吃汤泡饭易导致消化机能减退).doc

研究表明，人在进食时，首先会在口腔内进行初步的消化。坚硬的牙齿如同一部巧妙的“粉碎机”，将大块食物切磨成细小颗粒，同时唾液腺不断分泌唾液，舌头不断搅拌使食物和唾液充分混合。唾液中的淀粉酶能使淀粉分解成甘甜爽口的麦芽糖，便于胃肠进一步消化吸收。同时，食物会刺激舌的味觉神经，反射性传到大脑，使大脑发出信息，“通知”胃、肠、胰腺等部位做好接受食物的准备。接到“命令”后，胃、肠、胰液相继分泌，胃肠蠕动增强，从而加速胃肠道对食物营养的消化吸收。
　　汤泡饭看上去跟粥很像，但两者有本质的区别。粥经过熬制，米粒完全崩解，和水充分亲和并融为一体，所以不需要多咀嚼就很好消化。而泡饭中的米粒没有完全崩解，泡进汤中也不会达到粥的状态，需要嚼烂后，才能在胃中变成食糜。但很多人吃泡饭时基本上没怎么咀嚼就咽了下去。所以吃“汤泡饭”时，感觉“嚼不烂”。胃功能强的人还好，对于胃本来就比较弱的人，汤泡饭就是一个很大的负担。食物没有经过充分咀嚼，唾液分泌得少，与食物混合搅拌不均匀，淀粉酶也会被汤水稀释。再加上味觉神经没有受到应有的刺激，胃肠道反射性的消化液分泌也有所减少。因此，食物的消化将受到影响，营养素也吸收不完全。
　　对处于生长发育期的孩子来说，吃泡饭危害更甚。因为长期食用泡饭不仅妨碍胃肠的消化吸收功能，还会使咀嚼功能减退，使咀嚼肌萎缩，严重者还会影响成年后的脸型。同时，吃泡饭还容易让孩子养成囫囵吞枣的不良饮食习惯。
　　老年人也不应该吃泡饭，有医学研究发现，咀嚼时通过颌关节运动，可使脑血液循环加速，畅通的血液循环又能增强大脑皮质的活化，从而有利于预防脑萎缩和老年痴呆。所以，老年人缺牙齿应及早镶上，以恢复咀嚼功能，不能长期因缺牙而吃泡饭。
　　这里还要特别提及的是两个区别：
　　第一，饭前喝汤和吃泡饭是两回事，要区别开来。饭前少量喝汤，不但能湿润口腔和食道，并能刺激口腔和胃产生唾液和胃液，有助于消化。

　　第二，吃稀饭和泡饭也不同，因为稀饭质地较细，经水煮后，淀粉已分解成容易被胃肠所吸收的糊精，不会影响消化功能。
因此，建议吃汤泡饭时多嚼几下，把米饭充分嚼碎，这样不但能减轻肠胃负担保护肠胃，还有利于汤泡饭中的营养素被充分吸收。同时，不论吃什么食物，都要养成细嚼慢咽的好习惯。

Research shows that, in eating, will first conduct a preliminary digestion in oral cavity.Hard teeth like a clever "crusher", will cut large pieces of food into small particles, at the same time keep the salivary glands secrete saliva, tongue constantly stirring so full of food and saliva mixed. Amylase in the saliva can make starch into sweet taste of maltose, further to facilitate gastrointestinal absorption. At the same time, food willstimulate the tongue taste nerve, reflex to the brain, the brain sends information, the "notice" the stomach, intestine, pancreas and other parts do accept food preparation.Receiving the "command", stomach, intestinal, pancreatic juice secretion in succession, gastrointestinal peristalsis enhancement, thus acceleratinggastrointestinal digestion and absorption of food and nutrition.
Rice served in soup looked like gruel like, but there are essential differences between the two. After brewed rice porridge, completely disintegrated, and water sufficientaffinity and com., so there is no need to chew more good digestion. And in rice paofannot fully disintegrated, soak in the soup will not reach the status of porridge, need to become chewed, digesta in the stomach. But many people eat paofan is basically didn't chew swallow it down. So eat "rice served in soup", feel "chew". Gastric functionstrong people are OK, the stomach is weak, rice served in soup is a great burden.The food has not been fully chewing, saliva secretion less, and uneven mixing of food,amylase will be diluted soup. Plus the gustatory nerve has not received properstimulation, gastrointestinal fluids reflex secretion decreased. Therefore, the digestion of the food will be affected, nutrients are not completely absorbed.
In the period of growth and development of children, eat paofan harm more very.Because of the long-term consumption paofan not only interfere with the function of gastrointestinal digestion and absorption, but also makes chewing dysfunction, themasticatory muscle atrophy, serious person can also affect the adult's face. At the same time, eat Pao fan also easy to let children develop bad eating habits read hastily and without thinking.
Old people should not eat Pao fan, a medical study found that, when chewed through the jaw joint motion, can make cerebral blood circulation acceleration, smooth blood circulation and can enhance the activation of the cerebral cortex, which is conducive to the prevention of cerebral atrophy and senile dementia. Therefore, the elderlyshould as soon as possible with missing teeth, to restore the masticatory function, not long-term because of missing teeth and eat rice soup.
It is particularly mentioned the two difference:
First, the soup before meals and eat paofan is different, the difference between. A small amount of soup before meals, not only can wet the mouth and esophagus, and can stimulate saliva and gastric juice produced in oral and stomach, helps digestion.
Second, eat Rice porridge and rice soup is also different, because Rice porridgetexture is fine, after boiling, the starch has been broken down into easily absorbed by gastrointestinal dextrin, digestive function will not be affected.
Therefore, advice to eat rice served in soup when chewed, the Steamed Rice fullychew, such not only can reduce the burden on the stomach, protect the stomach, but also conducive to the rice served in soup of the nutrients are fully absorbed. At the same time, no matter what food to eat, must form the good habit of chewing food thoroughly.