语法专题复习方略第十二讲复合句专题感悟.doc

语法专题复习方略 第十二讲 复合句

Ⅰ.名词性从句(用适当的连接词填空)
1.The question is　　　　 the film is worth seeing.
解析：此处为whether引导的表语从句。whether是否。
答案：whether
2.Do you doubt 　　　　 I believe you？
解析：考查宾语从句。在含有doubt的疑问句和否定句中，名词性从句用that连接。在肯定句中，用whether，if连接。
答案：that
3.This museum is not 　　　　 it was ten years ago.
解析：此为what引导的表语从句。
答案：what
4.The reason for his success is 　　　　 he worked hard.
解析：此为that引导的表语从句。主语是reason或cause时，要用that，不能用because。
答案：that
5.She dresses well，but the trouble is 　　　　 the clothes she is wearing don't go with each other very well.
解析：此为that引导的表语从句。
答案：that
6.The suggestion 　　　　 students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering.
解析：此为that引导的同位语从句，在抽象名词suggestion之后，起补充说明的作用。注意该句要用虚拟语气。
答案：that
7.It depends on 　　　　 we have enough time.
解析：此为whether引导的宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
答案：whether
8.You have no idea 　　　　 anxious I have been for her safety.
解析：此处how引导的从句表示抽象名词idea的具体内容，是同位语从句。
答案：how
9.Now we can see 　　　　a serious problem the population is.
解析：从see一词可判断从句为宾语从句。
答案：what
10.I want to buy some stamps.Can you tell me 　　　　 there's a post office near here？
解析：此为if或whether引导的宾语从句。if/whether是否。
答案：if/whether
11.I have no idea 　　　　 heavy the box is.
解析：此为how引导的同位语从句，在抽象名词idea后起补充说明作用。
答案：how
12.　　　　 he doesn't like them is very clear.
解析：此为that引导的主语从句。这个句子也可以改成用it作形式主语的句子：It is very clear that he doesn't like them。
答案：That
13.There's a feeling in me 　　　　 we'll never know what a UFO is.
解析：此为that引导的同位语从句，应在抽象名词feeling后，起补充说明的作用。
答案：that
14.The fire destroyed 　　　　 was in the building.
解析：whatever(一切东西)引导宾语从句，作动词destroy的宾语。whatever相当于anything that。
答案：what/whatever
15.We know little about the young lady except 　　　　 you told me.
解析：此为what引导的宾语从句，作介词except的宾语，而在从句中what作told的宾语。
答案：what
16.I know nothing about her except 　　　　she is from Canada.
解析：that引导的宾语从句作介词except的宾语。
答案：that
17.　　　　there is life on another planet is almost impossible.
解析：此为that引导的主语从句。
答案：That
18.The chance 　　　　 he will attend the meeting is very little.
解析：此为that引导的同位语从句，在抽象名词chance之后，起补充说明的作用。
答案：that
19.Mark wondered 　　　　 you thought of the new film.
解析：此为what引导的宾语从句，作thought的宾语。
答案：what
20.The old woman was shocked by 　　　　had happened to her daughter.
解析：what引导的宾语从句作介词by的宾语。
答案：what
21.Lei Feng was always thinking of 　　　　 he could help others.
解析：how引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。
答案：how
22.Could you tell me for 　　　　 you have bought this fur coat？
解析：whom作介词宾语，介词for前置，原来位置应为：...you have bought this fur coat for(whom).
答案：whom
23.　　　　 he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.
解析：此为what引导的主语从句，同时what在从句中作see的宾语。
答案：What
24.The problem lies in 　　　　 we lack the time to have holidays.
解析：此为that引导的宾语从句，整个从句作介词in的宾语。
答案that
25.　　　　 Thomas Edison became a great inventor is known to all.
解析：此为how引导的主语从句。
答案：How
26.　　　　 he felt sorry for was 　　　　 he wasn't in time to prevent the accident.
解析：前半句为what引导的主语从句，后半句为that引导的表语从句。
答案：What；that
27.　　　　we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
解析：此为whether引导的主语从句。当主语从句放于句首时，只能用whether，不能用if。
答案：Whether
28.　　　　 is likely that we can bridge the generation gap.
解析：此为that引导的主语从句。that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语。It is likely that...很有可能……。
答案：It
29.We should help 　　　　 is in need of our help.
解析：whoever在此为复合关系代词，集先行词和关系词于一体，相当于anyone who。
答案：whoever
30.The reason 　　　　 he was absent was 　　　　 he wasn't interested in the meeting.
解析：此为why引导的定语从句以及that引导的表语从句。先行词是the reason，表示原因，故用why；在表语从句中，主语是reason或cause时，引导词要用that，不能用because。
答案：why；that
31.The child is fat.That's 　　　　he has a sweet teeth(爱吃甜食).
解析：此为because引导的表语从句。That's because...那是因为……。
答案：because

