常见习语集锦.doc

口英语常见习语集锦
英语习语是英语中使用最普遍、表达力最强、
文化内涵最丰富的一部分，包括成语、谚语、格
言、典故、俚语、俗语、歇后语等，是英语语言
的精粹。准确掌握英语中的习语，能帮助同学们
深刻理解英语词汇中的文化内涵及文化差异，从
而更加准确、传神地使用英语。现将常见英语习
语总结如下，以帮助同学们扩大知识面，更好地
运用英语：
1．a bad apple坏蛋
2．a big shot要人
3．a bed of roses/flowers安逸的生活，舒适的生活
4．a blue joke下流的笑话
5．a black future暗淡的前途，毫无希望的未来
6．a cold welcome冷遇
7．a cool fish无耻之徒
8．a dog's life猪狗不如的生活
9．a fat cat大款
10.afish out of water如鱼儿离水，有点不安
11.a gay dog快活的人
12.a green hand新手
13.a lucky dog幸运儿
14.a top dog优胜者
15.a white day吉日，喜庆的日子
16.a white lie善意的谎言
17.a white elephant无用之物
18.a yellow boy胆小鬼
19. around/round the clock曰夜不停地，连轴转
20. at the sea茫然，困惑
21. back up支持
22. be above oneself趾高气扬
23. be all ears聚精会神地听，洗耳恭听
24. be off colour身体欠佳，精神不振
25. be on one's back卧病，卧床不起
26. be under the weather身体不好，难过
27. behind the times过时了，不时髦
28. big fish大亨 i
29. black and blue遍体鳞伤的
30. black lie用心险恶的谎言
31. black money黑钱 }
32. black sheep害群之马
33. blue - eyed boys宠儿
34. bring down the house博得全场喝彩
35. bum one's bridges/boats破釜沉舟，自断后路
36. call white black/black white颠倒黑白，混淆是非
37. catch one's eye。引人注目
38. cost an arm and a leg价值不菲，付出昂贵代价
39. down and out穷困潦倒，孤苦无助
40. dull fish枯燥无味的人
41. eat one's words收回说过盼语
42. eye for eye以牙还牙
43. face the music面对现实，承担自己行为的后果
44. face to face面对面
45. from hand to mouth仅够糊口
46. full of hot air吹牛大王
47. give an ear to听一听
48. give somebody a hand帮助某人
49. go Dutch各付各的钱
50. gray hairs老人
51. have a beef with sb.与某人发生矛盾，关系紧张
52. have a big nose爱打听
53. have a heart of gold心好，好人
54. have a sweet tooth喜爱甜食
55. have cold feet紧张
56 have money to burn有用不完的钱
57. have one's hands full with忙碌于
58. hold your horses放慢，等一等
59. heart to heart推心置腹的
60. hand in hand手拉手
61. high and dry被抛弃的，处于痛苦之中
62. high and low到处
63. hot air空话，夸夸其谈
64.I am behind you.我支持你。
65. it's a piece of cake.那只是小菜一碟简单的事
66. in the doghouse窘迫，陷入困坑
67. keep an eye on someone留心，留意
68. keep a straight face摆出严肃面孔住不笑
69. keep one's shirt on保持镇静
70. let one's hair down放松，拘束
71. let sleeping dogs lie莫惹是非
72. let the cat out of the bag泄露秘密
73. look black情况很糟
74. make afool of出了洋相
75. make a monkey out of嘲弄，戏弄
76. make one's mouth water使人垂涎：想吃
77. monkey business胡闹
78. Mother hen婆婆妈妈地担心他人遭遇的人
79．Never say die.别泄气。
80. on and off间断地
81. once in a blue moon千载难逢的机金
82．out and out完全地，彻底地
83. out of the blue完全出乎意料
84. put on an act装腔作势
85. pull one's leg愚弄
86. put on the dog卖弄，耍派头
87. serve someone hand and foot服务周j
88. shoulder to shoulder肩并肩
89. stand one's ground竖持己见，坚守f
90. stand on one's own legs独立自主
91. step by step逐步前进
92. Sunday clothes高档、漂亮的衣裳，
93. Sunday painter业余画家
94. Sunday run长距离
95. Sunday school truth众所周知的道理或事实
96.take the bread out of someone's mouth夺某人的生计
97, take the cake得头奖，居首位
98. take someone，s breath away使某人非常惊讶，感动得说不出话来
99, That's not my cup of tea.我对那没兴趣。
100. the apple of one's eye掌上明珠
101. the lion of the day当代的名人
102, top banana大老板
