oby-pass valve; c. C! C?* 8 ) F旁通阀, 辅助阀, 回流阀by-path valve旁通阀, 辅助阀, 回流阀cab turret valve蒸汽塔总汽门6 - / P_* V1 _; N2 q6 x: K# zcaboose valve8 L2 Q% j0 e. c( X守车阀. + W1 d8 P5 j! t2 S?; g: U6 icage type valve笼形阀0 o: F) t+ l4 S1 h8 4 Gcam-operated valve凸轮控制阀3 H* V / b9 A6 v7 _0 capless tyre valve& Z! 5 # W* $ r- I2 ! D! C无帽胎阀car discharge valve3 f3 C- D: % H! W) n9 a4 车辆放风阀, x2 G0 gS1 l. zcar signal valve6 ?. ?: V0 c$ 5 N9 Y1 R6 O车辆信号阀, 车辆放风阀cardiac valve5 f* e3 E6 L4 f2 g# u. 【解】贲门瓣) D- o9 U# XIS$ f# E4 4 tcartridge inserted valveq0 T4 ) Y1 T筒式插装式阀, 插装阀1 Y ! X: c% C+ z7 p2 ncement valve【机】水泥止回阀2 U9 / K+ U$ u5 q) ucenter valve* ?. & T, z* A* 5 e8 u中心阀1 y8 p: O: X. a+ L4 w7 Yj4 M3 ccentre bypass valve& C) vE, a, w* _中间位置旁通的换向阀, M型机能换向阀centre spool valve中心柱形阀centrifugal saw plate valve* _ h) D: 7 QT离心机的圆盘保险(溢流)阀 M7 3 n+ G centrifugal type injection valve离心式喷射阀change valve换向阀, 三通阀# e* K9 e3 - j9 k* ! vchangeover valve( y$ v0 T# H4 ; e 活页阀, _1 d% # q, g- o/ V. / # a0 R旋转阀, 转换阀3 A, 3 R$ j k, T9 y e9 E多向阀charge valve充气阀, 加载阀, 加液阀8 J- p, C6 r6 y1 H9 Lcharging valve, ?. V1 I t9 Q充气阀, 加载阀, 加液阀charging check valve充气止回阀check valve8 o, v, i h2 o U单向阀, 止回阀, 防逆阀+ d& a6 T+ Jy- t; P检验阀chimney valve烟道阀choke valve阻风门choker checkvalve阻气单向阀, k4 G5 K) r6 f. l* g$ p4 acindervalve阻气单向阀cindervalve+ j( o6 y2 M3 C卸灰阀; 5 M* V1 Z* Z. c u! x$ zCineston controller brake valve1 1 I0 C9 5 A7 R# NV3 S; T e+ 钦式控制制动联合阀 (用于地下铁道), h) K( D+ G S2 j2 Vcirculating-water valve循环水阀circulation valve, g4 f, f# D/ P9 w1 ? _2 I环流阀. k8 # # d6 e4 L: gclack valve止回阀clapper valve瓣阀- h D5 L5 q+ R& Qclock valve) E3 8 p2 d3 d- d2 G5 |: N* & t单向绞链阀5 a6 - r) x/ 4 J/ k7 fclosed center valve& e7 o! P7 h 3 x7 r# k4 中间位置封闭的阀(方向阀); 闭中心阀) e, O( d$ I) Oclosed crossover valve正遮盖的换向阀) Z& Z. a# % $ z/ R$ IKclosed exhaust valve. H s$ K$ m; Z- W密闭排气阀closed-type fuel valve密闭形燃油阀closing valve隔离阀, 节制阀, 隔断阀, 停汽阀clutch application valve离合器作用阀3 Rc A! N; L) Dclutch temperature adjusting valve3 l1 P( Ao; G$ D离合器温度调节阀coasting valve滑行阀, 惯性运动阀, S0 X1 # V1 v7 y4 w. ucoaxial valve同轴管阀( K6 u- w- C& g7 S, u3 k6 Y% ycold water stop valve$ l6 J. O( i7 ; i. ( b凉水止阀column valve柱阀column shut-off valve J0 b8 9 c5 a# Q) 1 e4 2 j5 j柱关闭阀column switching valve柱转换阀3 c/ |8 k& i; zR2 L. Ocombination valve& F& P4 w5 D$ E+ W组合阀& 4 y* a5 F, o. u9 |5 |) lcombination sliding and rotary spool valve/ e6 j% c, j3 L6 _2 L* U又移动又旋转的圆柱滑阀! u, H- c2 e( V9 jcombined inlet-outlet valve进出组合阀4 3 E2 x+ e5 |; m2 q4 ?. Scombined reheat (stop and intercept) valve* l U H/ d u2 u再热联合汽门, 中压联合汽门5 A5 K6 ?) m0 l, combined strainer and check valve* ?8 H% k: S1 i! t! L/ W混合滤尘止回阀: _. d& D5 s! Q2 E. k- hcommon slide valve s/ D6 a+ ; J普通滑阀compensated flow control valve4 O: W3 X- d: O3 o6 B8 B. |& f带压力补偿的流量控制阀$ b4 S6 5 L6 R调速阀compensated relief valve平衡式溢流阀compensating valve补偿阀$ Y) h) X6 : Qcompensating air valve9 K$ s/ C 3 s9 q& w补充空气阀, 补偿气阀, 平衡气阀( 7 O$ U; q U4 , Y2 ucompensation valve* o& B9 W1 A- p平衡阀, 补偿阀1 u5 u U8 |! I# Ncompression valve(减振器的)压缩行程阀compression release valve7 K- L8 M5 F0 o5 x9 / m7 s减压阀. Y. i: k8 W7 I# Z/ ncompressor valve压气机气门concentric valve6 _. S9 U$ I2 M- j+ C5 D5 z同心阀. X/ P8 P; p: X2 condensate valve凝结水阀f- e$ i, 3 L. A+ m9 Icondenser valve凝汽阀condenser level control valve2 t2 j* m l: k凝汽器水位调节阀4 t! O) B: U% x$ g1 fcondenser relief valve( Jz& u% D7 q& K6 凝气器安全阀1 r+ ? j0 d, o+ f4 conductors valve; T( 4 M8 s% s车长阀, 紧急制动阀3 f7 O/ 3 F+ C- w1 |! Hcone valve锥形阀cone-way valve单向阀conical valve; a5 w: E, a6 * I7 t# Z; o锥形阀conical seat valve锥形座阀! F! p6 w/ j; C* E I( j: Econstan