情态动词高三一轮复习学案.doc

情态动词
I can /could
1. 表一般的能力
07湖南） The biggest problem for most plants , which can’t get up and run away when thrreatened, is that animals like to eat them.
be able to 指在一定情况下做某事或通过努力才具备的能力
07全国）The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to go out.
2. 表示许可或请求允许
03 全国）A luggage office is a place where bags can be left for a short time ,especially at a railway station._
向对方请求许可 Can/Could/ May/Might I ……
肯定回答 否定回答 No, you can’t /may not/ mustn’t/ you’f better not
--Could I be kept informed to whatever happens?
-- Yes , you ___________.
A. might B. can C. would D. are able to
– Mum I’ve been studying English since 8:00 , ________ I go and play with Tom for a while?
-- No , I’m afraid not . Besides, it’s raining outside now.
A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. may not D. won’t
3. 用于疑问，感叹句中表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度
03上海）How can you say that you really understand the whole stoty if you have covered only part of the article.
06山东） How can you expect to learn anything when you never listen?
4.can 用于肯定句表示理论上的可能性， 译为“有时，常常，往往会”
–It is warm and I am just wearing a shirt today.
-- But the weather here can change.
05浙江） The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it can be very slow.
Making choices can be difficult , especially when there is no one to turn to for advice.
In history , literature ,English and foreign language classes , reading and comprehension skills_____ be the difference between passing and failing.
A. should B. can C. must D. shall
5. 用于固定句型
cannot/ couldn’t （help/choose） … but do 只好，不得不
The people couldn’t but submit to the new rulers when they lost the war.
cannot/ couldn’t (can/could never) + 形容词副词比较级 表示肯定，最高级的概念
cannot (never)…… enough/ too much 无论怎样也不为过，越。。。越好
You cannot pay too much attention to your reading skill , for it is that important .
– Mom’s gift ? She couldn’t have chosen a better one for me .
-- She must be very happy to know it .
6 .could用于虚拟语气 could have done 本能够做实际上没做到 couldn’t have done
I waited ages for you – you could have said that you weren’t coming.
7. 表推测
II may/ might
1. 表允许
2. 请求对方许可 May/Might I……?
--May I pick a flower in the garden? -- ________.
A. No, you needn’t B. Not , please C. No, you mustn’t D. No, you won’t
-- May I go and play with Dick this afternoon ,Mum?
--No, you can’t go out as your work is being done.
3.may/might well do 完全有理由
may/might as well do 最好，不如
Our holidays were ruined by the weather ; we might just as well have stayed at home.
08全国）Liza may well not want to go on the trip—she hates travelling.
4 .表祝愿 May you be happy!
5. 表示虚拟语气 might have done 本可以做实际没做 mightn’t have done _______
6. 表推测
III must
1. 表必须，必要 （mustn’t________）
In crowded places like air ports and railway stations , you must take care of your luggage.
Tom ,you mustn’t leave all your clothes on the floor like these.
8. When I was young , I was told that I mustn’t play with mathes.
A.would’t B.needn’t C. D. daren’t
2. Must I …? 回答 肯定 否定
--Must he come to sign this paper himself? – Yes , ____________.
--You must do as you are told . -- I must, ___________?
A. should I B. must I C. mustn’t I D. shouldn’t I
3. 表偏偏，偏要，指发生与说话人的愿望相反或令人不愉快的事情或表示一定要
Naturally, after I told her what to do ,my daughter must go and do the opposite.
I’m sure he didn’t do anything to offend you, so why must have such strong emotions for him?
Must you tell her the facts ? If so, I’m afraid she will get more hurts.
Apologize ! ________ I ? It was all her own fault.
A. May B. Shall C. Should D. Must
4. have to 强调客观需要，不得不must 主观看法 5. 表示肯定推测

★★★★
do 对一般现在或将来进行推测
可能 could,may,might be doing 对现在进行时推测
表推测 一定 must have done 对过去完成动作推测