103, through and through完全地，充分地
104. turn the cold shoulder on冷淡
105. tum a deaf ear to充耳不闻
106. turn up one's nose at鄙视
107. under age未成年
108. ups and downs盛衰，浮沉
109. white sale大减价
ll0. white war没有硝烟的战争，常指“经济竞争”

词语释义
【题型点拨】
这类题目要求选择的答案与画线部分意思基
本一致，语法功能也要相同。主要考查学生对词
汇的辨析、理解、释义和运用能力。
解答这类题的关键是要理解画线部分的意思，
弄清画线部分的语法功能，然后再去找与画线部
分意思相近及语法功能相同的选项。
这种题有两个特点：一是词不离句，二是有
干扰项。尽管如此，只要释义是词绒词组的本义，
而不是语境产生的意义，同学们只要平时记住了
这个释义，也能答对。因此，复习时同学们应首
先掌握基本单词、词组、习惯用语的意思，其次
掌握同一意思的词、词组及习惯用语的常用表达
方式，对这些意思相近的词、词组，同学们应注
意归纳，平时加强记忆，增强理解力与运用能力。

现将《新目标英语》中常用单词释义或同义
（近义）词组归纳总结如下：
1．return-come/be back返回
2．retum-give back归还
3. at present-at this time, at the moment, now现在，如今
4．di￡cicult-hard，not easy困难的
5. parents-one's father and mother父母
6．also-too, as well as也
7．perhaps-maybe或许，大概
8．follow-come/go after跟随
9．give sb.a hand-help sb.帮助某人
10. certainly-of course, sure当然
11. cross-go/walk across穿过
12. photo-picture图画，相片
13. agree-say "yes", have the same idea网意
14. century-one hundred years世纪
15, busy-not free, have no time忙的
16. famous-very well - known著名的
17. be filled with-be full of充满，装满
18. f:{ne~well身体好
19. next to-close to, beside, near靠近，接近
20. go off-rling铃响
21. end-finish结束，完了
22. the same as-not different from与……相同的
23. over-more than多于，超过
24. finally-at last, in the end最后
25. around-about大约
26, enter-go into进入
27. happen-take place发生
28. get up-get out of bed起床
29, take exercise-do/play sports做运动
30. start-begin开始
31. be ill/sick~not feel well生病
32. stay healthy-keep healthy/fit, be in good health保持健康
33. stay up-not go to sleep because of doing something憝夜
34. last name-family name姓氏
35. sit down-take a seat就座，坐下
36. again and again-over and over一遍又一遍
37. alone-by oneself独自
38．apologize-say sorry道歉，辩解
39. present-gift礼物
40. several-a few, some几个，数个
41. mostly-chiefly, almost all, generally主要地
42. just now-a moment ago刚才
43. sure-certain确信的
44. right away-at once, in a moment立即 ；马上
45. in the slightest-at all根本
46. must-have to不得不
47. prefer-like.better than更喜欢
48. would like-want想要
49. hardly-almost not几乎不
50. semester-term学期
51. performer-actor or actress演员
52. offer-give提供给
53. take after-look like长得像
54. reply-answer回答
55. refuse-say no to…拒绝
56. view-opinion, idea主意，观点
57. take pride in-be proud of...以……为骄傲
58. fail-not pass失败，不及格
59. dress-put on clothes穿衣
60. unleos-if not除非
61. can-be able to能，会
62. use up-run out of用尽，用完
63. by accident-by chance偶然，无意中
64. continue-go on, go further绁续
65. take care of-care for, look after照顾
66. fix up-repair, mend修理，修补
67. on display-on show展览，陈列
68. be angry with-be mad at对……生气
69. what abouthow about……怎么样
70. do chores-do housework做家务
71. be afraid of-be temfied of害怕
72. lots of-a lot of, many, much许多
73. cheer up-make someone happier使振奋，使高兴
74. set up-establish, start建立，开创
75. come up with-think of提出，想出
76. clean up-make it clean and tidy扫除