32.It's beyond doubt 　　　　 that man will lag behind (落后)in the race.
解析：此为that引导的同位语从句，在抽象名词doubt后起补充说明作用，that不能省略。注意：that man中的that起修饰man的作用，指“那个人”，而不是引导词。
答案：that
Ⅱ.定语从句(用适当的关系词填空)
1.The weather was very sunny the following day，　　　　was what we had expected.
解析：本题用which代替前面整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句。
答案which
2.The man about　　　　you told me the other day turned out to be a thief.
解析：先行词是人，前有介词about，故用whom。
答案：whom
3.I have finished reading all the books　　　　were borrowed from the school library.
解析：先行词是物the books，且有all修饰，只能用that。
答案：that
4.I have bought three ballpoint pens，none of　　　　writes smoothly.
解析：先行词是物three ballpoint pens，前有介词of，故只能用which。
答案：which
5.This is the store　　　　my father runs.
解析：先行词the store是物，从句缺少宾语，用which，that或不填均可。
答案：that/which/不填
6.I cannot forget the time　　　　I stayed in the country with those farmers.
解析：定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，此须用关系副词when来引导从句。
答案：when
7.　　　　is reported in the newspaper，the war between the two countries has come to a stop.
解析：as此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面一句话的内容。
答案：As
8.Lu Xun，　　　　real name is Zhou Shuren，wrote lots of novels and essays.
解析：先行词与从句中的主语为所属关系，用whose。
答案：whose
9.Can you think of another example　　　　this phrase can be used？
解析：定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，此须用关系副词where来引导从句。此处where＝in which。
答案：where
10.The train on　　　　he is traveling is late.
解析：当动词短语中的介词提前且先行词指物时，关系词用which。
答案：which
11.I visited Hong Kong last month，　　　　live my uncles and aunts.
解析：先行词为Hong Kong，在从句中作地点状语，所以用where，相当于in which，从句为倒装句。
答案：where
12.Do you still remember the happy days　　　　we spent together in Beijing？
解析：定语从句中缺宾语，用which，that或不填均可。
答案：that/which/不填
13.Don't talk about such things　　　　you are not sure about.
解析：such＋名词＋as像……一样。
答案：as
14.I have bought the same skirt　　　　she is wearing.
解析：the same＋名词＋as和……同样的。
答案：as
15.He came out top in the exam，　　　　made his family very happy.
解析：which引导非限制性定语从句，代替前面整个句子。
答案：which
16.Is this the reason　　　　he is late again？
解析：定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，表示原因，用关系副词why(＝for which)。
答案：why
17.I don't think the reason　　　　he explained at the meeting was reasonable.
解析：定语从句中he explained缺少宾语，用which，that或不填均可。

答案：that/which/不填
18.Her parents wouldn't let her marry anyone　　　　family was very poor.
解析：先行词在从句中作定语修饰family，whose family在从句中作主语。
答案：whose
19.Can you think of other ways　　　　we can solve this problem？
解析：当先行词是way意为“方式、方法”且在定语从句中作状语时，引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：the way in which/that/不填。
答案：in which/that/不填
20.I，　　　　am your best friend，will help you out.
解析：先行词是人，从句缺主语，用who。
答案：who
21.I attended the meeting last month，　　　　lots of people talked about the recently­discovered star.
解析：定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，表示地点，用关系副词where(＝at which)。
答案：where
22.The day will come　　　　the people all over the world will win liberation.
解析：定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，表示时间，用关系副词when(＝on which)。
答案：when
23.On my birthday I got a watch from my uncle，　　　　was made in Japan.
解析：先行词是物a watch，从句缺少主语，句子中有逗号隔开，为非限制性定语从句，故用which。
答案：which
24.The students are talking about the strange people and stories　　　　they met in the adventure.

