1、药分期末复习(仅供参考)题型及分值一, 写出英文缩写的全称、中文10个*2共20分二, 单词、词组的英汉互译5个*2共10分三, 问答计算(in English)5个*4共20分四, 单选20个*1共20分五, 名词解释10个*2共20分六, 计算2个*5共10分一,写出英文缩写的全称、中文10个*2共20分GLP (Good Laboratory Practice )药物非临床研究质量管理规范GMP (Good Manufacture Practice )药品生产质量管理规范GSP (Good Supply Practice)药品经营质量管理规范GCP (Good Clinical Prac
2、tice)药物临床试验质量管理规范QA(Quality Assurance)质量保证QC(Quality Control) 质量控制UV(Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry)紫外光谱法IR(Infrared Spectrophotometry)红外光谱法TLC(Thin layer Spectrophotometry)薄层色谱法HPLC(High Performance Liquid Chromatography)高效液相色谱法GC(Gas Chromatography)气相色谱法PC(Paper Chromatography)纸色谱法FID(Flame Ionisat
3、ion Detector)氢火焰离子化检测器FDA(Food and Drug Administration)食品药品监督管理局SD(Standard Deviation)标准偏差RSD(Relative Standard Deviation)相对标准偏差LOD(Limit of Detection)检测限LOQ(Limit of Quantitation)定量限Chp(Pharmacopoeia of The Peoples Republic of China)中国药典USP (United States Pharmacopoeia)美国药典NF(National Formulary)美国国
4、家处方集BP(British Pharmacopoeia)英国药典JP(Japanese Pharmacopoeia)日本药局方二,单词、词组的英汉互译5个*2共10分Linearity and Range线性和范围Repeatability and reproducibility 可重复性和可重现性Accuracy and Precision准确度和精密度Standard Operation Procedure(SOP)标准操作程序Non-aqueous titrations非水滴定Void volume死体积Capacity factor容量因子Column efficiency(colu
5、mn performance)柱效Resolution分离度、分辨率System suitability 系统适应性试验Theoretical plates 理论塔板数Peak symmetry 峰对称性Peak retention times峰保留时间Mobile phase流动相Stationary phase 固定相Carrier gas载气Pharmaceutical analysis 药物分析Titration滴定Standard solution标准溶液Heavy metal重金属Loss on drying干燥失重Selectivity选择性Ruggedness(or robus
6、tness)耐用度Analytical blank空白分析Sensitivity灵敏度三,问答计算(in English)5个*4共20分1 Accuracy:The closeness of the assay result obtained by the assay method to the true valueHow?Recovery studies 2 Precision:The degree of agreement among individual assay results when the assay method is applied repeatedly to multi
7、ple sampling of a homogeneous sampleHow?relative standard deviation (RSD) or coefficient of variation (CV) 3 LOD: The smallest amount of an analyte which can be detected by a particular method. 4 Range:The range of the assay method is the interval between the upper and lower levels (inclusive) of an
8、alyte that have been determined. 5 Ruggedness(or robustness):The degree of the reproducibility of the assay results obtained by the analysis of the same sample under a variety of normal test conditions 6 Selectivity (or specificity):The selectivity of a method is a measure of how capable it is of me
9、asuring the analyte in the presence of other compounds contained in the sample.7 Sensitivity:The sensitivity of method indicates how respondsive it is to a small change in the concentration of an analyte.8 indicator: An indicator is a weak acid or base that changes colour between its ionized and un-