77. fetch-go and take sth. back取来
78. be interested in-take an interest in对……感兴趣
79. not...any more-no more, no longer,not.…any longer不再
80. come from-be from来自
81. enjoy oneself-have a good/great/nice/time, have fun过得愉快
82. glad-happy，pleased高兴的
83. go to a mowe-go to see a film去看电影
84. sometimes-at times有时
85. in a minute-very soon不久，很快
86. for instance-for example例如
87. as soon as possible-very soon尽快
88. realize-understand and believe 察觉，了解
89. collect-get something together收集
90. arrive-reach，get to到达
91.a little-a bit -小点
92. quite-very，rather很，非常，十分
93. be good at-do well in擅长于
94. leave for-go to出发去
95. own-have拥有
96. rush-move or go suddenly冲，跑
97. anxious-worried，uneasy焦虑的
98. take the subway-go by subway乘地铁
99. take a taxi-go by taxi乘出租车
100. go in a ca-go by car秉小汽车
101. ride a bike-go by bike骑自行车
102. walk-go on foot步行

【热点例题点拨与解答】
[ 例 1 ] She closed her speech with a funny joke.
A. had B. gave C. ended D. began
[解析] 答案C。此题四个卷面选项的时态均
符合原题的要求，故重点可以放在句意和词义的
判断上。“close”原意为“关闭”，因此此题的句
意可以理解为“她用一个笑话结束了她的演讲”，
运用的是引申义，四个选项中只有C符合题意。
[ 例 2 ] When he knew he didn't pass the English test, he pulled a long face.
A. looked excited B. looked sad
C. looked shy D.looked wonderful
[解析] 答案B。此题画线部分的每个单词考
生均熟悉，但重新组合在一起则觉得陌生，不易
理解，这就需要考虑词语在语境中的具体含义。
根据前半句的句意“当他知道他没有通过英语测
验的时候”，可以推知下文讲述的是他的感觉不
好，那么“pulled a long face” （拉长着一张脸]
意为表情难看，心里不舒服；答案A．“looked
excited”（看上去兴奋）和答案D．"looked won-
derful” （看上去精彩），其表情肯定不会难看，
故不符合题意；答案C．6&looked shy”（看上去害
羞）和答案B．"looked sad”（看上去难过）相
比，B更接近原意，因此应选B。
[ 例 3] I hope you will have fun during your visit to Paris.
A．get bored B．be funny
C．have a good time
[解析] 答案C。此题考查have fun的近义
词，have fun=have a good time，排除A.B，故
答案是C。
【中考备考训练】
( )1. My neighbor was like a cat on hot bricks
before her driving test.
A．非常兴奋 B．喵喵乱叫
C．跳上跳下 D．非常紧张
( )2. My mother is angry with me because I
didn't Fmish the homework.
A．surprised at B．mad at
C.excited at D.temfied of
( ) 3. The first question was difficult, but the rest were pretty easy.
A。休息 B．安定
C．其余的 D．停止
( ) 4.-The work is too hard for me.
-You are always great! You'll make it if
you have a try,
A. be successful B. make jt easy
C. take it easy D.give it up
( ) 5. When it was my time to give a speech,I
became very nervous.
A．duty B．turn
C． chance D． pleasure
( )6. -1 lost my pet pig, but it came back yesterday.
-As the saying goes: an old horse knew the way.
A．塞翁失马 B．马失前蹄
C．老马识途 D．马到成功
)7. Let's go out for dinner today. It's on me.
A．这是我的事 B．轮到我了
C．我买单 D．我值日
( )8.I couldn't put up with the way she treated
me and decided to leave her at once.
A．张贴 B．寻找
C．忍受 D．举超
( )9.-My dream is to be a well - known star.
-I believe you will realize your dream if
you keep on working hard.
A． imagine B． complete
C． come true D． achieve
( ) 10. Nobody told him about it,so when the
police asked him about it, he was all at sea.