解析：当先行词既有人又有物时，用that。
答案：that
Ⅲ.状语从句(用适当的连词填空)
1.Mr.Smith has learned some Chinese　　　　he came to Shenzhen.
解析：此为since引导的时间状语从句。since“自从”，从句的时态若是一般过去时，相应地主句中的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。句意：自从史密斯先生来到深圳，他已经学了一些中文。
答案：since
2.If you work with a strong will，you will overcome any difficulty，　　　　great it is.
解析：此为however/no matter how引导的让步状语从句。句意：如果你有坚定的信念，不管困难多大，你都将会克服它。
答案：however/no matter how
3.A new supermarket was built　　　　there had once been a wasteland.
解析：where引导的地点状语从句。句意：一家新的超市将在那曾是废墟的地方建立。
答案：where
4.　　　　you've got such a golden chance，why not make the best of it？
解析：此为since/now that引导的原因状语从句，since＝now that既然。句意：既然你得到一个如此宝贵的机会，为何不充分利用呢？
答案：Since/Now that
5.A whole month had passed　　　　she fully recovered.
解析：此为before引导的时间状语从句，before还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁；还没来得及。句意：一个月过去了，她才完全康复。
答案：before
6.I was having dinner　　　　I heard a knock at the door.
解析：when用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。句意：我正在吃晚饭，那时我听到敲门声。
答案：when
7.He had just finished the book　　　　supper was served.
解析：when用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。句意：他已经完成那本书了，那时晚饭端上来了。
答案：when
8.I won't tell him the correct answer even　　　　I know it.I don't like him.
解析：此为even though/even if引导的让步状语从句，even though/even if(即使)。句意：我不会告诉他正确的答案，即使我知道答案。我不喜欢他。
答案：if/though
9.He was talking as　　　　he knew everything about it.
解析：此为as if/as though引导的方式状语从句。其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。句意：他正谈论着，似乎他无所不知。
答案：if/though
10.　　　　I like Chinese food，I won't visit that restaurant today.I'd like to try a different one.
解析：此为although引导的让步状语从句。although尽管。句意：尽管我喜欢中国食物，但我今天不会去那家餐馆。我想试个不同的口味。
答案：Although
11.Roses need special care so　　　　they can live through winter.
解析：此为so that引导的目的状语从句。so that意为“以便……；为了……”，引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。
答案：that
12.You will succeed in the end　　　　you give up halfway.
解析：此为unless引导的条件状语从句，意为“除非”。句意：你最终会成功，除非你中途放弃。
答案：unless
13.Tom didn't go to bed　　　　his mother came back from work.
解析：此为until引导的时间状语从句。not...until直到……才。句意：直到他妈妈工作回来，Tom才上床睡觉。
答案：until
14.The baby may be saved　　　　he is sent to hospital in no time.
解析：此为if/so long as引导的条件状语从句。if如果；so long as只要。句意：那个婴儿可能会被救活，如果/只要他及时被送到医院。
答案：if/so long as
15.I found all the doors open and everything in disorder　　　　I arrived home.
解析：考查时间状语从句。as soon as/when/the moment常译为“一……就……”。句意：我一回到家就发现所有的门都开着，一切东西都乱七八糟的。
答案：when/as soon as/the moment
16.　　　　he is a newcomer，he has few friends around here.
解析：此为because引导的原因状语从句，意为“因为”。句意：因为他是新来的，他在这有很少的朋友。
答案：Because
17.I didn't know what happened.He had rushed out of the room　　　　I could ask him.
解析：此为before引导的时间状语从句。before在……之前；还没来得及。句意：我不知道发生了什么事情。我还没来得及问，他就已经冲出了房间。
答案：before
18.Please keep reading the poem　　　　you have remembered it.
解析：此为until引导的时间状语从句，意为“直到”。句意：请不断读这首诗，直到你记住它。
答案：until
19.It was not yet 7 o'clock　　　　he came back.
解析：此为when引导的时间状语从句。when当……的时候。句意：他回来时，还未到七点。
答案：when
20.Can you imagine how long it will be　　　　a new drug is invented for AIDS？
解析：此为before引导的时间状语从句。此为结构It will be＋时间＋before...；要过多长时间才……
答案：before
21　　　　you understand the rule，you will find it very easy to obey.
解析：once此处引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦”；从句意为一旦你理解了规则……。
答案：Once
22.I will take you shopping　　　　it doesn't rain this afternoon.
解析：句意：如果今天下午不下雨，我就带你去逛商店。if引导条件状语从句。
答案：if
23.He failed again just　　　　he didn't work hard at his lessons.
解析：此为because引导的原因状语从句。句意：他再次失败了，因为他没有努力学习。
答案：because
24.He was in such a hurry　　　　he forgot his keys.
解析：此为such...that引导的结果状语从句。such＋a/an＋名词＋that...如此……以致。句意：他走得如此匆忙，以致忘了钥匙。
答案：that
25.He wouldn't listen to me，　　　　I said.
解析：此为whatever/no matter what引导的让步状语从句。whatever/no matter what不管什么。句意：不管我说什么，他都不会听我的。
答案：whatever/no matter what
Ⅳ.语法填空
Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age.At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles，children become expert at　1　(hold)their breath under water even　2　they can walk.Babies　3　two months do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water.It is not long　4　they are so accustomed to swimming　5　they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool.A game that is very popular with these young　6　(swim)is the underwater tricycle race.Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water.The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.Many pedal their tricycles，　7　most of them prefer to push or drag them.Some children　8　cover the whole length of the pool　9　coming up for breath even once.Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions，only time will tell.Meanwhile，they should encourage those among us　10　cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air.
1.解析：介词at后面用动名词。孩子们就成屏气专家了。
答案：holding
2.解析：根据句意可知，甚至在他们能走路之前就是屏气专家了。
答案：before
3.解析：这里是常用搭配，sb.of＋年龄。
答案：of
4.解析：固定句型It is not long before that...从句，“很快就……”或者“不久后……”。
答案：before
5.解析：固定句型。so...that...如此……以至于……
答案：that
6.解析：在这里需要用名词形式。这个游戏在这些年轻的游泳者里面很流行。
答案：swimmers
7.解析：转折关系。
答案：but
8.解析：考查情态动词的用法。一些小孩能够一口气游过游泳池。
答案：can
9.解析：句意：他们可以不换气的游过游泳池。
答案：without
10.解析：定语从句的引导词，先行词是those。
答案：who