10、ionised forms.9 What are primary standards? Primary standards are stable chemical compounds that are available in high purity and which can be used to standardise the standard solutions used in titrations.10 What is Beer-lambet law?A=ECLA is the absorbance.E is the extinction coefficient of the anal
11、yte.C is the concentration of the analyte.L is the thickness of thesolution11 What are the Components of a UV-vis spectrophotometer?Lamps、slit、monochromator、slit、quartz cell、detector12 4.2What are the concentrations of the following solutions of drugs in g/100ml and mg/100ml4.4 Calculate the percent
12、age of stated content of promazine hydrochloride in promazine tablets from the following information4.5 Determine the concentration of the following injections(答案见英文讲义)13 What are the Components of a HPLC system?solvent reservoir pump injection loop column UV/vis detector integrator14 What is the Rf
13、 value of a compound in a TLC chromatogram?The distance travelled by the compound from the origin (where the compound is put onto the plate) divided by the distance travelled by the solvent from the origin is called the Rf value of the compound. 四,略(看原来的资料)五,略(看原来的资料)六,计算2个*5共10分示例一 茶苯拉明中氯化物检查取本品0.3
14、0g 置200 ml量瓶中,加水50ml、氨试液3ml和10%硝酸铵溶液6ml,置水浴上加热5min,加硝酸银试液25ml,摇匀,再置水浴上加热15min,并时时振摇,放冷,加水稀释至刻度,摇匀,放置15min,滤过,取续滤液25ml置纳氏比色管中,加稀硝酸10ml,加水稀释至50ml,摇匀,在暗处放置5min,与标准氯化钠溶液(10g Cl-/ml)1.5 ml制成的对照液比较,求氯化物的限量。C=10 g/ml V=1.5 ml S=0.3*25/200示例三 肾上腺素上酮体的检查取本品0.2g,置100ml量瓶中,加盐酸溶液(9-2000)溶解并稀释至刻度,摇匀,在310nm处测定吸光度
15、不得超过0.05,酮体的百分吸收系数为435,求酮体的限量C=A/E=0.05/435=1.1510-4 g/100ml V=100 ml S=0.2 g1.取本品0.10 g,加盐酸溶液(9-1000)使溶解成5ml,加亚硝酸钠试液2ml,放置15min,加氨试液3ml,所显颜色与吗啡试液取无水吗啡2.0mg,加盐酸溶液(9-1000)使溶解成100ml 5.0ml用同一方法制成的对照液比较,不得更深。问限量是多少?2.取本品2.0g,加水32ml,溶解后缓缓加入1mol/L盐酸溶液8ml,充分振摇,静置数分钟,滤过,取滤液20ml,加酚酞指示液1滴与氨试液恰显粉红色,加醋酸盐缓冲液(pH3
16、.5)2ml与水适量成25ml,依法检查,含重金属不得超过10ppm。试计算应取得标准铅溶液(每1ml相当于10g Pb)的体积。习题一 磷酸可待因中吗啡的检查取本品0.10 g,加盐酸溶液(9-1000)使溶解成5ml,加亚硝酸钠试液2ml,放置15min,加氨试液3ml,所显颜色与吗啡试液取无水吗啡2.0mg,加盐酸溶液(9-1000)使溶解成100ml 5.0ml用同一方法制成的对照液比较,不得更深。问限量是多少?习题二 苯巴比妥钠中重金属的检查取本品2.0g,加水32ml,溶解后缓缓加入1mol/L盐酸溶液8ml,充分振摇,静置数分钟,滤过,取滤液20ml,加酚酞指示液1滴与氨试液恰显
17、粉红色,加醋酸盐缓冲液(pH3.5)2ml与水适量成25ml,依法检查,含重金属不得超过10ppm。试计算应取得标准铅溶液(每1ml相当于10g Pb)的体积。示例三 葡萄糖酸锑钠的含量测定0.3g供试品水100ml盐酸15ml碘化钾试液10ml 密塞,振摇后暗处放置10min碘量法Sb5+2S2O32-含量示例四 司可巴比妥钠的含量测定取本品约0.1g,精密称定,置250ml碘瓶中,加水10ml,振摇使溶解,精密加溴滴定液(0.05mol/L) 25ml,再加盐酸5ml,立即密塞,并振摇1min,在暗处放置15min后,注意微开瓶塞,加碘化钾试液10ml,立即密塞,摇匀后,用硫代硫酸钠滴定液
18、(0.1mol/L)滴定,至终点时,加淀粉指示液,继续滴定至蓝色消失,并将滴定得的结果用空白试验校正。本法用溴与司可巴比妥钠反应,再用硫代硫酸钠反滴定溴,属反滴定法,并用空白试验校正,滴定液A为溴,B为硫代硫酸钠,含量计算只需先求溴滴定度,再求出硫代硫酸钠空白试验V0体积与样品测定体积Vs已知:司可巴比妥钠M=260.23;司可巴比妥钠与溴反应摩尔=1:1; W=0.1022 g; 硫代硫酸钠浓度校正因子=1.038 ; 供试品滴定Vs=15.73ml ;空白试验滴定V0 =23.21ml;含量习题一 剩余碘量法测定异烟肼含量异烟肼在弱碱性溶液中,加定量过量的碘滴定液(0.1mol/L)氧化,