A．不知道 B．知道
C．在海上 D．全身潮湿了
( ) 11. There is little time left. Could you run your eyes over my report quickly?
A. look through B.look at
C．look for D．look out
( ) 12. -The dress is so beautiful. Do you
like it?
-Yes. But it costs an arm and a leg
and I haven't enough money with me.
A．it's too expensive
B．it's very cheap
C．it doesn't fit me
D．it's too big for me
( ) 13. We have been working around the clock
to get it done on time.
A，here and there
B．up and down
C．day and night
D．now and then
( ) 14. Mary likes music. But to tell the truth,
she has no ear for music.
A．不会欣赏 B．没有耳朵
C．不懂 D．是聋的
( ) 15.“1 want to be a big fish, as big as Bill
Gates,in a large pool, as large as Mi-
crosoft" Linda said.
A．一个要入 B．一个有钱人 C．一个电脑程序员D．一个电脑迷
( ) 16. Many short messages with best wishes
reached her during the Spring Festival.
A．were sent by
B．were made by
C．were welcomed by
D． were received by
( ) 17. Lucy is sitting alone over there. She is
under the weather now.
A．不高兴 B．坏天气
C．天太冷了 D．不说话
( ) 18. -Do you often take exercise every day?
-Yeah,1 want to be a sport player.
Doing that can build me up.
A．cheer me up B． make me stronger
C．keep me active D．change me more
( ) 19. She lay down on her bed and shut her eyes.
A．opened B．closed C．tumed off D．rested
( ) 20. Since he gave a lecture about The legend
of Three kingdoms（三国演义）on CCTV, Yi Zhongtian becomes the lion of the day in China
A.当代名人 B．勇猛的狮子
C．达人 D．雷人
( ) 21. -You haven't played tennis for days,
have you?
-No,I have got my hands full these
days.
A．am busy B．am sick
C. am unhappy D.am nervous
( ) 22. The basket was filled with apples and
oranges.
A. was covered with B. was enough in
C.was all of D.was full of
( ) 23. They looked womed because they were in the dark about the result.
A. weren't interested in
B．didn't agree with
C. couldn't forget
D. didn't know
( ) 24. When a child realizes he should stand on his own feet, he has grown up.
A. get up by himself
B, go somewhere on foot
C. depend on himself
D. stand up quickly
( ) 25. Tum your ears to me, please, boys and girls.
A. Tum back . B. Turn around
C. Turn to your left D. Listen to
( ) 26. -Can I help you?
-I'm looking for a second - hand car.
A. the second car
B. a car with two hands
C. a used car
D. two cars
( ) 27. Something is wrong with your compute
Let me help you to put it right.
A. correct it B. throw it away
C. mend it D. put it away
( ) 28. A group of young men hope that getting this kind of job
will finally be the ticket to success.
A. road B. gate
C. street D. direction
( ) 29. If you don't want to let us down, do believe yourself!
A. come up with ideas
B. be more confident
C. be more outgoing
D. pay more attention
( ) 30. Now more and more people like drinking tea. The culture is sweeping China.
A. making China clean B. coming into China
C. becoming popular all over China D. changing China fast
( )31. –Li Na won the tennis championship in the the French Open on June 4, 2011.
-We take pride in her. She is the first Asian professional tennis player to win it.
A. are interested in B. are terrified of C. are proud of D. are used to
( ) 32. I really get lost. Please tell me where the post office is.
A. lose something
B. can't find the way
C. can't find any friend
D. lose myself
( ) 33. The foreigners from the USA like Chinese dishes very much.
A. plates B. food
C. fruit D. bowls
( ) 34. Tom, remember you are having a fever.
If your friends ask you to play outside,you should say no to them.
A. criticize B. not answer
C. refuse D. reply to
( ) 35. I was just a small potato in the company, so few people noticed me.
A. not young B. not tall
C. not old enough D. not imporr.ant
( ) 36. How time fliesi No one can call back yesterday.
A. get lost time back
B. remember yesterday
C. keep yesterday back
D. return to yesterday
( ) 37. -Why not listen to pop music, Tom?
-Oh, that's not my cup of tea. I like classical music better.
A. it's my favorite
B. that's not