注： could多用于否定或疑问 must用于肯定或疑问 can多用于肯定句
can/could not 不可能 may/might not可能不
① She looks very happy .She must have passed the exam ,_____ she?
② – How come you were late this morning ?I ______ off the alarm clock and fall asleep again.
A. must turn B. must have turned C. should have turned D. might have turned
③—Has the doctor arrived yet? -- No, but she _______ an hour ago .
A. must have come B. ought to have come C. should come D. might come
④Although there is no life on Mars now , some experts think that there _____ some form of life a long time ago.
A. might B. may have been C. can have been D. could be
⑤—I heard they went shaking in the mountains last winter.
-- It ______ because there was little snoe there.
A. may not be B . won’t be c. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
⑥—I heard they went skating in the mountains last winter.
-- It ______ true because there was little snow ther.
A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
⑦--- Where ______ Margaret have put the empty bottles ?
--- She _____ them away ., They must be somewhere .
A.can; can’t have thrown B. must; needn’t have thrown
C. must; must have thrown D. can ; must throw
⑧– Mummy , I climbed to get the Teedy Bear from the top of the shelf.
-- My goodness! You ______ yourself. You ______ do that again !
A. must have hurt; mustn’t B.shouldn’t have hurt ; can’t
C. may have hurt ; mustn’t D. might have hurt; won’t be able to
⑨– Do you still remember when we went to the Summer Place?
-- I can’t remember it well , but it _______ sometime last July.
A. must have been B. might be C. could be D. might have been
⑩Last night Li Ping watched the football match at my home , so he ______ in his office .
A. needn’t have worked B. mustn’t have worked
C. shouldn’t have worked D. couldn’t have worked
IV shall
1. 用于第一，三人称表示征求对方意见
--The research on the new bird flu cirus is challenging and demanding.Who do you think can do the job? -- Shall my students have a try?
---______ I book a table for dinner a few days ahead of time ?
-- Yes , you ______. The restaurant is always full , especially suring the holidays .
A. Must ; will B. Must ;can C.shall; shall D.shall ;must

May/Can I ….. Shall I/we…… Would/Could you….. Shall he /they…
2. 用于第二，三人称表示说话人对对方的命令，许诺或威胁
If you take good care of my camera, you shall keep it with you during your holiday.
--I want someone to write the composition for me .
--No . As a student, you shall depend on yourself
If you can’t finish your homework in time ,you _____ watch TV.
A. won’t B. can’t C.mustn’t D. shan’t
I have already said that you ______ regret what you are doing if you ignore my warning.
A. shall B. should C. must D.can
3. 用于各种人称表示立法，规章，法令，预言等
Being examined twice a year is the rule that every driver shall obey in this city.
No student ______ go out of the school campus after 10:00 at night without permission.
A.will B.must C.may D.shall
--- _______ I close the window? --- _______ . I’d like some fresh air in.
A. Shall ; Better not B. Need; Don’t C. Will ; Up to you D. May; yes ,please

V should
1. 表示劝告，建议，命令（ought to ）
--Turn off the TV, Jack , shouldn’t you bedoing your homework now?
-- Mun,just ten more minutes.
2. 表示应该做且有一种道义上的责任
①--You ought to have given them some advice.
--So ____________________(确实如此)，but who cares what I say?
②--I think I will give bob a ring. –You should .You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
③—You must be excited about going abroad for futher study .
-- ,but I am worrying about my poor English .
A. I ought to B. Not in the least C. I’m afraid D. Well, I ought to be
3. 表示明显的结果或合理的推断，且所期待的事几乎是事实。
07上海）There shouldn’t be any difficulty about passing the road test since you hace practiced a lot in the driving school.
. – When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
-- They _____ be ready by 12.pm. A. can B. should C. might D. need B
4. Why/How should …… 表说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外，译为“竟会”
--You didn’t come to the party yesterday. – Why should I have ? I ‘m not a party animal.
5.用于I’m surprised that….., You can’t imagine…… , It’s strang 等句型后表示惊讶，惋惜，忧虑
You can’t imagine that a top student should have failed in the college entrance examination
– It is said that China has been a member of WTO since December 11, 2001.
-- Well , it’s wonderful that the Chinese people _____ have made so much progress these years.
A.must B. can C.should D.may
6用于虚拟语气 should/ought to have done 本不应该做但实际上做了
shouldn’t have done_________
–Jack ______ taken to the hospital immediately.
--________ , but all efforts made no difference.
A. ought to have been ;So he was B. ought to be ;So he ought to
C.ought to have been ; So he did D.ought to be ; So he was
We were anxious about you. You ________ home without a word next time . B
A. couldn’t have left B. mustn’t leave C. shouldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
VI will/ would
1. 用于各种人称表意志，决心，意愿等
If you will listen,I will tell you how to deal with the problem.
My car wouldn’t start this morning.
2. 表将来时，可表示说话人临时做出的决定
--Did you tell him about the result? --Oh,no, I forgot. I _____ her now.
A. Will be calling B. will call C. call D.am to call
3. Will /Would you 表请求
4. 表经常性的习惯，倾向（过去的习惯）
He will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.
He would come to see me when he was in Beijing .
– Could you tell me what happened last night ?
-- I can’t go into detail now because it _______take too long.
A. would B. should C.might D. could
5.表许诺-
-Daddy ,would you but me an MP3 player if I do well In the first city-wide examination?
--I will, I promise
6总是，好，就
– Jackie says she can’t help because she’s got a lot of work on .
-- Well, she _____ say that – she always uses that excuse.
A.should B. may C. can D. would
7. would imagine /say /think …… 提出拿不准的看法
I would say he was about 50.
8. 用于虚拟语气 would have done / wouldn’t have done
Zhang lin was addicted to computer games during his year in high school, otherwise he would have been a student of Beijing University .
VII need