19、反应完成后,酸化,剩余碘滴定液用硫代硫酸钠滴定液(0.1mol/L)滴定(以淀粉为指示剂)。习题二 非那西丁含量测定精密称取本品0.3630g加稀盐酸回流1小时后,放冷,用亚硝酸钠液(0.1010mol/L)滴定,用去20.00ml。每1ml亚硝酸钠液(0.1mol/L)相当于17.92mg的C10H13O2N,请计算非那西丁的含量。示例:盐酸氯丙嗪注射液的含量测定:精密量取本品适量(约相当于盐酸氯丙嗪50mg),置200ml量瓶中,加盐酸溶液(91000)稀释至刻度,摇匀;精密量取2ml,置100ml量瓶中,用盐酸(91000)稀释至刻度,摇匀;在254nm下测定吸光度,按盐酸氯丙嗪的吸收百
20、分系数计算,即得。D为供试品溶液的稀释体积:共稀释了200ml1002=10000ml示例 碘苯酯的含量测定取本品约20mg,精密称定,照氧瓶燃烧法进行有机破坏,用NaOH T.S. 2ml与H2O 10ml为吸收液,待吸收完全后,加溴醋酸溶液10 ml,密塞,振摇放置数分钟,加甲酸约1ml,用水洗涤瓶口,并通入空气流约35min,以除去剩余的溴蒸气,加KI 2g,密塞,摇匀,用Na2S2O3液 (0.02mol/L)滴定,至近终点时,加淀粉指示液,继续滴定至蓝色消失,并将滴定的结果用空白试验校正。每1ml的硫代钠液(0.02mol/L)相当于1.388mg的C19H29IO2。C19H29I
21、O2分子量为 416.34取本品约1.5g,精密称定,准确加NaOH液(0.5mol/L)50.0ml,缓缓煮沸10min,放冷,以酚酞为指示剂,用H2SO4液(0.25mol/L)滴定剩余的NaOH,并将滴定结果用空白试验校正。每1ml的NaOH液(0.5ml/L)相当于45.04mg的C9H9O4取本品10片,精密称定,研细,精密称取适量(约相当于阿司匹林0.3g),置锥形瓶中,加中性乙醇(对酚酞指示剂显中性)20ml,振摇使ASA溶解,加酚酞指示液3滴,滴加NaOH液(0.1mol/L)至显粉红色,再精密加NaOH液(0.1mol/L)40ml,置水浴上加热15min,并时时振摇,迅速放
22、冷至室温,用H2SO4液(0.05mol/L)滴定,并将滴定的结果用空白试验校正。每1ml的NaOH液(0.1mol/L)相当于18.02mg的C9H8O41.原料药含量测定的计算容量分析法应用示例精密称取青霉素钾供试品0.4021g,按药典规定用剩余碱量法测定含量。先加入NaOH(0.1mol/L)25.00ml,回滴时消耗0.1015mol/L的HCl为14.20ml,空白试验消耗0.1015mol/L的盐酸液24.68ml。每1ml氢氧化钠液(0.1mol/L)相当于37.25mg的青霉素钾,求供试品的含量。 UV法对乙酰氨基酚的含量测定方法为:取本品约40mg,精密称定,置250ml量
23、瓶中,加0.4%氢氧化钠溶液50ml溶解后,加水至刻度,摇匀,精密量取5ml,置100ml量瓶中,加0.4%氢氧化钠溶液10ml,加水至刻度,摇匀,照分光光度法,在257nm的波长处测定吸收度,按C8H9NO2的吸收系数()为715计算,即得。若样品称样量为m(g),测得的吸收度为A,则含量百分率的计算式为对照法利血平的含量测定方法为:对照品溶液的制备 精密称取利血平对照品20mg,置100ml量瓶中,加氯仿4ml使溶解,用无水乙醇稀释至刻度,摇匀;精密量取5m1,置50ml量瓶中,加无水乙醇稀释至刻度,摇匀,即得。供试品溶液的制备 精密称取本品0.0205g,照对照品溶液同法制备。精密量取对
24、照品溶液与供试品溶液各5ml,各加硫酸滴定液(0.25mol/L)1.0ml与新制的0.3%亚硝酸钠溶液1.0ml,摇匀,置55水浴中加热30分钟,冷却后,各加新制的5%氨基磺酸铵溶液0.5ml,用无水乙醇稀释至刻度,摇匀;另取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各5ml,除不加0.3%亚硝酸钠溶液外,分别用同一方法处理后作为各自相应的空白,照分光光度法,在3902nm的波长处分别测定吸收度,供试品溶液的吸收度为0.604,对照品溶液的吸收度为0.594,计算利血平的百分含量。 2.片剂含量测定的计算取司可巴比妥钠胶囊(标示量为0.1g)20粒,除去胶囊后测得内容物总重为3.0780g,称取0.1536g,
25、按药典规定用溴量法测定。加入溴液(0.1 mol/L) 25ml,剩余的溴液用硫代硫酸钠液(0.1025mol/L)滴定到终点时,用去17.94ml。空白试验用去硫代硫酸钠液25.00ml。按每1ml 溴液(0.1mol/L)相当13.01mg的司可巴比妥钠,计算该胶囊中按标示量表示的百分含量。 1. 注射剂含量测定的计算容量分析方法维生素C注射液(规格2ml:0.1g)的含量测定:精密量取本品2ml,加水15ml与丙酮2ml,摇匀,放置5分钟,加稀醋酸4ml与淀粉指示液1ml,用碘滴定液(0.1003mol/L)滴定,至溶液显兰色并持续30秒钟不褪,消耗10.56ml。每1ml碘滴定液(0.
26、1mol/L)相当于8.806mg的C6H8O6。计算维生素C注射液的标示量%。UV法中国药典(1990年版)规定维生素B12注射液规格为0.1mgm1,含量测定如下:精密量取本品7.5m1,置25ml量瓶中,加蒸馏水稀释至刻度,混匀,置lcm石英池中,以蒸馏水为空白,在3611nm波长处吸收度为0.593,按 为207计算维生素B12按标示量计算的百分含量用异烟肼比色法测定复方己酸孕酮注射液的含量。当己酸孕酮对照品的浓度为50g/ml,按中国药典规定显色后在380nm波长处测得吸收度为0.160。取标示量为250mg/ml(己酸孕酮)的供试品2ml配成100ml溶液,再稀释100倍后,按对照品显色法同样显色,测得吸收度为0.154。求供试品中己酸孕酮的含量为标示量的多少?
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