句型
动词
人称变化
时态变化
否定句
疑问句

need
情态
疑
否
条
do
×
need have done(本需要)
needn’tdo
needn’thave done
（本没必要）
Need I

need
实义
肯
to do
needs

don’t/doesn’t/didn’t to do
Does/Do/Did you…?
need to be done/
need doing

--I don’t mind telling you what I know.
-- You needn’t. I’m not asking you for it.
You needn’t finish the report tonight if you’re too tired. Tomorrow afternoon is the deadline.
– I forget to clean the window yesterday .
-- It was my turn . You ________ .
A. needn’t B. needn’t have C. didn’t need to D. don’t have to
--Jane didn’t turn up last night , did he?
-- No, she ________ . We had changed our plans.
A. shouldn’t have come B. needn’t have to C. didn’t need to come D. needn’t have come
VIII dare

句型
动词
人称变化
时态变化
否定句
疑问句
dare情态
疑
否
条
do

dared
daren’t do
dared not to
Dare you..
dare
实义
肯
to do
dares
dared
doesn’t/don’t/didn’t dare( to) do
Does/Do/Didyou to
The little child _______ go out alone at night,so he _____ walk in the darkthat night.
A. daren’t; didn’t dare to B. doesn’t dare ; dare not
Cisn’t dare to ; dared not to D. doesn’t dare to ; dare not to
1. I _____ thank you too much because without your help , I couldn’t have won the first prize .
A. can’t B. can C. shall D. shouldn’t
2. -- We lost again !

-- It’s not very important . We ________ forgot about it , ok?
A . would better B. had rather C. had best to D. might as well
3. It has been announced that all the test takers _______in their seats until all the exam papers have been collected .
A. can B. may C. shall D. will
4. - Helen, will you be at the party tonight ?
-- Yes , but I have so much homework to do that I really__________.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. won’t D. shouldn’t
5. —What do you think of last Friday’s charity pop concert, Tom?
-- It was a great success as a whole. Actually, we __ with half of the money collected.
A. will be satisfied B. were satisfied
C. would be satisfied D. would have been satisfied
6. . – Hi ,John , any idea where Susan is ?
-- It’s class time .So she ______ in the classroom now .
A. can be B. must have been C. might have been D. should be
7. —No , I ‘m afraid he isn’t in. This is his secretary speaking .Can I help you ?
--_______ .
A. Oh, you will B. Oh, that’a pity
C. I should think so D. Well,I look forward to hearing from you
9. She is too thin.She _____ gain some weight but she ______ too little.
A. would; ate B. will; eats C. would; eats D. will; ate
10. --Where is my dictionary ? I remember I put it here yesterday.
-- You _____ it in the wrong place.
A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put
11. When we speak of a basic human need , we mean something which is necessary to life , something we _______ possibly do without.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t
12. – Those are size 44. You might need a smaller size.
-- Yes ,I ______ a bit of weight . I have trying to lose weight. C
A. will have lost B. should have lost C. may have lost D. can’t lose
13. – It’s really fun to hike and I often I go hiking in the forest.
-- But hiking alone in the forest ______be dangerous .
A. can B.could C. must D.should
14. . You might just as well tell the manufacturer that most customers _______ not like the design of the funiture.
A. must B. shall C. may D. can
15. -- Artistic people ______be very difficult sometimes .
-- Well , you should know – you ______ one .
A. can ; married B. will ; married C. can ;have married D. will ; have married
16. – Did you watch the latest opera?
-- No. We _______ it, but our car broke down on the way.
A. must have watch B. shouldn’t have watched
C. could have watched D. needn’t have watched it
17. --Shall I tell John about it?
-- No, you _______ I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. won’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
18. --- Mum, the door _____ . My keys are locked in it again!
-- You ______ it! I told you always to carry your keys with you .
A. can’t open; have asked for B. wouldn’t be opened ; asked for it
C . won’t open; asked for D. can’t be opened ; are asking for
19. It’s so late . Our son _______ be back !
-- Don’t worry ! I dare say he _______ have some extra work to do.
A. can; must B. will; might C. must; may D. should ;must
20. – I can’t wait to go to your party. _______ my friend Susan come?
-- Of course .She ‘s always welcome.
A. shall B. should C. will D. must
21. –Are you goin